Pathways to Prohibition: Radicals, Moderates, and Social Movement OutcomesDuke University Press, 2003年8月21日 - 344 頁 Strategies for gradually effecting social change are often dismissed as too accommodating of the status quo. Ann-Marie E. Szymanski challenges this assumption, arguing that moderation is sometimes the most effective way to achieve change. Pathways to Prohibition examines the strategic choices of social movements by focusing on the fates of two temperance campaigns. The prohibitionists of the 1880s gained limited success, while their Progressive Era counterparts achieved a remarkable—albeit temporary—accomplishment in American politics: amending the United States Constitution. Szymanski accounts for these divergent outcomes by asserting that choice of strategy (how a social movement defines and pursues its goals) is a significant element in the success or failure of social movements, underappreciated until now. Her emphasis on strategy represents a sharp departure from approaches that prioritize political opportunity as the most consequential factor in campaigns for social change. Combining historical research with the insights of social movement theory, Pathways to Prohibition shows how a locally based, moderate strategy allowed the early-twentieth-century prohibition crusade both to develop a potent grassroots component and to transcend the limited scope of local politics. Szymanski describes how the prohibition movement’s strategic shift toward moderate goals after 1900 reflected the devolution of state legislatures’ liquor licensing power to localities, the judiciary’s growing acceptance of these local licensing regimes, and a collective belief that local electorates, rather than state legislatures, were best situated to resolve controversial issues like the liquor question. "Local gradualism" is well suited to the porous, federal structure of the American state, Szymanski contends, and it has been effectively used by a number of social movements, including the civil rights movement and the Christian right. |
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第 1 到 5 筆結果,共 87 筆
... state constitutions . By swamping the state legislatures with petitions , and by carefully navigating the quagmires of the amendment pro- cess and the party system , the drys forced referenda in eighteen states on whether to include ...
... state constitutional amendments to advocating “ local gradualism , " the strategy which produced greater success in the Progressive Era . Local gradual- ism is " local " in that it initially focuses on local issues before targeting the ...
... state prohibition during the Progressive Era had already done so . In addition , though accelerated by the wartime atmosphere , the Eighteenth Amendment's ratification " was completed suddenly by the actions of twenty - one state ...
... state structure when ac- counting for the origins of the Anti-Saloon League's strategy. Among other things, they have pointed to the widespread adoption of the primary system, the initiative and referendum, and local option after 1880 ...
... state legislatures for a charter or an act which would allow them to control the Demon Rum ; others failed to do so . Anti - liquor activists soon found fault with these provincial methods of shap- ing local liquor policy : the ...
內容
1 | |
2 Churches Lodges and Dry Organizing | 23 |
3 Modular Collective Action in a Federalist System | 65 |
4 Legislative Supremacy and the Definition of Movement Goals | 89 |
5 Political Alignments Party Systems and Prohibition | 122 |
6 The Dynamics of Local Gradualism in the States | 153 |
7 Turning Moderates into Radicals | 182 |
8 Local Gradualism and American Social Movements | 198 |
Notes | 219 |
Selected Bibliography | 301 |
Index | 317 |