Senator FULBRIGHT. Under it, you report directly to the NSC [National Security Council] for policy guidance. I do not quite understand it, I may say, but it reports directly to NSC under No. 7.

Mr. WOOD. Well, the statement is that it shall be an agency under an administrator who shall be under the guidance of the Secretary of State for foreign policy. I do not know that it says so in the plan, but it has been testified that he would take his guidance and direction from the NSC.

Senator FULBRIGHT. That is what I understood.
Senator HUMPHREY. It is a fouled-up one.

Senator SPARKMAN. And be advised by the State Department as to what our foreign policy is.

Senator MANSFIELD. Of course, he could take it or leave it.

The CHAIRMAN. Your motion was to strike out "1958." Senator Sparkman made the suggestion that it be "1956." We have here the evidence that the Department feels it has certain advantages in our foreign policy to have 1958 in. Would you be willing to accept "1956"?

Senator MANSFIELD. NO.

Mr. WOOD. Mr. Chairman, could I point out one thing?

The CHAIRMAN. Yes.

Mr. Wood. In any event, even if you did extend it to 1956 or 1958, this committee and the Congress prior to June 30, 1954, would be considering as has always been the case and, as is required, a renewal or piece of legislation on this subject when the new Congress meets in January or shortly thereafter, and at that time if it were desired to terminate it at 1954 the Congress could still do so if it wished. In other words, this does not grant an extension not subject to the review of the Congress before the date presently mentioned in the law.

MOTION CARRIED TO MAKE THE DATE 1956

Senator HUMPHREY. I do not think you ought to leave it in just 1954. I think you have got to give at least a year's period or some time here to make such adjustments and, I think, no matter how right you may be, Senator Mansfield, in terms of your objective if the law comes out of here, I mean if this amendment comes out of here in 1954, it is going to signal to the whole world that we are through with MSA by 1954. I mean, we were explaining the legal and technical details in our desire for integration into the State Department of these services, but I just do not think that is going to make as much sense as the glaring figure of 1954.

I would be happy with 1955 or 1956, just to give us the shift-over time because, after all, this Congress is going to be through very shortly, and next year you are going to be hard put

Senator MANSFIELD. Senator Humphrey, I can see the other side. I feel that I must insist on 1954, but instead of doing anything, why consider anything at this time when you will have next year to think it over-1954, that date, will still remain.

Mr. Wood. 1954 is in the bill unless it is changed.
Senator FULBRIGHT. Let us leave it as it is.

72-194-77-vol. V-38

Senator GEORGE. All Senator Mansfield is proposing-you do not change that date at all; is that right, Senator Mansfield, you leave it in the law as it stands?

Mr. WOOD. That yould have the effect.

Senator GREEN. What is the law? I move it be changed to 1956. The CHAIRMAN. You move an amendment?

Senator SMITH. I second to change it to 1956.

The CHAIRMAN. There is a motion to the original motion to amend it to 1956. All in favor raise their right hands.

[There was a showing of hands.]

The CHAIRMAN. Six. Contrary?
[There was a showing of hands.]
The CHAIRMAN. Three.

The motion is on the amended motion, and it is amended to 1956, and so ordered.

Senator GEORGE. You will get it stricken out on the floor, Mr. Chairman.

The CHAIRMAN. That is all right; we have done our duty.

Let us go ahead. Is there anything else in that amendment, as to the termination of the program?

OFFSHORE PROCUREMENT

Senator SMITH. How about the italics there? Is there any question about that?

Mr. WOOD. Mr. Chairman, it is most desirable, in line with the Hawker Hunter and long-range production program, that we are developing under the offshore procurement in Europe, particularly, to make it possible that obligations have been entered into properly for these things to actually pay for them even though they may be delivered at a fairly long date after the obligation was entered into, otherwise you get into the problem of cancellation charges, higher costs on the part of people who feel they might have their contracts canceled and there is

The CHAIRMAN. Is there any objection to that language, gentlemen, the amendment on page 16?

Senator MANSFIELD. I move its adoption.

The CHAIRMAN. If there is no objection, so ordered.

EUROPE MIGRATION

All right. Page 17. "There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the President not to exceed $10 million for contributions during the calendar year 1954 to the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration." That speaks for itself.

Senator SPARKMAN. Mr. Chairman, I am very sorry we did not get some evidence on the operation of that institution of that Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration. I may be entirely wrong, but my understanding is it has accomplished very little, if anything.

Mr. Wood. Senator Sparkman, we did have before the committee. Mr. George Warren of the State Department. I guess you were not here.

Senator SPARKMAN. I am sorry I was not here.

Mr. WOOD. I felt-I may be wrong-that those members who were here they can speak better than I can on the subject. I felt he had. a report of very considerable progress and had seen in addition things in the works which, while they will not completely solve this very difficult problem, bids fair to alleviate it very considerably.

It is an intergovernmental committee in which we have joined with a number of other nations, and to which all are contributing to deal with this very difficult problem of the surplus population in Europe. Senator SMITH. They are trying to study other parts of the world, too, where excess population of the world can go. I would hate to see that work stopped. I do not know how effective it has been; it is a very serious point.

1

Mr. WOOD. Mr. Hugh Gibson is doing a very fine job on it. Senator SPARKMAN. I would not want to see it stopped, but I do believe we ought to check into it to make certain that it is doing something.

Mr. WOOD. I can assure you that quite a lot is being done, not as much as we would like to see accomplished.

Senator SPARKMAN. I understood most of it so far had been in the study and planning and designing stage rather than in actual placement.

Mr. WOOD. Senator Sparkman, I am informed that many countries are cooperating in this, and they have been able already to move fairly substantial numbers. There has been a bit of an indigestion in some of the countries receiving these migrants, and it slowed down a little bit lately. This is a most important work, and my impression is that it is be well and skillfully done.

Senator SMITH. I talked to Mr. Gibson before he went back. He was quite ill for a while. He is back now, and I understand the work is going on now. I do not know how effective it is. I think it is terribly important, and I would hate to see it go out.

GIVING AWAY MONEY, MAINTAINING TOO MANY BUREAUS

Senator GEORGE. This is not necessarily going out. This is suggesting that the President be given $10 million for that work and, of course, they are going to get it. I do not think there is a thing to it. We ought not to have it in here at all.

Senator SMITH. I think it ought to be separate legislation.

Senator GEORGE. I do not think we ought to be having anything to do with this question of the migration in Europe between those countries of Europe. That is so remotely connected with the general purpose of rehabilitating these countries, getting them back on their feet-they will do it themselves if it is ever done; they will do it. We are not going to do it. We just are giving money to an organization over there, and you maintain a bureau. That is about all there is to it. I am not going to move to strike it out.

Senator SPARKMAN. Neither am I. I have a big question.

Senator GEORGE. I do not think it is worth a cent, worth a dime. It is just giving away that money and maintaining bureaus all over the world.

1 Director, Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration.

The CHAIRMAN. Why don't you cut the authorization and show that? Why don't you cut it in half and show that?

Mr. WOOD. Mr. Chairman, this is planned-of course, the committee and the Congress govern this-this is planned on the basis of fairly careful estimates that have been worked out by Mr. Gibson and his organization with these other countries.

Senator GEORGE. There is no doubt about that. But, my goodness. you can sit down with all the countries in the continent of Europe. and find all sorts of things to exterminate; cats at a certain given hour and date, and they will all say, "This is fine, and here is what it is going to cost."

The CHAIRMAN. [reading] "Come on, Uncle Sam."

Senator GEORGE [reading]. "Come on, Uncle Sam." There is not a thing to it.

Mr. WOOD. This is not being done only with Uncle Sam's money, Senator George. I can assure you there is a very real contribution being made by other countries to this.

Senator GEORGE. I understand. If this is ever done, if there is migration in those European countries

THE AUTHORIZATION IS HALVED

Senator FULBRIGHT. I will move to make it $5 million.

Senator TOBEY. Second the motion.

Senator GEORGE. I will vote for five; I would vote for one.

The CHAIRMAN. Have you got the amendment?

Senator HICKENLOOPER. Who sits on the board that determines these things? Do the Russians?

Mr. WOOD. No.

Senator GREEN. We probably appoint someone with the rank of Ambassador.

Mr. WOOD. No Russians and no satellites.

Senator HICKENLOOPER. I am greatly concerned with the money we are pouring into these things where the Russians and Iron Curtain country representatives sit on this and do not contribute a nickel and do not contribute to it.

Senator SMITH. Hugh Gibson is on it.

Mr. WOOD. There are no Russians or satellites on this.

Senator GREEN. What proportion of the total cost is $10 million or would it be?

Mr. WOOD. I am speaking from memory-I would like to check it--but I think it is between one-third, as I recall

Senator GREEN. We pay one-third of the total cost?

Mr. WOOD. Of the total cost, I believe so.

Senator, I can find out and correct that in the record if I am wrong, but that is the impression.

Senator GREEN. Did we appoint any officials there and add the cost of their salaries, too, their expenses?

Mr. WOOD. This is run by a board of the nations concerned, and those nations definitely

The CHAIRMAN. If it has got real merit we will take it overthe House will pass it and we will talk it over between us. The

motion is to strike out "10" and insert "5." All in favor signify by raising your right hand.

[There was a showing of hands.]

The CHAIRMAN. Six.

Senator SPARKMAN. I will vote for that.

The CHAIRMAN. Contrary?

[There was a showing of hands.]

The CHAIRMAN. Two.

Senator HICKENLOOPER. I would just as soon cut it all out. Senator SPARKMAN, I said I voted for five with a great deal of reluctance.

OCEAN FREIGHT FOR VOLUNTARY RELIEF

The CHAIRMAN. Now we come to ocean freight. This is Fulbright's baby.

Senator FULBRIGHT. Mr. Chairman, I am not going to argue about this. We have been over this time and again. I merely think they ought to have the discretion only where it is feasible. We argued that, I think, at great length here. It would save money, and I offer that amendment, to add, what was the language, "where feasible," was it not? On the 50-percent clause is the one I had reference to. This is not definite.

Mr. WOOD. This has nothing to do with the 50-percent clause. This is just CARE and some of the voluntary agencies where, since the beginning, the Congress has deemed it wise

Senator FULBRIGHT. I was thinking of the 50-percent that you have to use.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, it is approved-just a minute. Senator HICKENLOOPER. Just a minute, Mr. Chairman. What is the necessity for our paying this freight now. What is the necessity for supporting a lot of these things at the present time? The French are eating better than they did before World War I. Most of these countries are back in an economic situation that is better than they were before World War II.

Senator GREEN. My own experience on some of the people I used to send aid was they said they did not need it any more, so I discontinued it.

Senator FULBRIGHT. Is that all this is, for CARE packages?

Mr. WOOD. CARE packages and things like that, and it is only ocean freight, Senator Fulbright. The amount of voluntary relief packages subject to this subsidy has very greatly decreased as conditions in the world have improved, and it is way down compared to what it was in previous years.

There are still some areas to which benevolent citizens or organizations of this country send these packages.

Senator GEORGE. Benevolent citizens ought to pay this freight. The CHAIRMAN. I pay my freight, don't you?

Senator GEORGE. Yes.

Would this cover shipments into Korea?

Mr. Wood. It might cover shipments of private relief organizations to Korea, China, Burma.

Senator SPARKMAN. What about clothing to Korea?