The Cohesion of Oppression: Clientship and Ethnicity in Rwanda, 1860-1960Columbia University Press, 1988 - 322 頁 Revolutions are often seen in terms of a spontaneous burst of intense political activity; less attention usually is given to the structures, processes, and perceptions that make such activity possible. This innovative book examines such long-term transformations as they relate to the revolution in the Central African nation of Rwanda, which culminated in its independence in July 1962. While much of the previous work on Rwanda has focused on the royal court and central state institutions, The Cohesion of Oppression instead focuses on politics outside the central heartland. Adopting a "view from below," it explores the interaction of central and local power bases and delineates the transformations introduced into the system by German and Belgian colonial policies that consciously sought to bolster one ethnic group as agents of colonial administration. In the three years before independence, violent conflict in Rwanda resulted in the abolition of the monarchy, the expulsion of the ruling Tuutsi ethnic group from power, and the installation of rival Hutu authorities to take control of a presidential regime with an elected Assembly. While basic Rwandan cultural norms persisted during and after the revolution, significant alterations had taken place in the locus of political power and social categories that had access to high office. This book considers both the internal and the non-Rwandan influences that substantially affected these alterations but concentrates on the former, since such an approach has in general been more neglected. |
內容
The Social Preconditions of Revolution | 1 |
Early Contacts | 23 |
State and Society under Rwabugiri | 38 |
Dual Colonialism | 53 |
3883 | 59 |
53 | 70 |
The Changing Status of Corporate Kin Groups | 95 |
The Transformation of Client Institutions | 117 |
Modern Kinyaga | 219 |
Note on Methods and Sources | 227 |
Chronology of the Kings of Rwanda | 229 |
Genealogies of Rwanteri and Nyarwaya | 230 |
NonUbuhake Transfers of Cattle | 231 |
List of Informants | 233 |
Notes | 243 |
Glossary | 294 |
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常見字詞
Abadegede Abagesera Abakagara Abanyiginya Abapari Abashambo Abasinga Abeega Abiiru African akazi APROSOMA areas authority autonomy Belgian administration Bugarama Bukavu Bukunzi Burundi Busoozo Butare cattle clientship central chiefs central court central Rwanda changes chiefdom clan Congo corvée Cyangugu Cyesha Cyirima d'Hertefelt economic elections ethnic European Gisaka Gisenyi hill chief Historique et chronologie Hutu Hutu leaders igikingi Ijwi Impara important Kabgayi Kagame Kamembe Kibuye Kigali king Kinyaga l'administration du R-U labor Lake Kivu land clientship later lineage head Maquet Mibirizi Mission Musinga Ndorwa Ntiizimira nyagans Nyamasheke Nyamirundi Nyankiiko Nyarugabo PARMEHUTU patron-client percent political population Prefecture prestations province provincial chief Rapport sur l'administration recruitment region reign role royal court Ruanda-Urundi Rucunshu rural Rusizi River Rwabugiri Rwagataraka rwandaise Rwanteri Rwidegembya Seekabaraga Shangi social army status subchiefdom subchiefs Territoire de Shangugu Tuutsi Tuutsi chiefs Ubuhake client ubuhake clientship ubureetwa umuheto umuheto chief umuheto patron Umwami workers Zaïre