Pathways to Prohibition: Radicals, Moderates, and Social Movement OutcomesDuke University Press, 2003年8月21日 - 344 頁 Strategies for gradually effecting social change are often dismissed as too accommodating of the status quo. Ann-Marie E. Szymanski challenges this assumption, arguing that moderation is sometimes the most effective way to achieve change. Pathways to Prohibition examines the strategic choices of social movements by focusing on the fates of two temperance campaigns. The prohibitionists of the 1880s gained limited success, while their Progressive Era counterparts achieved a remarkable—albeit temporary—accomplishment in American politics: amending the United States Constitution. Szymanski accounts for these divergent outcomes by asserting that choice of strategy (how a social movement defines and pursues its goals) is a significant element in the success or failure of social movements, underappreciated until now. Her emphasis on strategy represents a sharp departure from approaches that prioritize political opportunity as the most consequential factor in campaigns for social change. Combining historical research with the insights of social movement theory, Pathways to Prohibition shows how a locally based, moderate strategy allowed the early-twentieth-century prohibition crusade both to develop a potent grassroots component and to transcend the limited scope of local politics. Szymanski describes how the prohibition movement’s strategic shift toward moderate goals after 1900 reflected the devolution of state legislatures’ liquor licensing power to localities, the judiciary’s growing acceptance of these local licensing regimes, and a collective belief that local electorates, rather than state legislatures, were best situated to resolve controversial issues like the liquor question. "Local gradualism" is well suited to the porous, federal structure of the American state, Szymanski contends, and it has been effectively used by a number of social movements, including the civil rights movement and the Christian right. |
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... Protestant churches , for one , rhetorically opposed the liquor traffic as resolutely as the maximalist WCTU and Prohibition party . However , their primary function as religious communities deterred them from embracing these groups ...
... Protestant churches could work together on social reform cru- sades was not entirely new ; after all , the American Temperance Society ( and later the American Temperance Union ) had united individual Protestant ministers of various ...
... Protestantism at the turn of the century , in which regularized , official cooperation among churches was seen as nec- essary to building a Christian America . To achieve such cooperation , the Protestant churches advocated the ...
內容
List of Figures ix | 9 |
Use of All Forms of Referendum by the Prohibition Movement | 13 |
Churches Lodges and Dry Organizing | 23 |
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