Subscription price: ¥1.50 per month; 20 sen per issue. Advertising rate: ¥1.00 per line; ¥1.50 per line in special sections. Branch offices: Osaka, Tokyo, Taihoku, Keelung, Taichu, Kagi, Takao, Heito. Buildings: In April 1936 the company bought about 4,000 square yards of land near the Tainan railroad station and erected a new building. Equipment: 2 Marinoni rotary presses, or one Marinoni rotary and 1 Marinoni folding press. 1 Japanese-made Saito type-plate printing ma chine. 6 Banno type-casting machines. 3 casting machines. 2 picture printing machines. 2 copying machines. 2 machines for making raised plates. 3 lead plate-casting machines. 2 lead plate-finishing machines. 2 color rotary presses. 1 cutting machine. Format of the paper: 6.3 type, 15 characters to the line, 163 or 176 lines to the column, and 14 or 15 columns to the page. Personnel: President: Miyamoto Ichigaku. Director, editor-in-chief, and head of editorial section: Nakamura Koto. Managing director: Tanaka Seitaro. Head of political department: Daikuhei Kanezo (Mizoguchi Ie?). Head of economics department: Tazato Isho. Head of management department: Tanaka Seitaro. Head of sales department: Tozawa Keizo. Head of general affairs department: Kumanomido Hireo. Head of auditing department: Yamamoto Jutaro. 1. General statement. V. TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION Transportation facilities in Tainan Province are poor according to western standards. Service on the railroads is slow, automobiles are few, and the many streams, subject to flash floods, constitute a hazard to the roads. 2. Railroads. a. General statement. Government railroad lines, sugar company railroad lines, of which a portion of the track is open for public business, and private pushcar lines (daisha), some of them owned by the sugar companies, are in operation in Taiwan and Tainan Province. With minor exceptions, the government lines are of 3'6'', the private railroad lines 2'6'', and the pushcar lines 18" or 20" gage. In 1938 the government lines in Taiwan totaled 650 miles, including 95 miles of double-tracking. In addition there were 200 miles of yard tracks, sidings, and crossing loops. The private railroads were said to total 1,562 miles, of which 1,245 miles were for the exclusive use of the sugar companies. The pushcar lines were said to total 645 miles. The figure for the private railroads includes sugar company pushcar lines. Passenger cars on the government lines have a capacity of 30 first-class, 48 second-class, or 76 third-class fares. The freight cars have a capacity of 10 to 20 tons. In 1940 there were in Taiwan 200-400 steam locomotives, 24 gasoline powered combination freight and passenger cars, 6 steam powered freight and passenger cars, 600 passenger cars, 8,000–12,000 freight cars, and 60 refrigerated cars. b. Main government line. The main government line runs north-south through Tainan Province. The distance from Tainan City to Takao is 28.8 miles, and from Tainan City to Taihoku, 205.5 miles. From north to south in the province the stations on the line and the distances from Tainan City was as follows: Passenger fares on the main government line in Taiwan were: first-class, 6.5 sen per mile; second-class, 4.5 sen per mile; third-class, 2.5 sen per mile. Express trains were at an extra fare, according to distance, of 60 sen to ¥210 for first-class; 40 sen to ¥1.40 for second-class; and 20 sen to 70 sen for third-class. First-class pullman fare was ¥7 per night; second-class was ¥3 for an upper berth, and ¥4.50 for a lower berth. Reduced railroad rates were given to teachers, veterans, and other groups. c. The Arisan railroad. A 30" gage branch railway of the Government-General runs east from Kagi to the 1 Arisan forest. It is reported to be from 42 to 57 miles in length, with the forest terminal at an altitude of 7,000 or 8,000 feet. The road is reported to be the steepest and highest railroad in the Far East. It goes through 72 tunnels, over 65 bridges, and makes many loops and turns. A portion of the line is open for general business. Timber is conveyed to assembly points on the railroad, whence it is taken to the sawmills at Kagi. As of about 1934 the railroad engines were using wood for fuel. 3. Roads and automobiles. Two main highways run from Seira on the northern border of the Province to Tainan City, whence they join again and continue south to Takao City. One of the highways, a Government-General road, runs parallel to the government railroad near the foothills, and from Seira passes through Tonan, Tamio, Kagi, Shinei and Shinshi. The other, a provincial road, runs from Seira in the middle of the plain through Ronhai, Hokko, and Bokushi to Ensui, whence it turns west to Hokumon on the coast and then south through Kari to Tainan City. At Ensui a branch of the road runs a short distance west to Shinei where it joins the other highway, thus making a good east-west road across the plain. Three secondary roads cross the plain from east to west: one from Kagi through Bokushi to Toseki on the coast; one from Tamio through Shinko northwest through Hokko to Kaiko on the coast; and the third from Tonan through Toseiseki to Kaiko on the coast. The north-south highway near the foothills is macadamized north of Kagi; and concrete south to Tainan City. From Tainan south to Tako the road is of metalled surface. According to the Taiwan Jijo there are 13 main bridges on the Government-General highway, the bridges varying in length from 320 to 800 feet, with one 2,800-foot bridge on a road running to Hokumon. These bridges were constructed between 1931 and 1935, and have a usable width of 5.0 to 5.5 meters. Government-General busses operate on the highway parallel to the railroad. 4. Airfields. Two airfields are near Tainan City, one a little to the south, the other close to the city on the east. An airfield is a little to the west of Kagi City and there may be one at Toseki and one at Kaiko, both near the coast. Regular airplane service for passengers, freight and mail was in operation between Taihoku and Takao, via Tainan, and between Tainan and Mako in the Pescadores. 5. Water transportation. The coastal vessels subsidized by the Government-General do not stop at Ampin, but the ships on the Takao-Yokohama line do, according to available information. Steamships stop at Ampin to load salt. The Government-General was developing Ampin before the war, and it is probable that this development has been accentuated. A report of February 8, 1942, states that the Maritime Section of the Communications Department had decided to strengthen coastwise transportation, and had entrusted the Minami Nippon Kisen (South Japan Steamship Co.) with its operation. 15. Logging train going over wooden trestle and into tunnel on the Arisan railroad. 16. Spiral route of the Arisan railroad as it leaves the plain and climbs to Dokuritsuzan (Independence Mt.) station, 17 miles from Kagi. The customs houses at Ampin and Toseki are under the supervision of the Takao customs office. Ships registered with the Taiwan government at the end of 1938 numbered 191; 145 steam vessels with a total tonnage of 10,166 tons, and 46 sailing vessels with a total tonnage of 3,584 tons. Seamen numbered 7,007, of whom 4,730 were Japanese, 1,281 Formosan-Chinese, 459 Korean, 522 Chinese, and 15 English. These figures are for the entire island. 6. Rickshaws. Rickshaws operate in the cities and some of the larger towns. 7. Communications. a. General statement. All the communication facilities in Taiwan are owned by the government and are used mainly by the Japanese. Although the Japanese constitute only about one-twentieth of the population they send about three-fourths of the telegrams, fourfifths of the mail, two-thirds of the money orders, and own about two-thirds of the radio receiving sets. The Japanese have about five-sixths of the postal savings, but it is important to note that post office insurance is predominantly for Formosan-Chinese. b. Postal service, telephones, telegraph. The post office, telephone station and telegraph station are commonly combined in a single office, although there are some post offices without telephone and telegraph offices and some separate telephone and telegraph offices. In 1938 there were 267 offices in Taiwan which had one or a combination of the three facilities, 194 of them being post offices, 219 having telegraph and 222 telephone facilities, including 120 telephone exchanges. The location of the post offices in Tainan Province is given in the tables in Section VIII, "Police and Courts," p. 45ff. In addition to the public telephone offices there were 20,251 telephone subscribers, of whom 6,741 were FormosanChinese. A system of telephone and telegraph connections links all the police stations in the island. Telephone calls made in 1938 totaled 390,709 pay calls over the public telephones, 3,205,731 by subscribers, and 136,362,664 "city calls". These figures are difficult to interpret as it is uncertain just what the distinction is between "subscribers" and "city calls". Telegrams sent totaled 2,102,252, of which 366,108 were sent by FormosanChinese: telegrams received totaled 2,197,425 of which 423,696 were received by Formosan-Chinese. Post offices handle ordinary mail, parcel post, money orders, postal savings, postal transfer savings, and post office insurance and annuities. The volume of business in Taiwan in 1938 was as follows: Ordinary mail: 81,835,710 pieces received, 30,956,700 being from Formosan-Chinese. 101,711,030 pieces delivered, 47,037,300 to Formosan-Chinese. Parcel post: 855,163 parcels received, 174,024 being from Formosan-Chinese. 1,373,787 parcels delivered, 415,896 to Formosan-Chinese. Money orders: 1,366,296 remittances totalling ¥42,744,092, of which 479,383 totalling ¥13,913,393 were from Formosan-Chinese. Postal savings: Postal savings have grown very rapidly from 1937 when there were 633,053 depositors with deposits of ¥27,106,748, to 1941 when there were 1,509,902 depositors with deposits of ¥69,899,328. Of the 1941 depositors 591,881 were Japanese with deposits of ¥54,521,475; 854,604 were Formosan-Chinese with deposits of ¥13,700,268; and 63,417 were aborigines with deposits of ¥1,677,585. The number of depositors reported is difficult to understand since more Japanese depositors are reported than the number of Japanese in the island, and nearly half as many aborigines as there are aborigines in Taiwan. The interest rate on postal savings was 5.04 per cent in 1915, 4.44 in 1930, 3.24 in 1932 and beginning April 1, 1937, 3.12 per cent. Postal transfer savings: The function of these savings is the payment of local taxes, payment by checks, subscription of bonds, payment of principal and interest, etc. In 1939, 5,488 Japanese had postal transfer savings of ¥1,656,291; and 2,900 Formosan-Chinese had ¥187,339. The total turnover during the year 1938 appears to have been ¥175,535,757. Post office insurance: In 1938 there were 525,791 policy holders with premiums of ¥671,047 and insurance valued at ¥124,346,927. Of the total, 422,494 policy holders were Formosan-Chinese with premiums of ¥538,073 and insurance valued at ¥100,967,468. Postal annuity contracts: 978 policy holders had annuity values of ¥101,296, of which 57 policy holders were Formosan-Chinese with an annuity value of ¥7,500. Post office insurance and annuity funds to the volume of about ¥25,000,000 were invested by the government through 565 loans in a wide variety of enterprises, the three largest types of investment being public primary schools, ¥5,556,450; water service, ¥4,848,550; roads, ¥4,619,600. c. Cable. A cable is reported from Toei, Toseki-gun, to the Pescadores. The cable from Ampin to the Pescadores was discontinued in 1933. d. Radio. In 1938 there were three radio broadcasting stations in Taiwan: JFAK, 10 kw, frequency 750 kilocycles, at Taihoku; JFBK, 1 kw, frequency 720 kilocycles, at Tainan; and JFCK, 1 kw, frequency 580 kilocycles, at Taichu. A new radio station was opened in 1941 at Tamio in Kagi City to broadcast to the "southern regions." Plans for this station as reported in 1938 called for a station of 100 kw to cost ¥2,000,000 to connect Taiwan with the outside world. All the radio stations are owned by the government and operated by the Taiwan Broadcasting Association. Owners of receiving sets pay a monthly fee of ¥1.. Formosan-Chinese have very few receiving sets because, in part at least, programs have been designed for the most part for the Japanese. In Tainan Province in March, 1939, there were 1.4 sets per 100 Formosan-Chinese families and 70.5 sets per 100 Japanese families, or a total of 3,230 sets for Formosan-Chinese and 5,749 for Japanese. In all Taiwan there were 45,980 radio receiving sets, 13,599 being in the hands of FormosanChinese. Village Promotion Societies, organizations to promote the Japanization of the Taiwanese, have 794 meeting halls in the schools or public offices in Tainan Province, and are provided with radios and newspapers. These halls are reported to be the centers of edification and amusement in the villages. A radio consultation office is located in Tainan City to handle requests regarding radio such as the repair of sets, new subscriptions, and changes in subscriptions. Technicians to repair radio sets circulate in the province according to a regular monthly schedule, repairing sets either free or at cost. e. Motion pictures. Motion pictures in Taiwan are almost exclusively 35 mm. talking pictures. Of the 10,551 reels in 1938, 7,773 were Japanese products; 2,142, American; 9, Chinese; 306, German; 172, French; 115, English; 6, Russian; and 28 the products of other nations. The police inspected 2,198 pictures with 11,403 reels, while 1,220 pictures with 1,937 reels were exempt from inspection, apparently because they were official Japanese pictures. |