A BILL TO FROMOTE WORLD PEACE AND THE THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA JUNE 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, AND 23, 1949 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs Hon. James C. Webb, Under Secretary of State, Department of State. Dr. Edgar A. J. Johnson, Director, Korean Program, Economic Mr. Niles Bond, Assistant Chief, Division of Northeast Asian Affairs, Maj. Gen. Charles G. Helmick, former Deputy Military Governor of Mr. John M. Allison, Deputy Director, Office of Far Eastern Affairs, 24 222 223 335 39 Mr. Philander P. Claxton, Jr., Office of Far Eastern Affairs, Depart- 84 Mr. Wilhelin Anderson, Deputy for Operations, Economic Cooperation 87 Mr. Wilhelm Anderson, Deputy for Operations, Economic Cooperation 101 Mr. Stanley Temko, Office of the General Counsel, Economic Coop- 104 Hon. James C. Webb, Under Secretary of State, Department of State Mr. W. W. Butterworth, Director, Far Eastern Affairs Division, Dr. Edgar A. J. Johnson, Director, Korean Program, Economic Co- Brig. Gen. T. S. Timberman, Chief, Operations Group, Plans and Operations Division, Office Chief of Staff, Department of the Army Mr. Philander P. Claxton, Jr., Office of Far Eastern Affairs, Depart- Dr. Edgar A. J. Johnson, Director, Korean Program, Economic Co- Rear Admiral E. T. Wooldridge, Office, Chief of Naval Operations, Brig. Gen. P. M. Hamilton, Chief of Policy Division, Directorate of Hon. Dean Acheson, Secretary of State, Department of State... STATEMENTS SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD Statement on proposed basis on which assistance will be furnished to the Republic of Korea, submitted by Dr. Edgar A. J. Johnson, Director, Korean Program, Economic Cooperation Administration _ _ Chronological development of ECA program for economic aid to Korea, fiscal year 1950, submitted by Dr. Edgar A. J. Johnson, Director, Korean Program, Economic Cooperation Administration - Article from Time Magazine, June 20, 1949, entitled "Korea Temporary Statement on history of the China Aid Program, submitted by Brig. Gen. T. S. Timberman, Chief, Operations Group, Plans and Operations Divi- Statement on sale of military supplies by Department of the Army in accordance with China Aid Act of 1948, submitted by Brig. Gen. T. S. Timberman, Chief, Operations Group, Plans and Operations Division, TABLES INCLUDED IN THE RECORD 195-197 Dollar value of aid furnished to Korea by the United States, for fiscal years CHARTS INCLUDED IN THE RECORD Delivery of electric power by source, South Korea.. Anthracite coal production, South Korea. Anthracite coal production and bituminous coal imports, South Korea. Production of cotton cloth in major plants, South Korea- Salt supply, South Korea... Marine products landed, 1932-49, and projection to 1952, South Korea.... Proposed budget fiscal 1950, by projects.. Proposed budget fiscal 1950, detail of principal projects. Objectives of recovery projects, fiscal 1950.. Industrial development in South Korea.. Facing #72 Korea, mineral area (map).... 62 63 64 66 68 69 73 KOREAN AID WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 1949 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Washington, D. C. The committee met, pursuant to call, at 10:45 a. m. in the Foreign Affairs Committee room, United States Capitol, Hon. James P. Richards, presiding. Mr. RICHARDS. The committee will please come to order. As the members of the committee know, the President sent us a message urging economic assistance for Korea. The message will be available later on in the day. It is being printed as House Document No. 212. (The message is as follows:) [H. Doc. No. 212, 81st Cong., 1st sess.] A MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TRANSMITTING RECOMMENDATION THAT THE CONGRESS AUTHORIZE THE CONTINUATION OF ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE TO THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1950 To the Congress of the United States: I recommend that the Congress authorize the continuation of economic assistance to the Republic of Korea for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950. The United States is now providing relief and a small amount of assistance in rehabilitation to the Republic of Korea under Public Law 793, Eightieth Congress. The continuation of that assistance is of great importance to the successful achievement of the foreign-policy aims of the United States. The authority of the present act extends only until June 30, 1949. For this reason legislation is urgently needed and I am hopeful that the Congress may give it early consideration. The people of the United States have long had sympathetic feelings for the Korean people. American missionaries, supported by American churches of many denominations, brought spiritual guidance, education, and medical aid to the Korean people during their 40 years of Japanese bondage. All Americans who have come to know the Korean people appreciate their fierce passion for .freedom and their keen desire to become an independent nation. Early in the war with Japan, it was resolved that Korea should be liberated. In the Cairo declaration of December 1943, the United States joined with the United Kingdom and China to express their determination that in due course Korea should become free and independent. This pledge was reaffirmed in the Potsdam declaration of July 26, 1945, with which the Soviet Union associated itself upon its entrance into the war against Japan in the following month. With our victory over Japan, it was hoped that the Korean Nation would be reborn. Unfortunately, however, only the people of Korea south of the 38° parallel have thus far attained their freedom and independence. The present division of Korea along the 38° parallel was never intended by the United States. The sole purpose of the line along the 38° parallel was to facilitate acceptance by the Soviet and United States forces of the surrender of Japanese troops north and south of that line. Immediately after the completion of the Japanese surrender the United States through direct negotiations with the Soviet Union sought to restore the unity of Korea. |