Lord Lytton was at heart an author, and his life is the life of a man of letters. At the age of 15 he made his first appearance in print with a volume, entitled " Ismael, an Oriental Tale: with other Poems." In 1826 he published a volume of miscellaneous poems for private circulation, entitled "Weeds and Wild Flowers:" in this, in a poetic narrative published about this time, O'Neil; or, the Rebel," and in "Falkland," a highlycoloured tale of passion, subsequently suppressed, Byronic influence is very visible. In 1828 he produced “Pelham," his first well-known work; and close upon it the "Disowned." Devereux" followed in 1829; in 1830, Paul Clifford." In 1831 appeared "The Siamese Twins," a satire, but this had little success; and, turning to fiction again, Bulwer produced "Eugene Aram" and "Godolphin." He next, as editor of the New Monthly Magazine (a post in which the poet Campbell had preceded him), turned to criticism, and published in the serial a variety of essays, subsequently collected under the title of "The Student." Other novels, "The Pilgrims of the Rhine," "The Last Days of Pompeii," and "Rienzi, the Last of the Tribunes," followed in quick succession. In 1834, when the King had abruptly dismissed the Whig Ministry, and Sir Robert Peel, then upon his vacation travels, was sent for from Rome to form a new Administration, Mr. Bulwer announced his pamphlet on "The Crisis," of which a single day exhausted the first edition, and fourteen days as many successive reprints. About the same time Bulwer's first play, the "Duchess de la Vallière," was produced, Macready acting the part of the Marquess de Bragelone. The play, however, did not take. "Athens, its Rise and Fall," a fragment, the well-known "Ernest Maltravers," and "Alice, or the Mysteries," were the literary outcome of 1837. Then came another play, the famous "Lady of Lyons." On the evening of its production Bulwer had spoken with brilliant success in Parliament on the ballot; and he arrived at the theatre just in time to hear "author" called with vociferous plaudits. But the drama was produced anonymously, and it was not till its success was assured, a fortnight later, that Sir E. Bulwer answered the response. Richelieu" appeared in 1839; the "Sea Captain" (produced quite recently at a London theatre under the altered title of the "" Rightful Heir") immediately afterwards; "Money" (which was being played in London at the date of his death) was brought out in 1840. Then followed another venture in periodical

en

literature, Bulwer associating himself with Sir David Brewster and Dr. Dionysius Lardner in a scientific publication, the Monthly Chronicle, brought out by Messrs. Longman. It was not a success, and after a few months was discontinued. Night and Morning " and "Zanoni " appeared in 1841 and 1842 respectively. In 1841 Sir Edward lost his seat in Parliament, and travelled in Germany. Here he took to German literature, and translated Schiller. Four years later, and his health seemed to show signs of yielding before his incessant labours. But he was restored by a sojourn at Malvern, his experiences at which seat of hydropathy he embodied in a sparkling volume, "The Confessions of a Water Patient." In 1847 appeared a brilliant series of metrical portraits embodied in the "New Timon -a work in the favourite couplet of Pope and Dryden, and in their manner. In this work it was that Tennyson was satirized as "school-miss Alfred," the poet retorting by describing Bulwer as a "dandy-lion" who "shook a mane papillote," and "the padded man who wears the stays." Meanwhile "Harold" was struck off as a mere side work, while the principal objects of his attention were the poem of " King Arthur" (in which Bulwer took Tennyson's subject) and the immortal "Caxtons." In 1851 appeared the "crown of the edifice," in the shape of "My Novel." In 1859 appeared in Blackwood's Magazine "What will He Do with It ?" in 1862, "A Strange Story," betraying a sneaking kindness towards spiritualism; in 1866, another poem, the "Lost Tales of Miletus;" in 1863, a "Translation of Horace;" and in the same year, Walpole; or, Every Man has his Price." A play, entitled "Not SO Bad as we Seem," was also written for a brilliant band of amateur actors, including Mark Lemon, John Forster, Douglas Jerrold, and Charles Dickens. "Not so Bad as we Seem " was jocularly criticized by Jerrold in a suggestion that it be re-christened "Not so Good as we Expected." "Walpole," the last of his dramas, was an experiment in literature-the form being rhymed Alexandrines, after the French type. Of late years his pen has been less active, and, till very recently, his health bad. Of late years, however, he has written (anonymously) "The Coming Race," and the " Parisians," a set of papers in Blackwood's Magazine. These last he leaves unfinished.

Reviewing the literary works of the late Lord Lytton, the Times says:-"" -"The vigour, wit, and polish of St. Stephen's,' entitle him to high rank in the masculine

school of Dryden and Pope; "The Lost Tales of Miletus' have charmed scholars with their playful fancy, and the translations from Schiller have been vouched by Mr. Carlyle as the versions an English reader should consult who wishes to know the lyrics of the great German author. Those who are most familiar with Lord Lytton's essays are most fond of them, and are most persuaded that they have never received fit recognition. Certain it is, that among the earliest collected of his writings of this kind-The Student' -are some papers of singular power and beauty which have never been adequately appreciated. The author of 'The Lady of Lyons' was flattered by the preference of every actress on the stage for the part of Pauline; and the audience in the most fastidious of our theatres have welcomed 'Money' every night for more than six months past. The whole world knows his fame as an orator and novelist, and remembers the singular range of knowledge and experience upon which he built up his success. We are not poor in parliamentary oratory, yet veterans in the House of Commons confessed that Bulwer's speech on Lord Derby's Reform Bill in 1859 equalled anything they had ever heard at Westminster."

THE HON. AND REV. BAPTIST NOEL.

This well-known Evangelical clergyman, who died on the 19th, was highly esteemed by many religious persons, both in the Established Church and among the Nonconformists. The Hon. and Rev. Baptist Wriothesley Noel was brother to the first Earl of Gainsborough, being a younger son of the late Sir Gerard Noel Noel, of Exton Park, Rutlandshire, by his first wife, Diana, in her own right Baroness Barham, of Barham Court and of Teston, Kent. An elder son of Sir Gerardnamely, Sir Charles Noel, who succeeded his mother in the Barham peerage-was created Earl of Gainsborough in 1841. The subject of this memoir was born on July 16, 1798, so that he was in his 75th year at his death. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he took the usual degrees of Bachelor and Master of Arts. Having assumed holy orders, he became one of the Royal Chaplains and minister of St. John's Chapel, Bedford-row. There he drew together a very numerous audience of the upper classes. But in 1848 arose the celebrated Gorham Case," which disturbed the Church of England and caused a few secessions of its clergy to the Roman

Communion. On the other hand, Mr. Baptist Noel considered that the Church of England, in her sacramental teaching, approached too near to the Church of Rome; he therefore declared himself a Dissenter. From that time he has been connected with the Baptist body; but he was always a warm supporter of most of the leading Evangelical societies, whose cause he has advocated on the platform. Among others, he took an active part in the City Mission. He was a voluminous writer. Besides a variety of sermons on special occasions, Mr. Noel published, in 1848, a volume explaining his grounds for relinquishing his position in the Church of England, under the title of an "Essay on the Union of Church and State." was also the author of an "Essay on the Duty of Englishmen towards the Hindoos," an Essay on the External Act of Baptism," another on "American Freedom and Slavery,” a Comparison between Christianity and Unitarianism," "Notes of a Tour through Switzerland,” and "Notes of a Tour through Ireland,” the last two works bearing date many years ago.

66

GENERAL SIR J. SCOTT, K.C.B.

He

General Sir John Scott, colonel of the 7th Hussars, while riding in Rotten-row on the afternoon of January 18, fell from his horse, which was going at a walking pace, and on being raised was found to be dying. This occurred immediately opposite Knightsbridge Barracks. The general was at once carried into the officers' quarters, and several medical men immediately attended, and pronounced that life was extinct. The late Sir John Scott was the only son of Mr. J. F. Scott, by Mary, daughter of Mr. John Serjeant, of Whitehaven, Cumberland. He was born in 1797, and married in 1829 Alicia, eldest daughter of the Rev. H. Forster Mills, Chancellor of York, and granddaughter of Archbishop Markham. After his rudimentary education at Chiswick he went to Westminster, and in May, 1815, entered the army, and shortly afterwards joined the forces under the Duke of Wellington in Paris. He was subsequently present with the French army, under Marshal Gerard, at the siege of Antwerp, in December, 1832, and, by permission of the marshal, he accompanied the troops upon every occasion during the siege. İn October, 1838, he was appointed to the command of the cavalry of the Division of the Army of the Indus, as brigadier, served in that rank during the campaigns of 1838 and 1839 in Affghanistan, and

was

was present at the attack and capture of Ghuznee. During the latter part of 1839 he commanded a detached column, consisting of the whole of the artillery (except four guns), the cavalry, and one battalion of infantry. This column detached to secure the subjugation of Upper Scinde, and to co-operate with the main column under Sir Thomas Willshire, directed against Khelat. He was also, on December 29, 1843, at the action of Maharajahpore, where he commanded a brigade of cavalry, and also at the battle of Sobraon. Sir John was nominated a Companion of the Order of the Bath for his services in Affghanistan, and an aidede-camp to the Queen after the battle of Sobraon, and in 1865 he was made Knight Commander of the Bath. He had received numerous medals for his services previously to being on the staff in India. He was appointed colonel of the 3rd Dragoon Guards in 1859, till in June, 1866, he was transferred to the colonelcy of the 7th Hussars. As already stated, he entered the army in 1815, and by purchase obtained his lieutenancy in October of the same year; he became captain in June, 1821; and major in November, 1826. For his services in the field he was made lieutenant-colonel in August, 1830, and colonel in June, 1846. He was promoted to the rank of major-general, June 20, 1854; lieutenant-general, October 13, 1860; and general, May 1, 1868.

PROFESSOR SEDGWICK.

This venerable scientific man died on the 25th, in Trinity College, Cambridge. Adam Sedgwick was one of the fathers of geology, and was born at Dent, in Yorkshire, in June, 1784, or, according to another account, in 1785. In due course he was entered at Trinity College, where he took his Bachelor's degree in 1808, being fifth Wrangler. In 1810 he was elected to a Fellowship in his College, of which at his death he was senior member. The degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him. He held one or two college offices in due course, among others that of Vice-Master of Trinity; and in the year 1818 he succeeded Professor Hailstone in the chair of geology founded at Cambridge by Dr. John Woodward. In the same year he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society; he also acted as one of the secretaries of the Cambridge Philosophical Society at its first institution, in 1819, and contributed largely to its "Transactions." He also became a Fellow of the Geological Society of London, and, having served on its council, was elected

to its presidential chair in the years 182930-31, and twice delivered the customary address as President. During more than half a century Professor Sedgwick prosecuted the study of geology with great diligence and success. His published works upon that science are numerous and of high authority. He delivered lectures in the University during fifty years, but was recently compelled by physical infirmity to resign. During his long life the late Professor has compiled many works upon the subject of geology, some of them with the assistance of the late Sir Roderick Murchison. He entered heartily into the work of reforming the studies of the University, and his celebrated "Discourse on the Studies of the University of Cambridge " passed through five editions. As a politician he was a steady Liberal. The last great meeting he attended was two or three years ago, at St. John's College, on the subject of University tests, which have since been abolished. His speech on that occasion will long be remembered. The late Professor, who was in holy orders, was a Canon of Norwich Cathedral, which preferment he had held since 1834.

THE REV. H. VENN.

The Rev. Henry Venn, the venerable honorary secretary of the Church Missionary Society, died at his residence at East Sheen on January 13. Mr. Venn was known as a prominent member of the Evangelical school, though for a long time past he has been but little before the public. He was a Cambridge man, and was nineteenth Wrangler in 1818. He took his M.A. degree in 1821, and became a B.D. in 1828. He was ordained deacon in 1819, and priest in 1821. He was formerly curate of St. Dunstan's-in-theWest, was perpetual curate of Drypool, in Yorkshire, from 1827 to 1834, and incumbent of St. John's, Upper Holloway, from the last-named year to 1846.

February.

MR. B. BROWN.

The death is announced of Mr. Baker Brown, F.R.C.S., who but a few years since was considered one of the most skilful operating surgeons of the age. He sustained many attacks of illness, and lastly was attacked with cerebral paralysis, which ended on February 3 in death

from congestion, caused by the sudden accession of cold weather acting upon a brain already seriously disorganized.

BARON CHANNELL.

We have to record the death of the Right Hon. Sir William Fry Channell, late a Baron of the Court of Exchequer an event which happened at his residence in Clarendon-place, Hyde-park-gardens, on February 26. Deceased, who was in the 68th year of his age, was a son of the late Mr. Pike Channell, of Peckham, Surrey, and was born in the year 1804 or 1805. He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1827, and went the Home Circuit, of which he became the leader on the promotion of Thesiger and Platt. As a junior counsel he enjoyed an extensive practice, and for some years after his promotion to a serjeant's coif, in 1848, he divided with Serjeant Talfourd the leading business in the Court of Common Pleas. He was an able and effective advocate, but stood higher still in respect of legal erudition. In 1857 he succeeded the late Sir Edward H. Alderson as one of the Barons of the Exchequer, on which occasion he received the honour of knighthood. Sir William Channell retired from the bench recently, and it was only a fortnight or three weeks since that he was sworn a Privy Councillor.

graving of "Lady Bowater," by Gainsborough (in the exhibition at the Academy), unfinished. His last complete plate was the portrait of Charles Dickens, after Mr. Frith, R.A., for the second volume of "Mr. Forster's Life." He was elected a member of the Royal Academy in 1836, when he had just completed his line engraving of Lord Byron," after Thomas Phillips, R.A. Among his principal plates were several after Sir George Harvey, P.R.S.A., "The Highland Whisky-Still," after Sir Edwin Landseer; "Cromwell resolving to refuse the Crown," after C. Lucy; "The Slide," after T. Webster, R.A.; the "Origin of the Harp," after Maclise; "The Good Shepherd," and " Madonna," after Murillo; and "Via Dolorosa," after Raphael. In 1866 was exhibited the first of the series of engravings after Gainsborough and Sir Joshua Reynolds, which included "Mrs. Graham," "The Blue Boy,” “Mrs. Lloyd," "Mrs. Siddons," "The Duchess of Devonshire," and "Mrs. Beaufoy." His grandfather was Robert Graves, a well-known printseller, 100 years ago, of Catherine-street, Strand. His father, Robert Graves, was considered the best judge of engravings of his time. He was the eldest brother of Mr. Henry Graves, the well-known print-publisher of Pallmall.

DR. GUTHRIE.

Dr. Guthrie died at St. Leonard's-onSea on February 24, where he arrived for the benefit of his health on the 31st of last month. He died without a struggle, his last moments being most peaceful. Dr. Guthrie was born in 1803 at Brechin, in Forfarshire, where his father was a merchant and banker. He went through the curriculum of study prescribed by the Church of Scotland to candidates for the ministry at the University of Edinburgh, and devoted two additional winters to the study of chemistry, natural history, and anatomy. Meanwhile, he was licensed as a preacher by the Presbytery of Brechin in 1825. He subsequently spent six months in Paris, studying comparative anatomy, chemistry, and natural philo. sophy. Returning to Scotland he for two years conducted on behalf of his family the affairs of a bank agency in Brechin. In 1830, he became minister of Arbirlot, in his native county; and in 1837 was appointed one of the ministers of Old Greyfriars parish in Edinburgh. Here his eloquence, combined with devoted labours to reclaim the degraded population of one of the worst districts of the city, soon won

for him a high place in public estimation. In 1843 Dr. Guthrie joined the Free Church, and ministered to a large and influential congregation in Edinburgh. In 1845-46 he performed a great service to the Free Church, in his advocacy throughout the country of its schemes for providing manses or residences for its ministers. His zeal, however, was not diverted into mere denominational or sectarian channels. He came forward in 1847 as the advocate of Ragged schools; and to him the rapid extension of the system over the kingdom is very much to be ascribed. He also earnestly exerted himself in many ways in opposition to intemperance and other prevailing vices. He possessed great rhetorical talent; and his style was remarkable for the abundance and variety of the illustrations he used. Few public speakers have blended solemnity and deep pathos so intimately with the humorous, his tendency to which was more frequently than anything else pointed out as his fault. He was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland in May, 1862. The deepest interest was manifested as to the condition of the deceased from the moment when it became known that he was so seriously ill, especially in Scotland, from whence a very large number of telegrams have been received.

ADMIRAL W. HOTHAM, K.H.

The death is announced of Admiral William Hotham. He was the eldest son of the late Lieut.-Col. George Hotham, and entered the navy in 1803. In 1806 he was engaged at the defence of Gaeta and the storming of Capri, and in 1809 attended the expedition to Walcheren, taking part in the following year in the siege of Cadiz. In 1813 he participated in the operations against Fiume, Rovigno, and Trieste, during the siege of the citadel of which latter place he served on shore, and displayed an admirable degree of courage and activity. On June 8 of that year he had partial command of the boats at the destruction, near Omago, of a twogun battery and the capture of four vessels laden with wine, and on the following July 7 accompanied a party that stormed, carried, and levelled the fortress of Farasina, mounting five long 18-pounders. From August, 1813, until January, 1814, he commanded a flotilla employed in the river Po, in co-operation with the Austrian army, and was honourably mentioned in the official letters of Captain Rowley to Admiral Fremantle, as well as in a despatch from Count Nugent to Earl

Bathurst, the Secretary of State for War. After his promotion to commander, June, 1814, he was appointed to the "Fervent,' sloop, and afterwards proceeded to Bermuda and the West Indies. The "Fervent" was put out of commission in June, 1815, and Commander Hotham was out of active employment until April, 1824, when he obtained command of the "Sappho," eighteen, fitting for the Halifax station, whence he returned on his advancement to post rank, April 4, 1825. He accepted the half-pay of retirement on October 1, 1846. He became rear-admiral on the retired list in 1853, vice-admiral June 25, 1858, and admiral November 30, 1863. He was appointed a Knight of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order, January 25, 1836.

MR. J. K. HUNTER.

Mr. John Kelso Hunter, whose writings were popular in the North, and among Scotchmen in foreign lands, died at Pollokshields, near Glasgow, on February 3, in the 71st year of his age. He wrote an autobiography under the title of "The Retrospect of an Artist's Life," published in 1868; the success of which encouraged him to bring out in 1870 a volume of "Life Sketches of Character." Mr. Hunter was a self-taught portrait-painter of some merit, and exhi bited a remarkable portrait of himself as a cobbler in the Royal Academy's Exhibition more than a quarter of a century ago.

MR. J. S. LE FANU.

Mr. J. S. Le Fanu, author of "Uncle Silas" and other works of fiction, died in Dublin on February 7. He was between 50 and 60 years of age, and had long suffered from bronchitis. He was a member of the Irish bar, but had never practised. He became connected with the Irish press in early life, and continued occasionally to contribute until 1870. He was also at one time proprietor and editor of the Dublin University Magazine.

March.

COUNT BERNSTORFF.

Ccunt Bernstorff, German Ambassador to the Court of St. James's, who had been in a hopeless condition for some

I