one time is not to exceed six if ordered by specified persons, whose names and addresses have to be reported to the Custom House on the Import Application, but may not exceed four if not so ordered and if bought for stock. Registers are to be kept by the firm, in which are to be entered in detail the number of sporting guns and ammunition thus imported, the names and addresses of the purchasers, and the dates of delivery. These registers will be open for Customs inspection when called for.

The total number of all kinds of sporting cartridges combined imported by a foreign firm in one consignment must not exceed ten thousand rounds.

(d.) The expression "sporting guns and cartridges imported by foreigners" refers exclusively to sporting shot-guns and ammunition for same. Military arms and ammunition must not be fraudulently imported under any pretext.

5°.-REGISTERS.-A special record of all importations of arms and ammunition for the personal use of foreigners, giving the importer's name and nationality, the date, number of packages, etc., will be kept at every port by the Superintendent as well as by the Commissioner of Customs, in which the amount of duty collected in every instance will also be noted. Similarly, a special record of arms and ammunition imported by or for the Chinese Government is to be kept, giving the purchasing Government department, the provincial authority which issued the Huchao and the number of such Huchao, the number of packages, etc. At the end of every year copies of these records will be submitted to the Shui-wu Ch'u.

6°.-PROHIBITION ON IMPORTATION OF MILITARY ARMS AND AMMUNITION.— The importation of such military or naval arms and ammunition as have not been purchased by Chinese Government departments, military, naval, or civil, continues to be prohibited in accordance with the existing treaties.

7°.—Duty TREATMENT.-Duty at the rate of 5 per cent. ad valorem will be collected on arms and ammunition imported under the provisions of rules 2°, 3°, and 4°.

8°.-TRANSHIPMENT.-Permission to tranship at Shanghai arms and ammunition imported for purposes of self-defence or sport by foreigners residing at other ports will be given if the Shanghai Consul concerned applies to the Shanghai Customs, giving the name of the purchaser and the number of packages. On arrival of such transhipment cargo at the port of destination, the purchaser will still have to obtain from the Superintendent of Customs, through his Consul, the necessary Permit to Import to be presented with the cargo in question to the Customs, who will release it after examination and payment of duty.

9°.-PROVISION AGAINST ABUSES.-The above regulations, based on the new rules drawn up by the Shui-wu Ch'u, have been revised in a liberal sense with a view to obviating certain inconveniences pointed out by the Diplomatic Corps. They are to come into force from the 1st July 1908, the beginning of the 192nd quarter. Arms and ammunition imported before that date are to be dealt with in accordance with the original regulations.

The present revised rules will be amended from time to time as required, to provide against such abuses as may arise after they have come into operation.

Note.

A tenth (and additional) article, regarding the procedure for better control of arms and ammunition stored by Foreign Merchants, was proposed by the Chinese Government to the diplomatic body on November 20, 1915, and accepted by the dean in its behalf by a note to the Wai Chiao Pu under date of January 5, 1916. The official English version is as follows:

Tenth (Additional) Article of the revised Regulations for Arms and Ammunition May 30, 1908.

"(a) With regard to fire-arms and ammunition, of any kind whatsoever, now in the possession of foreign firms or merchants-with the exception of revolvers for personal selfdefence or sporting guns, as also ammunition for the said revolvers and sporting guns, as well as samples of arms and ammunition, no matter where they are stored (foreign settlements included) or when and under what authority they were imported, the owner, holder, or agent shall report to the Customs before the 31st January, 1916, the exact numbers held by him and deliver a bond testifying that these numbers are correct. Should the report not be made out within the above time limit or should a false report be made out, on discovery or denunciation of the fact the stock shall be confiscated to the Chinese Government. If it is necessary for Chinese officials to enter a Settlement for purposes of inspection, an official communication may be addressed to the foreign officials of the Settlement requesting their assistance. Inspection shall be effected by the competent foreign authorities at the request of the Chinese officials; the latter shall be allowed when it is deemed necessary to attend the said inspection.

(b) After the Customs Officers have verified the exact figures of the quantity of arms and ammunition declared and guaranteed as correct by the owner, holder, or agent of the arms and ammunition, a certificate shall be issued to the said owner, holder, or agent, who will remove the exact quantity of arms and ammunition specified on the said certificate to the Customs special warehouse.

"As regards warehouse charges and all such matters in this general connexion, the said owner, holder, or agent must abide by the regulations governing the Customs warehouse concerned. Such arms and ammunition may not be sold to other persons unless a Huchao permitting it is issued by the Chinese Ministry of War or of Marine.

"(c) Any arms and ammunition that have already been imported into a Chinese port by a foreign firm and that it is desired to forward to a foreign port shall be reported to the Maritime Customs, and the Customs shall instruct the said merchant to deliver a bond specifying the steamer by which they are to be shipped and the country they are sent to. "(d) Whenever a foreign merchant vessel arrives at a Chinese port the munitions of war carried by the said vessel for self-defence must be entered in a list, which is to be signed by the master of the vessel and sent to the Customs for inspection. Should the quantity of arms and ammunition actually carried by the vessel exceed the amount specified in the list, then the matter shall be treated as a case of smuggling. When a merchant vessel is about to depart the Customs officers should carefully ascertain whether the quantity of munitions of war carried agrees with the list or not.

(e) Arms and ammunition for foreign troops stationed in China are not affected by the paragraphs (a) to (d) above."

NUMBER 1908/11.

SWEDEN AND CHINA.

Treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation (with additional article of May 24, 1909).*—July 2, 1908.

His Majesty the King of Sweden and His Majesty the Emperor of China, desiring to maintain firm, lasting and sincere friendship and to extend further

*Official English text as published by the Swedish Government in Svensk Författingssamling, 1909, No. 113. Printed also in Customs, vol. II, p. 97; Am. Int. Law Journal, Supplement, 1910, p. 337; Tyau, p. 258; B. & F. State Papers, vol. 101 (1907-1908), p. 945.

the commercial relations between their respective countries, and having resolved to conclude a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation, have for that purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:

His Majesty the King of Sweden:

Gustaf Oscar Wallenberg, His Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Peking, and

His Majesty the Emperor of China:

His Excellency Lien Fang, His Majesty's High Commissioner Plenipotentiary and Senior Vice-President of the Wai Wu Pu;

Who having communicated to each other their respective Full Powers, and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles:

ARTICLE I.-There shall be, as there have always been, perpetual peace and friendship between His Majesty the King of Sweden and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their respective subjects, who shall enjoy equally in the respective countries of the High Contracting Parties full and entire protection of their persons and property.

ARTICLE II. It is agreed by the High Contracting Parties that His Majesty the King of Sweden may, if he see fit, accredit a Diplomatic Representative to the Court of Peking, and His Majesty the Emperor of China may, if he see fit, accredit a Diplomatic Representative to the Court of Stockholm.

The Diplomatic Representatives thus accredited shall enjoy all the prerogatives, privileges and immunities accorded by international usage to such Representatives, and they shall also in all respects be entitled to the treatment extended to similar Representatives of the most favoured nation.

Their persons, families, suites, establishments, residences and correspondence shall be held inviolable. They shall be at liberty to select and appoint their own employés, couriers, interpreters, servants and attendants without any kind of molestation.

His Royal Swedish Majesty's Representative shall be given audience of His Majesty the Emperor of China whenever necessary to present his Letters of Credence or any communication from the King of Sweden. His Imperial Chinese Majesty's Representative shall be given audience of His Majesty the King of Sweden whenever necessary to present his Letters of Credence or any communication from the Emperor of China. The ceremonial adopted at the Courts of the High Contracting Parties as regards the Representatives above mentioned shall conform in all respects with the usages of nations of equal rank, without any loss of prestige on one side or the other.

The English text of all notes or despatches from Swedish officials, and the Chinese text of all notes or despatches from Chinese officials, shall be authoritative.

ARTICLE III.-His Majesty the King of Sweden may appoint Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls and Consular Agents to reside at such of the ports, cities and towns of China, which are now or may hereafter be opened to foreign residence and trade, as the interests of the Kingdom of Sweden may require. His Majesty the Emperor of China may appoint Consuls-General, Consuls,

Vice-Consuls and Consular Agents to reside at all places in Sweden where Consular officers of other nations are now or may hereafter be allowed to reside, as the interests of the Empire of China may require.

The Consuls and other officials of the High Contracting Parties shall treat each other with due respect, and they shall enjoy each in the other's country all the attributes, authority, privileges and immunities, which are or may hereafter be extended to similar officers of the most favoured nation.

On the arrival of a Consul, who has been duly appointed, at his post, it shall be the duty of the Diplomatic Representative to inform the Minister of Foreign Affairs, who shall in accordance with international usage forthwith issue the proper recognition of the said Consul, without fee or charge. Such recognition, however, may be withdrawn, should it be found that the said Consul has contravened international usage in the performance of his duties. At places where no Consul is appointed as aforesaid, the Consul of a friendly nation may be requested to perform the functions. At places where there is no Consular Representative the local authorities shall see that the subjects of the other Contracting Party enjoy the benefits of the present Treaty.

ARTICLE IV.-Chinese subjects may proceed to and from any place in Sweden with their merchandise for purposes of trade. Swedish subjects may proceed to and from any place in China which is now or may hereafter be opened to foreign Commerce, with their merchandise for purposes of trade. The subjects of the High Contracting Parties may in accordance with existing rules and with the privileges enjoyed by subjects of the most favoured nation carry on trade, industries and manufactures or pursue any other lawful avocations at all the places above mentioned, rent or purchase houses for residence and for business purposes, rent or lease land, build houses, churches, cemeteries and hospitals, and take persons into their service and employ them in any lawful capacity without restraint or hindrance from the local authorities. They shall in all respects enjoy the same privileges and immunities as are now or may hereafter be granted by the High Contracting Parties to the subjects of the most favoured nation.

ARTICLE V.-The Tariff and Tariff Rules † now in force, or hereafter concluded, between China and the Foreign Powers shall be applicable to all articles imported into China by Swedish subjects or from Sweden, or exported from China by Swedish subjects or to Sweden. In no case shall the import or export duty thus paid be other or higher than the duty on similar articles which is paid by subjects of the most favoured nation.

The Tariff Rules now in force, or hereafter concluded, between China and the Foreign Powers shall also be applicable to articles the importation and exportation of which is prohibited, and to duty free articles.

Articles duly imported into China by Swedish subjects, upon which import duty has been paid, and which it is desired to convey to an inland market and to clear of all Transit duties by payment of a single commutation Transit tax or duty; and articles for export purchased in China elsewhere than at an open port, upon which export duty has been paid, and which it is desired to clear of

See tariff and rules, here printed as an annex to the American commercial treaty of October 8, 1903 (No. 1903/5, ante).

all Transit duties by payment of a single commutation tax or duty; shall be treated according to the existing Rules between China and the Foreign Powers. The transit tax or duty shall in no case exceed that which is paid by subjects of the most favoured nation.

Goods transported from one Treaty Port to another, or temporarily stored in a bonded warehouse at a Treaty Port, or re-exported, by Swedish subjects, shall be subject to the general Regulations now in force, or the new supplementary Regulations which may hereafter be negotiated, between China and the Foreign Powers.

Chinese articles imported into Sweden, or articles of other nations imported into Sweden by Chinese subjects, shall pay an import duty no higher or other than that which is paid by the subjects of the most favoured nation.

The Chinese Authorities at the several open ports shall adopt such means as they may judge most proper to prevent the revenue suffering from fraud or smuggling.

ARTICLE VI.-Swedish merchant vessels may proceed to all the Treaty Ports of China already opened or which may hereafter be opened, for the transportation of merchandise and for purposes of trade. They may also proceed to the inland waters in China which foreign merchant vessels are at liberty to navigate, and to the ports of call along the rivers for the purpose of landing and shipping passengers and goods. In all these matters they shall be subject to the Rules and Regulations concluded by China with other foreign powers.

If a Swedish vessel should unlawfully enter ports other than open ports and ports of call in China, or carry on clandestine trade along the coast or rivers, the vessel with her cargo shall be subject to confiscation by the Chinese Government.

Chinese merchant vessels may proceed to and from any of the harbours in Sweden which other foreign merchant vessels are at liberty to frequent, for purposes of trade and for the shipping and landing of passengers and goods.

The merchant vessels of the High Contracting Parties shall enjoy most favoured nation treatment in each other's dominions.

Merchant vessels of the High Contracting Parties may hire boats in each other's ports for the conveyance of passengers and goods, and may engage the services of pilots for the purpose of entering or leaving port. They shall pay the tonnage dues or other fees or charges according to the existing Regulations in the two countries, but they shall not be required to pay other or higher tonnage dues or fees or charges than the vessels of the most favoured nation. Should a vessel of either of the High Contracting Parties be stranded or wrecked on the coast of the other, the local authorities shall immediately adopt measures for rescuing the passengers and crew and to give the most favoured nation treatment. In the case of a vessel sustaining injury, or being compelled for other reason to seek a place of refuge, such vessel shall be permitted to enter any near port and to anchor there temporarily, without being subject to the payment of tonnage dues. The cargo, if landed in order to effect the necessary repairs to the vessel, but not for sale, shall not be liable to pay duties, provided that it remains under the supervision of the Customs Authorities.

In connection with this article, see the additional article of May 24, 1909 (p. 747).