28. ADDITIONAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON THE PEACEFUL USES OF ATOMIC ENERGY AND CONTINUED NEGOTIATIONS FOR AN INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY: Resolution 912 (X) of the United Nations General Assembly, December 3, 1955 2

The General Assembly,

Desiring that mankind should be enabled to make the fullest use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes,

Desiring to promote energetically the use of atomic energy to the end that it will serve only the peaceful pursuits of mankind and ameliorate their living conditions,

1 This table, based on a list in Mr. Patterson's report, has been revised and enlarged to include all bilateral agreements initialed or signed in 1955. The agreements with Belgium, Canada, and the United Kingdom were not initialed prior to signature. All agreements entered into force on date of signature with the following exceptions: Netherlands, Dec. 30, 1955; Japan, Dec. 27, 1955; United Kingdom, Canada, and Belgium, July 21, 1955.

2 U.N. General Assembly, Official Records, Tenth Session, Supplement No. 19 (A/3116), pp. 4-5.

Recognizing the deep interest of all Members of the United Nations in achieving these ends,

Recalling its resolution 810 (IX) of 4 December 1954 concerning international co-operation in developing the peaceful uses of atomic energy, and recognizing that, in accordance with that resolution, significant progress is being made in promoting international co-operation for this purpose,

Having considered the report (A/2967) of the Secretary-General, submitted pursuant to paragraph 8 of section B of the above-mentioned resolution, on the International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy held in Geneva from 8 to 20 August 1955,

Recognizing the necessity of ensuring that the facilities of the International Atomic Energy Agency and such fissionable material as may be placed at its disposal are not used for, or diverted to, other than peaceful purposes,

Believing that continuing international co-operation is essential for further developing and expanding the peaceful uses of atomic

energy,

A

CONCERNING INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON THE PEACEFUL USES

OF ATOMIC ENERGY

1. Expresses its satisfaction with the proceedings of the International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy convened in accordance with General Assembly resolution 810 (IX), and commends the participants therein for the high scientific quality of the papers and discussions, and for the spirit of co-operation which prevailed at the Conference;

2. Notes the impressive results achieved by the Conference in facilitating the free flow of scientific knowledge relating to the production and peaceful uses of atomic energy and in laying a foundation for the fuller exchange of information on the development of atomic energy for the aims of human welfare;

3. Expresses its appreciation of the work of the Secretary-General and of the Advisory Committee established under paragraph 5 of section B of resolution 810 (IX) in preparing and organizing the Conference;

4. Recommends that a second international conference for the exchange of technical information regarding the peaceful uses of atomic energy should be held under the auspices of the United Nations in two to three years time;

5. Requests the Secretary-General, acting upon the advice of the Advisory Committee referred to in paragraph 7 of section A of the present resolution and in consultation with the appropriate specialized agencies, to determine an appropriate place and date, to issue invitations to the conference in accordance with paragraphs 3 and 7 of section B of resolution 810 (IX), to prepare and circulate an agenda, and to provide the necessary staff and services;

1 Supra, doc. 24.

6. Invites the specialized agencies to consult with the SecretaryGeneral and the Advisory Committee with a view to ensuring proper co-ordination between the conference referred to in paragraph 4 above and such technical conferences as they or their affiliated nongovernmental scientific organizations may convene on the more specialized aspects of the peaceful uses of atomic energy;

7. Decides to continue the Advisory Committee established under paragraph 5 of section B of resolution 810 (IX) in order that it may assist the Secretary-General in carrying out the provisions of the present resolution.

B

CONCERNING AN INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY

1. Notes with satisfaction that substantial progress has been made toward negotiation of a draft statute establishing an International Atomic Energy Agency and that this draft has been circulated to Governments for their consideration and comment; 1

1

2. Welcomes the announced intention of Governments sponsoring the Agency to invite all States Members of the United Nations or members of the specialized agencies to participate in a conference on the final text of the statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency;

3. Further welcomes the extension of invitations to the Governments of Brazil, Czechoslovakia, India and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to participate, as Governments concerned, with the present sponsoring Governments in negotiations on the draft statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency;

4. Recommends that the Governments concerned take into account the views expressed on the Agency during the present session of the General Assembly, as well as the comments transmitted directly by Governments, and that they take all possible measures to establish the Agency without delay, bearing in mind the provisions of the present resolution;

5. Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Advisory Committee referred to in paragraph 7 of Section A of the present resolution, to study the question of the relationship of the International Atomic Energy Agency to the United Nations, and to transmit the results of their study to the Governments concerned before the conference referred to in paragraph 2 of section B above is convened; 6. Requests the Governments concerned to report to the General Assembly as appropriate;

7. Suggests that the International Atomic Energy Agency, when established, consider the desirability of arranging for an international periodical devoted to the peaceful uses of atomic energy.

1 For text of Draft Statute, see Department of State Bulletin, Oct. 24, 1955, pp. 666-672. The text was circulated by the U.S. to other members of the U.N. and the specialized agencies on Aug. 22, 1955.

29. EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION: Resolution 913 (X) of the United Nations General Assembly, December 3, 19551

The General Assembly,

Recognizing the importance of, and the widespread attention being given to, problems relating to the effects of ionizing radiation upon man and his environment,

Believing that the widest distribution should be given to all available scientific data on the short-term and long-term effects upon man and his environment of ionizing radiation, including radiation levels and radio-active "fallout",

Noting that studies of this problem are being conducted in various countries,

Believing that the peoples of the world should be more fully informed on this subject,

1. Establishes a scientific Committee consisting of Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, India, Japan, Mexico, Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and requests the Governments of these countries each to designate one scientist, with alternates and consultants as appropriate, to be its representative on this Committee; 2. Requests the Committee:

(a) To receive and assemble in an appropriate and useful form the following radiological information furnished by States Members of the United Nations or members of the specialized agencies:

(i) reports on observed levels of ionizing radiation and radioactivity in the environment;

(ii) reports on scientific observations and experiments relevant to the effects of ionizing radiation upon man and his environment already under way or later undertaken by national scientific bodies or by authorities of national Governments; (b) To recommend uniform standards with respect to procedures for sample collection and instrumentation, and radiation counting procedures to be used in analyses of samples;

(c) To compile and assemble in an integrated manner the various reports, referred to in sub-paragraph (a) (i) above, on observed radiological levels;

(d) To review and collate national reports, referred to in subparagraph (a) (ii) above, evaluating each report to determine its usefulness for the purposes of the Committee;

(e) To make yearly progress reports and to develop by 1 July 1958, or earlier if the assembled facts warrant, a summary of the reports received on radiation levels and radiation effects on man and his environment together with the evaluations provided for in sub

1 U.N. General Assembly, Official Records, Tenth Session, Supplement No. 19 (A/3116), p. 5.

paragraph (d) above and indications of research projects which might require further study;

To transmit from time to time, as it deems appropriate, the documents and evaluations referred to above to the Secretary-General for publication and dissemination to States Members of the United Nations or members of the specialized agencies;

3. Requests the Secretary-General to provide the Committee with appropriate assistance in organizing and carrying on its work, and to provide a secretary of the Committee;

4. Calls upon all concerned to co-operate in making available reports and studies relating to the short-term and long-term effects of ionizing radiation upon man and his environment and radiological data collected by them;

5. Requests the specialized agencies to concert with the Committee concerning any work they may be doing or contemplating within the sphere of the Committee's terms of reference to assure proper coordination;

6. Requests the Secretary-General to invite the Government of Japan to nominate a scientist, with alternatives and consultants as appropriate, to be its representative on the Committee;

7. Decides to transmit to the Committee the records of the proceedings of the General Assembly on the present item.

G. CONSIDERATION OF METHODS OF DISARMAMENT INSPECTION, 1955

30. AERIAL INSPECTION OF MILITARY INSTALLATIONS: Proposal by the President of the United States at the Geneva Conference of Heads of Government, July 21, 19551

Disarmament is one of the most important subjects on our agenda. It is also extremely difficult. In recent years the scientists have discovered methods of making weapons many, many times more destructive of opposing armed forces-but also of homes and industries and lives-than ever known or even imagined before. These same scientific discoveries have made much more complex the problems of limitation and control and reduction of armament.

After our victory as allies in World War II, my country rapidly disarmed. Within a few years our armament was at a very low level. Then events occurred beyond our borders which caused us to realize that we had disarmed too much. For our own security and to safeguard peace we needed greater strength. Therefore we proceeded to rearm and to associate with others in a partnership for peace and for mutual security.

1 Department of State Bulletin, Aug. 1, 1955, pp. 173-174.