735051

REORMING NEWS

UNITED STATES ARMY

THE RECRUITING PUBLICITY BUREAU, U. S. ARMY Governors Island, N. Y.

Lt. Col. LeRoy W. Yarborough, Inf., Officer in Charge 1st Lieutenant H. North Callahan, Inf., Executive 1st Lieutenant James A. Richards, Jr., C.A.C., Assistant

Issued monthly by direction of The Adjutant General in the interest of recruitment for the Regular Army, the National Guard, the Organized Reserves, and the ROTC.

Permission is granted to reproduce any material in the United States Army Recruiting News, except that which is copyrighted or otherwise restricted.

Change of address should be reported promptly to this Bureau and at least one month in advance of the date of issue with which the change is to take effect.

January, 1942

HIGH COMMANDERS OF THE A. E. F.
JAMES GUTHRIE HARBORD
Portrait by Joseph Cummings Chase

When the post of commanding general of the Services of Supply, better known as the SOS, became vacant in July 1918, General Pershing assigned to the position the officer on whom he appears to have leaned more heavily than any other during the life of the A.E.F.-Major General James G. Harbord.

The two had been acquainted since sometime before our entry into the World War, and both had been Cavalry officers before attaining general rank. The bond between them, however, was stronger than long acquaintance and service in the same branch would alone account for. The Commander-in-Chief knew when he started for France in 1917 that he would be required to maintain with his chief of staff, whoever he might be, relations as close and intimate as those existing between the best of friends. He chose General Harbord, then a major of Cavalry, apparently without a moment's hesitation, and never regretted the choice. Nor did he ever regret placing him at the head of the SOS at a critical moment in 1918. General Harbord appears to have been able to carry on in any role practically as his chief's alter ego.

General Harbord was born at Bloomington, Illinois, on March 21, 1866, the son of George W. and Effie (Gault) Harbord. When he was four years old, his parents moved to Pettis County, in west central Missouri. Eight years later they moved on further west, to Lyon County, Kansas, the seat of government of which is Emporia, birthplace and home of William Allen White, with whom the future major general shared a youthful disappointment.

General Harbord attended the Kansas State Agricultural College, from which he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Science in 1886. “In August, after gradu

RECRUITING NEWS

ation," he wrote later, "I tried without success to get an appointment to West Point. One of my fellow-failures was William Allen White

Having been thus thwarted in his ambition to become a cadet, young Mr. Harbord appears to have abandoned all idea of a military career. With his diploma to bolste whatever other recommendations he had, he turned to the profession of teaching, and for two years he first kep country school in nearby Butler County and then taught at the college from which he had been graduated. On January 10, 1889, however, he suddenly terminated his career as a professor and joined the Army, not as an officer, but as a private in the Fourth Infantry. He served as an enlisted man until July 31, 1891, being promoted through the grades of corporal, sergeant, and quartermaster sergeant. On August 2, 1891, he accepted a commission as second lieutenant of Cavalry. He was assigned to the Fifth Regiment, then stationed at Fort Reno, Oklahoma

Until December 1891, Lieutenant Harbord served with his regiment at Fort Reno, and was then detailed on recruiting duty and sent to Wichita, Kansas, where he remained until April 1, 1892. Rejoining his command at For Reno, he continued with it at that post and at Fort Brown, Texas, until August 1893. He was then ordered to For Leavenworth, Kansas, as a student at the Infantry and Cavalry School. He was graduated in June 1895, and in the same year he received the post-graduate degree of Master of Science from his alma mater, the Kansas State Agricultura. College.

Following his graduation from the Infantry and Cavalry School, Lieutenant Harbord rejoined the Fifth Cavalry, then stationed at Fort Clark, Texas. He served with it at that place and at Fort McIntosh, in the same State, unti. May 24, 1898, when he was appointed a major in the Second U. S. Volunteer Cavalry, which was organized for service in the Spanish-American War. On July 1 of the same year he was promoted to first lieutenant in the Regular Army, but continued to serve as a major of Volunteers until his honorable muster out cn October 24, 1898.

As a first lieutenant, the erstwhile major reported for duty with the Tenth Cavalry, then stationed at Fort Sam Houston, Texas. He was almost immediately detailed a regimental quartermaster, a post recently vacated by First Lieutenant John Joseph Pershing when he, too, was promoted to major of Volunteers. In April 1899 the Tenth Cavalry was ordered to Cuba, and Lieutenant Harbord wen with it. He remained in that country until May 1901. serving with his regiment at Manzanillo and as aide to Colonel (later Brigadier General) Samuel Marmaduke Whitside at Santiago. Part of the time he was serving as aide. he also served as acting adjutant general of the Department of Eastern Cuba. While holding office as aide, he was promoted to captain, February 2, 1901, and transferred to the Eleventh Cavalry.

Upon his return to the United States, Captain Harbord joined his new regiment at Fort Myer, Virginia, and was detailed as regimental commissary. He held that post unti! July 31, 1901, when he was brought across the Potomac for duty in the War Department as Acting Assistant Adjutant General, where he continued until ordered to the Philippines in February 1902, for duty with his regiment.

Captain Harbord served with the Eleventh Cavalry a several stations in the Philippines until August 1903. The he was selected a second time for promotion to a much higher rank than he held in the Regular Army. He was appointed assistant chief of the Philippine Constabulary. with rank of colonel. This post he held until December 31, 1913. He served at Manila until October 1905, when he was transferred to Lucena. There he remained until

April 1907. From then until July 1909, he was at Albay, after which he returned to the United States where, under the authority of the Insular Government, he remained on duty until March of the following year. Upon arrival back in the Philippines he resumed his duty as assistant chief of the Constabulary and continued to hold that post until the end of 1913.

The Philippine Constabulary was an insular police force, organized along military lines, officered by Americans, and with enlisted men drawn from among the Filipinos. In the organization of such a force, the difficulties encountered were innumerable, and many delicate situations arose

involving religious differences among the native tribes. A rare degree of diplomacy and leadership was required on the part of the American officers, and Colonel Harbord, as assistant chief of the service, was frequently called upon to make sweeping decisions and enforce them. He demonstrated superb ability as organizer, executive, and leader.

Upon his return to the United States in January 1914, Colonel Harbord again became Captain Harbord, his Regular Army rank. He was assigned to the First Cavalry, with station at the Presidio of Monterey, California. He served with the regiment at that station and on the (Continued on Page Eighteen)

P

RIVATE JOHN DOUGH knocked briskly on the door of his company orderly room and entered aggressively at the first sergeant's muffled "Come in!"

The company clerk was with the first sergeant. He grinned at Dough and turned to the first sergeant. "Here it comes, Sergeant. Stand by for the squawk I told you Dough was giving!"

Dough barked: "Sergeant, this penpusher's trying to put over a fast one on me. He just posted the details for tomorrow, and he's got me down for main guard. Now you know, sergeant, I was on special duty for the last three weeks. Just came back to straight duty with the company yesterday. And right away I'm hooked by the company clerk to pull a guard!"

The first sergeant looked at Dough a long minute. Then: "You haven't much service, have you, Dough?"

"More than a year, sergeant. But-"

"I thought so. No old soldier would sound off the way you do, Dough. One of the first things you should have learned is that no soldier makes a beef about any detail to which he's assigned until after he does that detail." "You mean I should do that tour of main guard and then complain about it, after I'd done it?"

"Exactly. As a

matter of fact, I
should run you out
of this orderly room
this minute!"
"But-"

"But considering the fact that you've little more than a year's service, I'll take a little time to explain some facts of Army life to you, Dough. In the first place, you're all wrong about the company clerk making up these daily details. He doesn't do more than type those lists and post them on the bulletin board."

"Oh! You pick

By HERBERT E. SMITH

out the men to go on guard, and for kitchen police and room orderly and company fatigue and all."

"No. Wrong again, Dough."
"Then the captain-"

"No. Not the company commander, neither!" The first sergeant reached over and picked up a small paper

book from his desk. "Ever hear of the duty roster, Dough?"

He flipped the pages, opening it to one headed "Guard Roster."

"Now let's look at the record, Dough. You went on special duty the third of this month, right?"

Dough nodded. "That's right, sergeant. But I had just come off main guard only a day or so before that."

"Not a day or so,' Dough. According to this duty roster, you had had five days off guard when you went on special duty on the third of the month."

"Well, shouldn't I have started from scratch, then, when I came back to straight duty, yesterday?"

"No. According to Army Regulations 345-25, which cover the running of a duty roster, you were entitled to one more day's respite, following your return to straight duty from special duty. So, as you can see right here on the roster, you were credited with an additional day, then you were picked up, today, as having six days 'in' off main guard. That made you having more time off guard, by the roster, than any other private due for tomorrow's guard detail. So, in making up that detail for main guard tomorrow, it

Almost humbly, he asked: "Tell me one thing more, sergeant, is there any time when I would have started fresh, with just one day off from guard duty, say, if I had had five days off that detail before doing anything else?"

The first sergeant shook his head. "No. Even a recruit, just turned to duty, does his guard or kitchen police, room orderly, or fatigue detail-first, before being charged with days off in this duty roster."

It appeared that Private Dough had one more shot left, after all. "Well, is there any time when a man's days off mount up? How could I get fifteen days off, say, on the duty roster, or twenty or even a month?"

"I don't think you'd want it that way, Dough," the first sergeant chuckled. "There are a few ways your days off mount up when you're absent without leave, when you're sick in the

Siberian Expedition Veterans Name First C. O. Their National Commander

At the recent National Convention of the Veterans of the Siberian Expedition, A. E. F., held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the former soldiers of the A.E.F.S. named as their National Commander, for the ensuing year, Brigadier General Henry D. Styer, USA, Retired, of Coronado, California.

General Styer was in command of the Siberian Expedition when the first elements of the 27th and 31st Infantry regiments and other U. S. Army units making up the force landed at Vladivostok in August of 1918 from Manila, Philippine Islands. Upon the arrival of Major General William S. Graves, later that year, and General Graves' assumption of command of the Siberian Expedition, General Styer took command of the American Zone of Advance in Siberia (Eastern Sector).

The next National Convention of the Veterans of the Siberian Expedition, A. E. F., is scheduled to be held in New Orleans, Louisiana, from September 21 to 24, 1942. Veterans of the Expedition residing in and about New York City also stage an annual reunion, usually in May, in or near New York. Veterans of the A. E. F. S. desiring information of either the New Orleans or New York reunions should write Mr. Joseph Gordon, editor of the New York chapter's "Wolfhound," at 2251 East 26th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Another Satisfied Recruit Private Edward Reed, who enlisted at Detroit, Michigan, in October for service with the Army Air Corps, is so pleased with his assignment that he has written

a letter of appreciation to Technical Sergeant Clifford H. McDonald, chief clerk of the recruiting office in Detroit. Following are extracts from Private Reed's letter:

"I left Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, on November 4 for Biloxi, Mississippi, where I am now a student in the mechanics' school, which you probably know has been opened here. Everything is still under construction, but we are living in barracks. I believe this will be a soldiers' paradise when it's done.

"This mechanics' course has been cut to twenty-two weeks, and a fellow has to pick up a lot of the details on his own hook. Anyhow, we have a dain good bunch of officers and instructors, and I believe that if a fellow puts out the effort, there won't be much to it. My buddy and I put in our applications for pilot training the of the week

fist

Colonel John R. Kelly Colonel John R. Kelly, Infantry, U. S. Army, who headed the Northwestern New York Recruiting District at Syracuse from 1957 until his retirement from active service early in 1940, died in Syracuse recently, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery with full military honors.

Colonel Kelly's military career began in the Spanish-American War in which he served as a sergeant in the 1st South Dakota Volunteers. Breveted a second lieutenant for gallantry in action in the Philippines, he was commissioned a second lieutenant of Infantry in the Regular Army early in September 1900. As a lieutenant colonel of Field Artillery, he served with the 304th Field

hospital not in line of duty, when you're in arrest or in confinement."

Private Dough's face was red. "Any more questions, Dough?" asked the first sergeant, not unkindly.

"Yes." Dough shuffled, shame-faced. "I guess you're right, sergeant. I have got to learn a lot, even yet, about this man's Army. I guess I'm still a-a 'John.' But I am sorry I sounded off the way I did to the clerk and you. So will you two men have a couple of cigars on me? That's my last question."

The first sergeant and the company clerk laughed in unison.

"I don't think that will be necessary, Dough," declared the first sergeant. "All we want is to have you remember the Army plays no favorites nor pulls any fast ones. If you're due for duty according to the duty roster, you'll do it. That's the only fair and equitable way."

Artillery of New York's 77th Division, in France during the World War. He was later promoted to the rank of colonel and assigned to command of the 17th Field Artillery, Second Division, A. E. F.

Colonel Kelly was thrice decorated for gallantry. He was awarded the Silver Star by the United States Government and the Croix de Guerre and the Legion of Honor by the French Government.

Speaking of Defense

In a recent football game at Port Townsend, Washington, two soldier elevens representing Fort Worden and Fort Lawton, played to a scoreless tie. In the last few minutes of play in the final quarter the heavier Fort Lawton team worked the pigskin to Fort Worden's one-foot line, but the Coast Artillery eleven held like "The Rock of the Marne" for four successive downs and took the ball just as the final whistle shrilled.

In his off-duty activities the good soldier is always careful to be courteous and considerate toward civilians.

"Seeing Washington"

Two busses, each carrying forty-five soldiers stationed at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, recently left that Signal Corps School post for Washington, where the men spent a delightful weekend visiting the many points of interest in and around the National Capital. The sightseeing soldiers spent the one night away from their post at a military reservation just outside the city.

T

HE average young man starting

service in the U. S. Army is 5 feet, 8 inches tall, weighs 144 pounds, has a chest measurement of 334 inches, a 31-inch waistline, wears a 92-D shoe and a size 7 hat, according to a recent compilation of official figures by War Department

statisticians.

After a few months in the Army, however, the recruit has gained in weight on Army food, wears shoes onehalf size larger and has an expanded chest measurement. This is indicated by tests of average recruits, although complete examination comparable to that given upon the individual's entrance into the service is not routine.

To keep this average soldier in fighting trim for the first year, the Quartermaster Corps spends $404.65, of which $175.20 is for his food; $162.05 for clothing; $15.79 for individual equipment; and $51.61 for barracks equipment. Weapons, ammunition, pay and other expenses incurred during his training are not included in these estimates.

The Army spends about 48 cents a day, or $175.20 a year, to feed the average enlisted man.

The American soldier eats at the finest Army mess in the world. On a weekly basis his garrison, or peacetime ration consists of the following average quantities of basic foods: 4 pounds,

6 ounces of fresh beef: 14 ounces of chicken; 1 pound, 12 ounces of fresh pork; 7 eggs; 9 pounds, 3 ounces of fresh and canned vegetables; a little over 1 pound of cereals and dry vegetables; about 2 pounds of fresh and canned fruits; 14 ounces of coffee, 4 pounds, 6 ounces of potatoes, and 4 pounds of fresh and evaporated milk.

Clothing needed to outfit the enlisted man when he begins duty costs the Government $107.89. Maintenance cost of clothing for a year is $54.16, making a total clothing cost for his year in the Army of $162.05.

Clothing issued to the soldier includes: 8 pairs of shorts (either cotton or woolen); 8 undershirts (usually cotton, but 2 may be woolen); 9 pairs of socks; 3 pairs of shoes-2 pairs high brown service shoes and 1 pair low dress oxfords; 6 pairs of trousers-4 cotton khaki and 2 woolen; 6 shirts-4 khaki and 2 flannel, woolen, or O.D.; 1 woolen overcoat; 1 cotton field jacket with woolen lining; 3 herringbone cotton twill jackets (to soldiers not issued one-piece work suits); 3 pairs of herringbone twill trousers to go with jackets; 2 pairs of canvas leggings (when not issued boots); 4 neckties-2 black woolen and 2 cotton khaki; 1 herringbone twill hat to go with suit of similar material; 2 caps-1 woolen, 1 cotton khaki (except in tropics); 1 woolen or serge coat;

1 cotton khaki web waist belt; 1 pair of woolen, O.D. gloves; 6 white cotton handkerchiefs, and 1 steel helmet.

Individual equipment for the average soldier for one year requires an expenditure of $15.79, of which $11.47 is initial cost and $4.32 upkeep.

When he enters the service the enlisted man receives 1 toilet set containing shaving brush, tooth brush, comb, safety razor with 5 blades; 1 pair

Each Recruit is Carefully Measured before Clothing is Issued Him

of suspenders; 2 identification discs with 1 yard of tape; 2 hand towels; 1 bath towel; 2 barrack bags; 1 canvas field bag; 1 cartridge belt (if armed with rifle); 1 pistol belt (if armed with pistol); 1 mess kit; 1 canteen and cover; 1 pack carrier; 1 cup; 1 fork; 1 spoon; 1 knife; 1 haversack (if not issued field bag); 1 web pocket (if armed with pistol); 1 first aid pouch; 1 strap for carrying field bag (for soldier issued field bag).

Uncle Sam pays $51.61 for an enlisted man's barracks equipment for one year.

Of this amount $37.43 is initial cost and $14.18 maintenance cost for the year.

This barracks equipment includes 1 mosquito bar; 2 mosquito bar rods;

Celebrating the fact that its teams had won both the softball and volleyball championships of the 29th Infantry at Fort Benning, Georgia, Company E of the "Demonstration Regiment," at the Infantry School Post, recently gathered about the proverbial "groaning board" in. its mess hall and went to work on a gala banquet highlighted by that epicurean's gastronomical delight, Southern fried chicken. The company commander, Captain Richard C. Hopkins, after complimenting the members of the championship teams, presented each player with a sweater bearing the company letter.

Embryo D'Artagnans

With the recent arrival at Scott Field, Illinois, of three foils and four masks, first shipment of a contemplated large order of like equipment, soldier fencers of that post began practice in that ancient and romantic sport.

Iron-pants Soldiers Make Whoopee

The Second Armored Division's service club, Fort Benning, Georgia, was converted into a typical "big top" for a night recently. All the noise, color and tinsel of a real circus were in evidence. Even the usual side shows were there fortune tellers, hula dancers, the rubber man, the tattooed lady, and the rest. Every unit of the division was represented by some form of attraction.

To lend a further touch of realism to the affair, admission fees were charged, but these did not "hurt," because they were paid with stage money, issued to each guest in the sum of twenty-five dollars at the door.

Troop Shelter

Troops are in "billets" when they Occupy private or public buildings. When they rest on the ground with no overhead cover, or under shelter tents or improvised shelter, they are in "bivGuac." When troops are sheltered by heavy tentage (tent camps) they are in "camp;" when quartered in temporary structures, especially constructed for military purposes, they are in "cantonment."