A Bitter Revolution: China's Struggle with the Modern World

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Oxford University Press, 2004 - 357 頁
China is now poised to take a key role on the world stage, but in the early twentieth century the situation could not have been more different. Rana Mitter goes back to this pivotal moment in Chinese history to uncover the origins of the painful transition from a premodern past into a modern world. By the 1920s the seemingly civilized world shaped over the last two thousand years by the legacy of the great philosopher Confucius was falling apart in the face of western imperialism and internal warfare. Chinese cities still bore the imprints of its ancient past with narrow, lanes and temples to long-worshipped gods, but these were starting to change with the influx of foreign traders, teachers, and missionaries, all eager to shape China's ancient past into a modern present. Mitter takes us through the resulting social turmoil and political promise, the devastating war against Japan in the 1940s, Communism and the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s, and the new era of hope in the 1980s ended by the Tian'anmen uprising. He reveals the impetus behind the dramatic changes in Chinese culture and politics as being China's "New Culture" - a strain of thought which celebrated youth, individualism, and the heady mixture of strange and seductive new cultures from places as far apart as America, India, and Japan.

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內容

Flashpoint 4 May 1919 The Making of a New China
3
Why was May Fourth Important?
12
The Fall of the Chinese Empire
26
The Chinese Republic
35
A Tale of Two Cities Beijing Shanghai and the May Fourth Generation
41
Intellectual Centre of the Movement
43
Chinas Modern Challenge
49
The May Fourth Generation
54
War and Confrontation
178
The New World
181
The Cold War
190
The Great Leap Forward
194
May Fourth in Abeyance
198
Tomorrow the Whole World Will Be Red The Cultural Revolution and the Distortions of May Fourth
200
Considering the Cultural Revolution
207
What Was the Cultural Revolution?
210

Subcultures
65
Experiments in Happiness Life and Love in New Culture China
69
New Classes New Opportunities
70
Print Commerce and Culture
76
Love Labour and Liberty
77
Ask Taofen
80
The May Fourth Entrepreneur
90
Saving the Nation Making a Profit
93
End of an Era?
99
Goodbye Confucius New Culture New Politics
102
Iconoclasm
108
Goodbye Confucius?
110
Chinas Road to Nationalism
117
Internationalism Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism
123
Looking East in Europe
127
Thinking Beyond Europe
129
Japans Promise Japans Menace
133
Party Politics
134
The Communists
135
The Nationalists
138
Nationalists and Communists United and Divided
142
The Question of Woman
146
Goodbye May Fourth?
149
AFTERSHOCK
153
A Land of Death Darkness over China
155
China Changes Shape 19317
157
The Choices of the May Fourth Generation
163
China Falls Apart 193745
167
The Cold War and the Cultural Revolution
214
Life and Death during the Red Guard Period
217
Changing the Guard
226
May Fourth or Not?
230
The Cold War and the Romance of Technology
233
Red Black Men Women
238
A Strange May Fourth
240
Ugly Chinamen and Dead Rivers Reform and the New May Fourth
244
The Late Cold War
246
Life and Liberty in the New Era
248
Jumping into the Sea of the New Society
255
What Sort of Crisis?
258
The Culture Fever Debates
260
The Ugly Chinaman and Heshang
262
The Different Crises
269
Tiananmen and the End of an Era
272
Towards Chinese Democracy?
280
Learning to Let Go The May Fourth Legacy in the New Millennium
285
The Two Cities Revisited
289
Coping with the Past
295
New Thinking
301
Across the Straits
305
Searching for a New Story
308
Guide to Further Reading
315
Notes
325
Index
345
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關於作者 (2004)

Rana Mitter is University Lecturer in the History and Politics of Modern China at the University of Oxford, and Fellow of St Cross College. He is the author of The Manchurian Myth: Nationalism, Resistance, and Collaboration in Modern China (2000) and co-editor (with Patrick Major) of Across the Blocs: Cold War Cultural and Social Histories (2003). He has broadcast on topics to do with ancient and modern China and Japan on History Channel television documentaries and on radio.

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