Compilation of certain published infor- Individual views of certain members ᎡᎡ Individual views of Senator Henry SS TT UU VV WW Individual views of Senator Wayne Letter from Secretary of Defense to chairman of the Committee on' Letter from Acting Secretary of De- fense to Chairman of Committee on APPENDIXES APPENDIX A (Referred to on p. 110) EXCERPT FROM UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY, FIFTH SESSION, OFFICIAL RECORDS, 294TH PLENARY MEETING, SATURDAY, 7 OCTOBER 1950, AT 10:45 A. M., PAGE 230, SIR BENEGAL N. RAU (INDIA) SPEAKING: "49. Whatever may be the strict technical interpretation of this clause, it has been widely regarded as authorizing, if not positively, at least by implication, the United Nations forces to enter North Korea, and to remain there until the unification of Korea has been completed and stability achieved. If such is the intention of the draft resolution-and there is a widespread impression that it is-then the draft resolution authorizes the United Nations forces not only to cross the 38th parallel but to remain in North Korea for a somewhat indefinite period of time, because no one knows how long unification may take. "50. My government fears that the result may be to prolong North Korean resistance, and even to extend the area of conflict. Our fears may turn out to be wrong, but each government has to judge the situation upon the best information at its disposal and to act accordingly. Thus we view with the gravest misgivings the particular recommendation that I have mentioned." APPENDIX B (Referred to on p. 275) OFFICIAL RELEASE BY THE U. S. S. R. INFORMATION BULLETIN WITH REFERENCE TO TREATY BETWEEN SOVIET RUSSIA AND RED CHINA, FEBRUARY VD, VTEJ; ALSO THE EXPRESSION OF MUTUAL FRIENDSHIP AND THE AGREEMENT WITH REFERENCE TO THE CHINESE SHANTUNG RAILWAY SOVIET-CHINESE TREATY AND AGREEMENTS ARE CONCLUDED IN MOSCOW (The following Soviet-Chinese communiqué has been issued on the signing of a treaty and agreements between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the People's Republic of China:) Negotiations were recently held in Moscow between J. V. Stalin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the U. S. S. R., and A. Y. Vyshinsky, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the U. S. S. R., on the one hand, and Mr. Mao Tse-tung, chairman of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China and Mr. Chou En-lai, Prime-Minister of the State Administrative Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs, on the other, during which important political and economic questions on relations between the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China were considered. These negotiations, which proceeded in an atmosphere of cordiality and friendly mutual understanding, confirmed the desire of both parties to strengthen and develop in every way relations of friendship and cooperation between them, as well as their desire to cooperate for the purpose of insuring universal peace and the security of the nations. The negotiations ended in the signing in the Kremlin on February 14 of: 1. A Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance between the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China; 2. An agreement on the Chinese Changchun Railway, Port Arthur, and Dalny, in accordance with which, after the signing of a peace treaty with Japan, the Chinese Changchun Railway is to be handed over to the complete ownership of the People's Republic of China, and Soviet troops are to be withdrawn from Port Arthur; 3. An agreement on the granting by the Government of the Soviet Union to the Government of the People's Republic of China of long-term economic credits for paying for deliveries of industrial and railway equipment from the U. S. S. R. The aforementioned Treaty and agreements were signed in behalf of the U. S. S. R. by A. Y. Vyshinsky, and on behalf of the People's Republic of China by Mr. Chou En-lai. In connection with the signing of the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance and the agreement on the Chinese Changchun Railway, Port Arthur and Dalny, Mr. Chou En-lai and A. Y. Vyshinsky exchanged notes to the effect that the respective Treaty and agreements concluded on August 14, 1945, between China and the Soviet Union have become invalid, and also that both Governments affirm a full guarantee of the independent position of the Mongolian People's Republic as a result of the referendum of 1945 and of the establishment with it of diplomatic relations by the People's Republic of China. Simultaneously, Mr. Chou En-lai and A. Y. Vyshinsky also exchanged notes on the decision of the Soviet Government to hand over gratis to the Government of the People's Republic of China property acquired by Soviet economic organizations from Japanese owners in Manchuria, and also on the decision of the Soviet Government to hand over gratis to the Government of the People's Republic of China all buildings of the former military cantonment in Peking. The full texts of the aforementioned Treaty and agreements are as follows: Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the People's Republic of China The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China; Filled with determination jointly to prevent, by the consolidation of friendship and cooperation between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the People's Republic of China, the rebirth of Japanese imperialism and a repetition of aggression on the part of Japan or any other state which should unite in any form with Japan in acts of aggression. Imbued with the desire to consolidate lasting peace and universal security in the Far East and throughout the world in conformity with the aims and principles of the United Nations organization; Profoundly convinced that the consolidation of good neighborly relations and friendship between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the People's Republic of China meets the fundamental interests of the peoples of the Soviet Union and China; Resolved for this purpose to conclude the present Treaty and appointed as their plenipotentiary and representatives: The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics-Andrei Yanuaryevich Vyshinsky, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China-Chou En-lai, Prime minister of the State Administrative Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs of China; Who, after exchange of their credentials, found in due form and good order, agreed upon the following: ARTICLE I Both High Contracting Parties undertake jointly to take all the necessary measures at their disposal for the purpose of preventing a repetition of aggression and violation of peace on the part of Japan or any other state which should unite with Japan, directly or indirectly, in acts of aggression. In the event of one of the High Contracting Parties being attacked by Japan or states allied with it, and thus being involved in a state of war, the other High Contracting Party will immediately render military and other assistance with all the means at its disposal. The High Contracting Parties also declare their readiness in the spirit of sincere cooperation to participate in all international actions aimed at ensuring peace and security throughout the world, and will do all in their power to achieve the speediest Implementation of these tasks. ARTICLE II Both the High Contracting Parties undertake by means of mutual agreement to strive for the earliest conclusion of a peace treaty with Japan, jointly with the other Powers which were allies during the Second World War. ARTICLE III Both High Contracting Parties undertake not to conclude any alliance directed against the other High Contracting Party, and not to take part in any coalition or in actions or measures directed against the other High Contracting Party. ARTICLE IV Both High Contracting Parties will consult each other in regard to all important international problems affecting the common interests of the Soviet Union and China, being guided by the interests of the consolidation of peace and universal security. ARTICLE V Both the High Contracting Parties undertake, in the spirit of friendship and cooperation and in conformity with the principles of equality, mutual interests, and also mutual respect for the state sovereignty and territorial integrity and noninterference in internal affairs of the other High Contracting Party-to develop and consolidate economic and cultural ties between the Soviet Union and China, to render each other every possible economic assistance, and to carry out the necessary economic cooperation. The present Treaty comes into force immediately upon its ratification; the exchange of instruments of ratification will take place in Peking. The present Treaty will be valid for 30 years. If neither of the High Contracting Parties gives notice one year before the expiration of this term of its desire to denounce the Treaty, it shall remain in force for another five years and will be extended in compliance with this rule. Done in Moscow on February 14, 1950, in two copies, each in the Russian and Chinese languages, both texts having equal force. Signed: BY AUTHORIZATION OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE SUPREME SOVIET OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS, A. Y. VYSHINSKY. BY AUTHORIZATION OF THE CENTRAL PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, CHOU EN-LAI. Agreement between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the People's Republic of China on the Chinese Changchun Railway, Port Arthur and Dalny The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China state that since 1945 radical changes have occurred in the situation in the Far East, namely, Imperialist Japan suffered defeat, the reactionary Kuomintang Government was overthrown; China has become a People's Democratic Republic, and in China a new, People's Government was formed which has united the whole of China, carried out a policy of friendship and cooperation with the Soviet Union, and proved its ability to defend the state independence and territorial integrity of China, the national honor and dignity of the Chinese people. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China maintain that this new situation permits a new approach to the question of the Chinese Changchun Railway, Port Arthur, and Dalny. |