A Bitter Revolution: China's Struggle with the Modern WorldOxford University Press, 2004 - 357 頁 China is now poised to take a key role on the world stage, but in the early twentieth century the situation could not have been more different. Rana Mitter goes back to this pivotal moment in Chinese history to uncover the origins of the painful transition from a premodern past into a modern world. By the 1920s the seemingly civilized world shaped over the last two thousand years by the legacy of the great philosopher Confucius was falling apart in the face of western imperialism and internal warfare. Chinese cities still bore the imprints of its ancient past with narrow, lanes and temples to long-worshipped gods, but these were starting to change with the influx of foreign traders, teachers, and missionaries, all eager to shape China's ancient past into a modern present. Mitter takes us through the resulting social turmoil and political promise, the devastating war against Japan in the 1940s, Communism and the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s, and the new era of hope in the 1980s ended by the Tian'anmen uprising. He reveals the impetus behind the dramatic changes in Chinese culture and politics as being China's "New Culture" - a strain of thought which celebrated youth, individualism, and the heady mixture of strange and seductive new cultures from places as far apart as America, India, and Japan. |
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內容
Flashpoint 4 May 1919 The Making of a New China | 3 |
Why was May Fourth Important? | 12 |
The Fall of the Chinese Empire | 26 |
The Chinese Republic | 35 |
A Tale of Two Cities Beijing Shanghai and the May Fourth Generation | 41 |
Intellectual Centre of the Movement | 43 |
Chinas Modern Challenge | 49 |
The May Fourth Generation | 54 |
War and Confrontation | 178 |
The New World | 181 |
The Cold War | 190 |
The Great Leap Forward | 194 |
May Fourth in Abeyance | 198 |
Tomorrow the Whole World Will Be Red The Cultural Revolution and the Distortions of May Fourth | 200 |
Considering the Cultural Revolution | 207 |
What Was the Cultural Revolution? | 210 |
Subcultures | 65 |
Experiments in Happiness Life and Love in New Culture China | 69 |
New Classes New Opportunities | 70 |
Print Commerce and Culture | 76 |
Love Labour and Liberty | 77 |
Ask Taofen | 80 |
The May Fourth Entrepreneur | 90 |
Saving the Nation Making a Profit | 93 |
End of an Era? | 99 |
Goodbye Confucius New Culture New Politics | 102 |
Iconoclasm | 108 |
Goodbye Confucius? | 110 |
Chinas Road to Nationalism | 117 |
Internationalism Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism | 123 |
Looking East in Europe | 127 |
Thinking Beyond Europe | 129 |
Japans Promise Japans Menace | 133 |
Party Politics | 134 |
The Communists | 135 |
The Nationalists | 138 |
Nationalists and Communists United and Divided | 142 |
The Question of Woman | 146 |
Goodbye May Fourth? | 149 |
AFTERSHOCK | 153 |
A Land of Death Darkness over China | 155 |
China Changes Shape 19317 | 157 |
The Choices of the May Fourth Generation | 163 |
China Falls Apart 193745 | 167 |
The Cold War and the Cultural Revolution | 214 |
Life and Death during the Red Guard Period | 217 |
Changing the Guard | 226 |
May Fourth or Not? | 230 |
The Cold War and the Romance of Technology | 233 |
Red Black Men Women | 238 |
A Strange May Fourth | 240 |
Ugly Chinamen and Dead Rivers Reform and the New May Fourth | 244 |
The Late Cold War | 246 |
Life and Liberty in the New Era | 248 |
Jumping into the Sea of the New Society | 255 |
What Sort of Crisis? | 258 |
The Culture Fever Debates | 260 |
The Ugly Chinaman and Heshang | 262 |
The Different Crises | 269 |
Tiananmen and the End of an Era | 272 |
Towards Chinese Democracy? | 280 |
Learning to Let Go The May Fourth Legacy in the New Millennium | 285 |
The Two Cities Revisited | 289 |
Coping with the Past | 295 |
New Thinking | 301 |
Across the Straits | 305 |
Searching for a New Story | 308 |
Guide to Further Reading | 315 |
Notes | 325 |
345 | |
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