Soulstealers: The Chinese Sorcery Scare of 1768Harvard University Press, 1990年1月1日 - 317 頁 Midway through the reign of the Ch’ien-lung emperor, Hungli, in the most prosperous period of China’s last imperial dynasty, mass hysteria broke out among the common people. It was feared that sorcerers were roaming the land, clipping off the ends of men’s queues (the braids worn by royal decree), and chanting magical incantations over them in order to steal the souls of their owners. In a fascinating chronicle of this epidemic of fear and the official prosecution of soulstealers that ensued, Philip Kuhn provides an intimate glimpse into the world of eighteenth-century China. |
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... Evaluations Periodic evaluation of officials has a history as long as that of Chinese government.20 The Manchus inherited the system from the Ming and had installed it even before the conquest.21 By the mid - eighteenth century the ...
... evaluation was called " seeking to accord [ with the desires of one's superiors ] " ( ying - ho ) : that is , currying favor by molding one's judgments to conform to what one believed the boss wanted . This produced ludicrous ...
... evaluations . Now all gov- ernors were to send confidential memorials ( mi - tsou ) “ from time to time . ” Yet to ... evaluation system by collecting secret intelligence through another channel . The trouble was that his agents , in ...