Preventive Negotiation: Avoiding Conflict EscalationI. William Zartman Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2001 - 336 頁 Negotiation lies at the core of preventive diplomacy. This study is unusual in approaching preventive diplomacy by issue areas: it looks at the way in which preventive negotiation has been practiced, notes its characteristics, and then suggests how lessons can be transferred from one area to another, but only when particular conditions warrant such a transfer. The distinguished contributing authors treat eleven issues: boundary problems, territorial claims, ethnic conflict, divided states, state disintegration, cooperative disputes, trade wars, transboundary environmental disputes, global natural disasters, global security conflicts, and labor disputes. The editor's conclusion draws out general themes about the nature of preventive diplomacy. |
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第 31 頁
... involved . The Bonilla - Gomez boundary treaty was signed between Honduras and Nicaragua in 1894. A mixed commission was set up to solve problems involved in the implementation of the agree- ment , but it was not able to settle all of ...
... involved . The Bonilla - Gomez boundary treaty was signed between Honduras and Nicaragua in 1894. A mixed commission was set up to solve problems involved in the implementation of the agree- ment , but it was not able to settle all of ...
第 309 頁
Avoiding Conflict Escalation I. William Zartman. Involved parties therefore need to be awakened to the need to share ... involved in both the challenge and the response . The relevant public has to join in — or even precede - official ...
Avoiding Conflict Escalation I. William Zartman. Involved parties therefore need to be awakened to the need to share ... involved in both the challenge and the response . The relevant public has to join in — or even precede - official ...
第 310 頁
... involved in pre- ventive action , and committed to sidelining hard - liners who could use con- frontation to reinforce their position . In many types of dangers , an additional motivation to prevention is to avoid giving extremists an ...
... involved in pre- ventive action , and committed to sidelining hard - liners who could use con- frontation to reinforce their position . In many types of dangers , an additional motivation to prevention is to avoid giving extremists an ...
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Abkhazia achieve agreement Ajaria arms control attitudes autonomy bargaining boundary conflicts Chechen Chechnya Cold War communal conflict prevention confrontation cooperation costs countries Crimea crisis developed disputes East economic effective efforts emerging environmental escalation ethnic flict forces GATT Georgian Germany global gotiations identity Institute integrity interests International involved labor leaders LTTE major managed mediation ment military missile Moldovan Moscow multilateral NATO norms North Korea North Yemen nuclear weapons Organization OSCE outcome ozone pacting parties peace process political potential President preventive action preventive diplomacy preventive negotiations problem regime region relations relationship Republic role Russian Federation settlement situation Sjöstedt social solution Soviet Union stakeholders stakes strategies tactics talks Tatar Tatarstan tensions territorial claims threat tion tional trade war trade wars transboundary Transdniestria treaty U.S.-Soviet Ukraine Ukrainian unification United University Press violence Washington West West Germany William Zartman World Yemen York