23. Between officers.-a. Out of doors.-On meeting, all officers will salute, except as noted below. The junior officer will salute first, except when the salute is introductory to a report made at a military ceremony or formation, to a representative of a common superior, as for example, to the adjutant or officer of the day, in which case the officer making the report, whatever his rank, will salute first and the officer to whom the report is made will acknowledge, by saluting, that he has received and understood the report.

Salutes will not be required between officers when either is driving a vehicle.

b. Indoors.-The exchange of salutes is not ordinarily required, except that in making or receiving official reports salutes will be rendered as prescribed for out of doors.

24. Between officers and enlisted men.—a. Out of doors.—(1) Salutes will be exchanged between officers and enlisted men upon meeting, passing near, or being addressed, within a military post, camp, or station except when either the officer or enlisted man is

(a) Actively participating in a game.

(b) At mess.

(c) In a public conveyance.

(d) At an assembly for purposes of social diversion or amusement.

(e) Leading an animal or standing "to horse."

(f) The driver of a vehicle in motion, or of an animal-drawn vehicle not in motion, if both hands are required to control the animals attached thereto.

(2) Except as prescribed in training regulations—

(a) An enlisted man in a military formation will not salute unless he is in command thereof.

(b) An officer in a military formation will not be saluted unless he is in command thereof.

(3) Individual enlisted men, armed or unarmed, when in a vehicle, will use the hand salute.

(4) An enlisted man, if seated, except when in a vehicle, will rise upon the approach of an officer, face toward him, stand at "attention," and salute. If the officer remains in the immediate vicinity the salute need not be repeated. Soldiers actually at work will not cease work to salute an officer unless addressed by him.

b. Indoors.

(1) Salutes are not ordinarily exchanged between officers and enlisted men except when addressing each other. An enlisted

man posted as a sentinel will render the salute as prescribed in paragraph 302-i.

(2) When an officer enters a room or tent, except as indicated in (3) and (4) below, in which there is an enlisted man the latter will stand at "attention" and uncover, if not under arms, until the officer indicates otherwise, or leaves the room. When there are two or more enlisted men in the room or tent the first one who observes the entrance of the officer will command "attention" when all will rise, uncover, if not under arms, and remain standing at "attention" until the officer directs otherwise, or leaves the room.

(3) When an officer enters a room or tent used as an office or workshop those at work therein are not required to cease work unless addressed by him. In the transaction of ordinary business between an officer and an enlisted man, seated at work, it is not necessary that the latter rise.

(4) When an officer enters a mess hall or tent enlisted men seated at meals will refrain from eating and remain seated at "attention" until the officer directs otherwise, or leaves the

room.

c. When outside a military post, camp, or station, salutes are not required to be exchanged between officers and enlisted men except when addressing each other.

d. When an enlisted man enters a room where an officer is present he will uncover, if not under arms.

e. Before addressing an officer, an enlisted man will make the prescribed salute. He will also salute upon the termination of an interview with, or upon leaving, an officer.

f. An enlisted man in ranks, if not at "attention," will assume the position of "attention" when directly addressed by an officer.

25. Manner of saluting.—All persons in the military service not in formation salute in the following manner:

a. With arms in hand, the salute prescribed for that arm. b. With no arms in hand, the hand salute. (See par. 246.) c. Troops under arms will salute as prescribed in training regulations.

d. When several officers in company are saluted, all will return it.

e. Except in the field under campaign or simulated campaign conditions, a mounted officer or soldier will dismount before addressing a superior officer not mounted.

f. At formations a command does not change position in order to face toward the music when saluting the national an39854-27-2

them, but remains in position, all members of the command facing toward their original front.

At assemblies in theaters, assembly halls, stadiums, etc., where in order to face toward the music, in saluting the national anthem, it is necessary for individuals to face about or to a flank, officers and enlisted men will face toward their original front.

g. Officers and enlisted men when not in uniform render the salute to the national anthem or to a color (standard) by standing at "attention" uncovered, holding the headdress, if any, over the left breast; when in uniform, indoors and uncovered, they salute the national anthem by standing at "attention."

h. On nonmilitary occasions when civilians participate in a manner determined by some established custom or observe the occasion in some particular way, a military person present, in uniform, should conform to the custom of civilians present.

26. Saluting distance.-Saluting distance is that within which recognition of insignia of rank is easy. In general, it does not exceed 30 paces.

27. Between organizations and detachments.-Organization or detachment commanders will salute officers of higher grades by first bringing the organization or detachment to "attention " and then saluting.

28. At parades and ceremonies.-At parades and other ceremonies, under arms, the command will render the salute prescribed and will remain in the position of salute while the national anthem or "To the color" (standard) is being played. If not under arms, the organization will be brought to "attention" at the first note of the national anthem, or "To the color" (standard), and the salute prescribed rendered by the officer or noncommissioned officer in command.

29. To officers of the Navy, Marine Corps, National Guard, or Organized Reserves.-All persons in the military service at all times and in all situations will pay the same compliments to officers of the Navy and the Marine Corps, and to officers of the National Guard and Organized Reserves, in uniform, as to officers of the Regular Army.

30. With cannon.-a. Salutes with cannon will be fired under charge of commissioned officers, who will be present and direct the firing in accordance with Technical Regulation No. 1360-A. b. When troops are drawn up for the reception of a dignitary, and it is practicable to have a battery of field guns or other mobile artillery detachment on the ground, a salute from it

should form part of the ceremony; otherwise guns in position will be used.

c. Salutes will not be fired between retreat and revielle, or on Sunday, unless required by international courtesy or as prescribed in paragraphs 6 and 7, Army Regulation No. 600-30 (day of funeral of deceased President, ex-President, or Vice President). The national flag will always be displayed at the time of firing a salute.

31. National salutes.-a. The national salute is 21 guns. It is also the salute to a national flag. The salute to the Union, commemorative of the Declaration of Independence and consisting of one gun for each State, will be fired at noon on July 4 at every post provided with suitable artillery.

32. Personal salutes. a. The President, or an.. ex-President, both on arrival at and departure, from a military post, camp, or station, will be rendered a salute of 21 guns. No other personal salute is fired while they are present at the post.

b. The sovereign or chief magistrate of a foreign country and members of a reigning royal family, when officially visiting a military post, camp, or station, will receive the salute prescribed for the President. No salute to a personage of lesser degree will be fired while they are at the post.

c. The Vice President, when officially visiting a military post, camp, or station, will, on arrival, receive a salute of 19 guns. d. When officials other than those named above officially visit military posts, camps, or stations, they will, on arrival, receive salutes as follows:

NINETEEN GUNS

་་་་

Ambassadors, members of the Cabinet, and President pro tempore of the Senate, governors within their respective States, Territories, or foreign possessions, or the Governor General of the Philippine Islands,

SEVENTEEN GUNS '

"

The Chief Justice, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, or a committee of Congress.

The General of the Armies and general.

FIFTEEN GUNS

The Assistant Secretaries of War or the Assistant Secretaries of the Navy, the Vice Governor of the Philippine Islands, and American or foreign envoys or ministers.

Lieutenant general."

༤l » ཉིཊྛ་

THIRTEEN GUNS,

Ministers resident accredited to the United States.
Major general.

Chargés d'affaires.

ELEVEN GUNS

Consuls general accredited to the United States.
Brigadier general.

e. As a rule the firing of a personal salute should begin at the time the person entitled to it enters the post, camp, or station, and when he leaves, if he is entitled to a salute on departure.

When a person entitled to a salute arrives at a post between retreat and reveille, or on Sunday, the salute will be fired at the first available opportunity thereafter.

f: When several persons, each of whom is entitled to a salute, arrive together at a post, camp, or station, only the highest in rank or position will be saluted. If they arrive successively, each in turn will be saluted, except that on the arrival of a junior while a senior is present at the post the senior will be notified prior to the firing of a salute to a junior. When a general officer visits a post within his command, the troops will be paraded for review, unless he directs otherwise.

g. A retired general officer making an official visit is saluted according to his rank.

h. Personal salutes at the same place and in compliment to the same person, whether civil, diplomatic, military, or naval, are never to be fired more often than once in any calendar year, unless in the meantime such person has been advanced in rank.

i. Officers of the Navy are saluted according to their relative rank; officers of the Marine Corps and of the National Guard in the service of the United States and officers of the Organized Reserves and officers of foreign services will be saluted according to their rank.

j. An officer, whether civil, military, or naval, holding two or more positions, either of which entitles him to a salute, will receive only the salute due to the highest grade. In no event is the same person to be saluted in more than one capacity. 33. On Memorial Day.-On Memorial Day, May 30, at all Army posts, camps, and stations the national flag will be displayed at halfstaff from reveille until midday, and immediately before noon the band or field music will play some