Pathways to Prohibition: Radicals, Moderates, and Social Movement OutcomesDuke University Press, 2003年8月21日 - 344 頁 Strategies for gradually effecting social change are often dismissed as too accommodating of the status quo. Ann-Marie E. Szymanski challenges this assumption, arguing that moderation is sometimes the most effective way to achieve change. Pathways to Prohibition examines the strategic choices of social movements by focusing on the fates of two temperance campaigns. The prohibitionists of the 1880s gained limited success, while their Progressive Era counterparts achieved a remarkable—albeit temporary—accomplishment in American politics: amending the United States Constitution. Szymanski accounts for these divergent outcomes by asserting that choice of strategy (how a social movement defines and pursues its goals) is a significant element in the success or failure of social movements, underappreciated until now. Her emphasis on strategy represents a sharp departure from approaches that prioritize political opportunity as the most consequential factor in campaigns for social change. Combining historical research with the insights of social movement theory, Pathways to Prohibition shows how a locally based, moderate strategy allowed the early-twentieth-century prohibition crusade both to develop a potent grassroots component and to transcend the limited scope of local politics. Szymanski describes how the prohibition movement’s strategic shift toward moderate goals after 1900 reflected the devolution of state legislatures’ liquor licensing power to localities, the judiciary’s growing acceptance of these local licensing regimes, and a collective belief that local electorates, rather than state legislatures, were best situated to resolve controversial issues like the liquor question. "Local gradualism" is well suited to the porous, federal structure of the American state, Szymanski contends, and it has been effectively used by a number of social movements, including the civil rights movement and the Christian right. |
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... Significantly , an ASL leader later credited Georgia with blazing the way " with a plan that accorded with the true American principle of local self - government " when it adopted local option in 1885.176 176 Furthermore , early league ...
... Significantly , the move- ment's focus on local issues has allowed it to survive an unsympathetic White House , as well as the national media's premature forecasts of its decline . For instance , some analysts blamed the Christian Right ...
... Significantly , several international Templars later joined the World's WCTU , including Margaret Bright Lucas , Mary Jane Scott Farnham , Sarah Galt Elwood McKee , Katie H. R. Findlay Stuart , and Emma Stockwell Price . 130 During the ...
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List of Figures ix | 9 |
Use of All Forms of Referendum by the Prohibition Movement | 13 |
Churches Lodges and Dry Organizing | 23 |
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