as amended, subject to coordination, direction, and supervision by the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration.

(b) The Secretary of Defense shall keep the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration fully and currently informed of all matters, including prospective action, relating to the establishment of priorities under section 506 (b) and the furnishing of military items under section 506 (c) of the Mutual Security Act of 1951, as amended.

SEC. 103. Aid to Palestine refugees. (a) Subject to subsection (b) of this section, the functions transferred to the President by section 6 of the Reorganization Plan No. 7 of 1953 are hereby delegated to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration.

(b) The Secretary of State shall be responsible for making the United States contribution to the United Nations under the United Nations Palestine Refugee Aid Act of 1950. The Secretary of State shall also be responsible for formulating and presenting, with the assistance of the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration, the policy of the United States with respect to aid to Palestine refugees and for representing the United States in the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.

SEC. 104. Successor agencies. (a) Except as may be otherwise provided in this order, the Foreign Operations Administration and the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration are hereby made the successors, respectively, of the Mutual Security Agency and the Director for Mutual Security.

(b) Except in instances wherein the provisions concerned are for any reason inapplicable as of the effective date of Reorganization Plan No. 7 of 1953,2 each reference in any prior Executive order to the Mutual Security Agency or the Director for Mutual Security is hereby amended to refer to the Foreign Operations Administration and the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration, respectively.

(c) Without limiting the application of section 104 (b) of this order, the amendments made thereby shall apply, subject to the provisions of the said section 104 (b), to prior references to the Director for Mutual Security and the Mutual Security Agency in (1) Executive Order No. 10159 of September 8, 1950 (15 F. R. 6103),3 as amended, (2) sections 7 and 9 of Executive Order No. 10300 of November 9, 1951 (16 F. R. 11203), as amended, (3) Executive Order No. 10380 of August 2, 1952 (17 F. R. 7107), and (4) Executive Order No. 10458 of June 1, 1953 (18 F. R. 3159).5

4

SEC. 105. Redelegation. The functions delegated to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration by the provisions of this Part shall be deemed to include the authority to redelegate the func tions so delegated.

1 Supra, pp. 2256-2257.

I.e., Aug. 1, 1953.

Supra, doc. 7.

Supra, doc. 10.

5 Supra.

PART II. FOREIGN INFORMATION

SEC. 201. Informational media guaranties. The United States Information Agency is hereby designated as the agency of the Government which shall on and after the effective date of this order exercise the authority to make informational media guaranties under section 111 (b) (3) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended (22 U. S. C. 1509 (b) (3)), and section 536 of the Mutual Security Act of 1951, as amended, and to administer such guaranties made prior to the effective date of this order. The Director of the Foreign Operations Administration, after consultation with the Director of the United States Information Agency, shall fix (and may from time to time revise) an amount representing that portion of the limitation prescribed by section 111 (b) (3) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended, which may be utilized by the Director of the United States Information Agency for informational media guaranties, including the liquidation of obligations outstanding under such guaranties as of the effective date of this order.

SEC. 202. Information regarding technical cooperation. The United States Information Agency shall publicize abroad the activities carried on under the Act for International Development. Executive Order No. 10159 of September 8, 1950 (15 F. R. 6103), as amended, is hereby further amended accordingly.

PART III. PROCEDURES FOR COORDINATION ABROAD

SEC. 301. Functions of the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission. (a) The Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission in each country, as the representative of the President, shall serve as the channel of authority on foreign policy and shall provide foreign policy direction to all representatives of United States agencies in such country.

(b) The Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission in each country, as the representative of the President and acting on his behalf, shall coordinate the activities of the representatives of United States agencies (including the chiefs of economic and technical assistance missions, military assistance advisory groups, foreign information staffs, and other representatives of agencies of the United States Government) in such country engaged in carrying out programs under the Mutual Security Act of 1951, as amended, programs under the Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951, and the programs transferred by section 2 of Reorganization Plan No. 8 of 1953; and he shall assume responsibility for assuring the unified development and execution of the said programs in such country. More particu larly, the functions of each Chief of United States Diplomatic Mission shall include, with respect to the programs and country concerned: (1) Exercising general direction and leadership of the entire effort.

1 For the establishment of the United States Information Agency, see infra, pp. 3184-3186.

2 Supra, doc. 6.

3

Infra, pp. 3184-3185.

(2) Assuring that recommendations and prospective plans and actions of representatives of United States agencies are effectively coordinated and are consistent with and in furtherance of the established policy of the United States.

(3) Assuring that the interpretation and application of instructions received by representatives of United States agencies from higher authority are in accord with the established policy of the United States.

(4) Guiding the representatives of United States agencies in working out measures to prevent duplication in their efforts and to promote the most effective and efficient use of all United States officers and employees engaged on the aforesaid programs.

(5) Keeping the representatives of United States agencies fully informed as to current and prospective United States policies.

(6) Prescribing procedures governing the coordination of the activities of representatives of United States agencies, and assuring that these representatives shall have access to all available information essential to the accomplishment of their prescribed duties.

(7) Preparing and submitting such reports on the operation and status of the programs referred to in the preamble of this section 301 (b) as may be requested of the Secretary of State by the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration and the Director of the United States Information Agency, respectively.

(8) Recommending the withdrawal from the country of United States personnel whenever in his opinion the interests of the United States warrant such action.

(c) Each Chief of United States Diplomatic Mission shall perform his functions under this Part in accordance with instructions from higher authority and subject to established policies and programs of the United States. Only the President and the Secretary of State shall communicate instructions directly to the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission.

(d) No Chief of United States Diplomatic Mission shall delegate any function conferred upon him by the provisions of this Part which directly involves the exercise of direction, coordination, or authority.

SEC. 302. Referral of unresolved matters. The Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission in each country shall initiate steps to reconcile any divergent views arising between representatives of United States agencies in the country concerned with respect to programs referred to in the preamble of section 301 (b) hereof. If agreement cannot be reached the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission shall recommend a course of action, and such course of action shall be followed unless a representative of a United States agency requests that the issue be referred to the Secretary of State and the United States agencies concerned for decision. If such a request is made, the parties concerned shall promptly refer the issue for resolution prior to taking action at the country level.

SEC. 303. Effect of order on representatives of United States agencies. (a) All representatives of United States agencies in each country

shall be subject to the responsibilities imposed upon the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission in such country by section 507 of the Mutual Security Act of 1951, as amended, and by this Part. (b) Subject to compliance with the provisions of this Part and with the prescribed procedures of their respective agencies, all representa tives of United States agencies affected by this Part (1) shall have direct communication with their respective agencies and with such other parties and in such manner as may be authorized by their respective agencies, (2) shall keep the respective Chiefs of United States Diplomatic Missions and each other fully and currently informed on all matters, including prospective plans, recommendations, and actions, relating to the programs referred to in the preamble of section 301 (b) hereof, and (3) shall furnish to the respective Chiefs of United States Diplomatic Missions, upon their request, documents and information concerning the said programs.

PART IV. GENERAL PROVISIONS

SEC. 401. Coordination of foreign policy. The Secretary of State, the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration, and the Direc tor of the United States Information Agency shall establish and maintain arrangements which will insure that the programs under the supervision of the latter two officials are carried out in conformity with the established foreign policy of the United States.

SEC. 402. Transfer of personnel, property, records, and funds. So much of the personnel, records, property, and unexpended balances offappropriations, allocations, and other funds, available to any officer or agency where to there is delegated or assigned immediately prior to the taking effect of this Executive order any function which by this order is otherwise delegated or assigned, as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget determines to relate to the said functions and to be required by the officer or agency whereto the functions concerned are delegated or assigned by this order, for the performance thereof, shall be transferred, consonant with law, to such latter officer or agency. Such further measures and dispositions as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget shall deem to be necessary in order to effectuate the transfers provided for in this section shall be carried out in such manner as he shall direct and by such agencies as he shall designate.

SEC. 403. Prior orders and actions. (a) Executive Order No. 10300 of November 9, 1951 (16 F. R. 11203), as amended, exclusive of sections 7 and 9 thereof, and Executive Order No. 10338 of April 4, 1952 (17 F. R. 3009), are hereby superseded.

(b) Nothing in this order shall affect Executive Order No. 10062 of June 6, 1949, as heretofore amended.

(c) To the extent that any provision of any prior Executive order is inconsistent with the provisions of this order, the latter shall control and such prior provision is amended accordingly.

(d) All orders, regulations, rulings, certificates, directives, agree

1114 Fed. Reg. 2965.

ments, contracts, delegations, determinations, and other actions of any officer or agency of the Government relating to any function affected by this order shall remain in effect except as they are inconsistent herewith or are hereafter amended or revoked under proper authority.

SEC. 404. Definition. As used in this order, the word "functions" embraces duties, powers, responsibilities, authority, and discretion. SEC. 405. Effective date. This order shall become effective on August 1, 1953.

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

E. MUTUAL DEFENSE ASSISTANCE CONTROL PROGRAM, 1951-1955

15. MUTUAL DEFENSE ASSISTANCE CONTROL ACT OF 1951 (BATTLE ACT): Public Law 213 (82d Congress, 1st Session), October 26, 1951 1

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951".

TITLE I-WAR MATERIALS

SEC. 101. The Congress of the United States, recognizing that in a world threatened by aggression the United States can best preserve and maintain peace by developing maximum national strength and by utilizing all of its resources in cooperation with other free nations, hereby declares it to be the policy of the United States to apply an embargo on the shipment of arms, ammunition, and implements of war, atomic energy materials, petroleum, transportation materials of strategic value, and items of primary strategic significance used in the production of arms, ammunition, and implements of war to any nation or combination of nations threatening the security of the United States, including the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and all countries under its domination, in order to (1) increase the national

1 PL 213, 82d Cong. (65 Stat. 644); 22 U. S. C. 1611. Section 2 (b) of Reorganization Plan No. 7 of 1953 (effective Aug. 1, 1953; supra, doc. 12) transferred to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration all functions vested by the Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951 in the Administrator created by that act. Subsequently, the functions under the act were transferred to the Secretary of State by sec. 101 of Ex. Or. No. 10610 (infra, doc. 19). The Secretary of State then redelegated his authority (Department of State Delegation of Authority No. 85, June 30, 1955, 20 Fed. Reg. 4825, as amended by No. 85-1, Oct. 12, 1955, 20 Fed. Reg. 7950) to the Director of the International Cooperation Administration but provided that the Director shall carry out the functions "under the direction and control of the Secretary of State".