The Laboring Classes of England: Especially Those Engaged in Agriculture and Manufactures; in a Series of LettersJ. Putnam, 1847 - 168 頁 |
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accidents agricultural allowed apprentices Arkwright attend bill bones boys Bradford called cause cents chil child clean clothing comfortable commenced condition consequence cottages cotton mills counties Cromford Derbyshire districts dren duty employed employment England English factory evil factory cripples factory system families farm farmer feel female flax frame gang-master girls give hands hath hours of labor Kent know my history laboring classes lace Lancashire LETTER London look Lowdham machine machinery Manchester manufac manufacturers master Matlock Baths means mind minder misery morning mother night o'clock operatives overseer parish Parliament persons poor quire reader shuttle Sir Richard Arkwright Sir Robert Peel Smith society spindles spinners spinning spinning mules stand Stockport suffering suppose taken ten hour bill thing Thoms threads tion toil turn wages weaving week weft women wood workhouse Yorkshire young
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第 118 頁 - What are the common wages of labour, depends everywhere upon the contract usually made between those two parties, whose interests are by no means the same. The workmen desire to get as much, the masters to give as little, as possible. The former are disposed to combine in order to raise, the latter in order to lower, the wages of labour.
第 20 頁 - Manchester and the environs to be 230,000, more than one-half of its inhabitants are, therefore, either so destitute or so degraded, as to require the assistance of public charity in bringing their offspring into the world.
第 30 頁 - Cottages generally have only two bed-rooms (with very rare exceptions) ; a great many have only one. The consequence is that it is very often extremely difficult, if not impossible, to divide a family, so that grown-up persons of different sexes — brothers and sisters, fathers and daughters — do not sleep in the same room. Three or four persons not unfrequently sleep in the same bed.
第 54 頁 - A most atrocious instance had been brought before the Court of King's Bench two years ago, in which a number of these boys, apprenticed by a parish in London to one manufacturer, had been transferred to another, and had been found by some benevolent persons in a state of absolute famine. Another...
第 86 頁 - In one mountain school visited by the writer in 1914, the pupils were sitting in rough hoard pews, the boys on one side of the room and the girls on the other.
第 142 頁 - Beyond all sorrow which the wanderer knows, Is that these little pent-up wretches feel; Where the air thick and close and stagnant grows, And the low whirring of the incessant wheel Dizzies the head, and makes the senses reel: There, shut for ever from the gladdening sky, Vice premature and Care's corroding seal Stamp on each sallow cheek their hateful die, Line the smooth open brow, and sink the saddened eye.
第 52 頁 - The custom was for the master to clothe his apprentices, and to feed and lodge them in an 'apprentice house' near the factory; overseers were appointed to see to the works, whose interest it was to work the children to the utmost, because their pay was in proportion to the quantity of work that they could exact. Cruelty was, of course, the consequence...
第 25 頁 - It is with the deepest concern, that upon your again assembling I have to call your attention to the dearth of provisions which prevails in Ireland, and in parts of Scotland.
第 144 頁 - Compelled to toil their youthful lives away: Excessive labour works the Soul's decay — Quenches the intellectual light within — Crushes with iron weight the mind's free play — Steals from us Leisure purer thoughts to win — And leaves us sunk and lost in dull and native sin. XVI Yet in the British senate men rise up, (The freeborn and the fathers of our land!) And, while these drink the dregs of Sorrow's cup, Deny the sufferings of the pining band. With nice-drawn calculations at command They...
第 155 頁 - But the day hath its End. Forth then he hies With jaded, faltering step, and brow of pain; Creeps to that shed, — his Home, — where happy lies The sleeping babe that cannot toil for Gain; Where his remorseful Mother tempts in vain With the best portion of their frugal fare: Too sick to eat — too weary to complain — He turns him idly from the untasted share, Slumbering sinks down unfed, and mocks...