Toshie: A Story of Village Life in Twentieth-Century JapanUniversity of California Press, 2004年3月25日 - 210 頁 Sakaue Toshié was born on August 14, 1925, into a family of tenant farmers and day laborers in the hamlet of Kosugi. The world she entered was one of hard labor, poverty, dirt, disease, and frequent early death. By the 1970s, that rural world had changed almost beyond recognition. Toshié is the story of that extraordinary transformation as witnessed and experienced by Toshié herself. A sweeping social history of the Japanese countryside in its twentieth-century transition from "peasant" to "consumer" society, the book is also a richly textured account of the life of one village woman and her community caught up in the inexorable march of historical events. Through the lens of Toshié's life, Simon Partner shows us the realities of rural Japanese life during the 1930s depression; daily existence under the wartime regime of "spiritual mobilization"; the land reform and its consequences during occupation; and the rapid emergence of a consumer culture against the background of agricultural mechanization during the 1950s and 1960s. In some ways representative and in other ways unique, Toshié's narrative raises questions about conventional frameworks of twentieth-century Japanese history, and about the place of individual agency and choice in an era often seen as dominated by the impersonal forces of modernity: technology, state power, and capitalism. |
內容
| 5 | |
The Making of a Japanese Citizen | 39 |
The Village Goes to War | 63 |
Rural Life Under the Occupation | 107 |
Red Carpets and Whisky | 131 |
Conclusion | 163 |
Notes | 175 |
Bibliography | 187 |
Index | 193 |
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常見字詞
Agano Agano River agricultural average brother Bunkichi cash chō tōkei kyoku chōki tōkei sōran chōsa Chōshi Chōsonshi Henshūshitsu cities clothes cocoons consumer countryside crops cultivators declined economic eikyō emperor family's farm families Gappei hamlet harvest hectares household hundred yen Ibid imperial income Ishiyama sonpō Itō Japa Kameda kilograms Kiyomi koku Kosugi Kurakichi Kyōkai land reform landlords linkai living major Masu Meiji Meiji restoration military miru senjika months mother mountain villages Nihon chōki tōkei Niigata prefecture Norakuro pensions percent postwar prewar purchase radio rent rice rice fields Rikichi river rural Japan Sakaue family seikatsu senjika no nōson silk Sōka Gakkai Sōmi Sōmu chō tōkei sonpō ni miru straw Takeharu tenant farmers thousand yen tion Tokyo took Toshié Toshié and Hideshirō Toshie's family Toshie's father Tsugino U.S. Census Bureau urban villages of Japan women Women's Defense Association Yamazaki Yokogoshi
熱門章節
第 56 頁 - Know ye. Our subjects: Our Imperial Ancestors have founded Our Empire on a basis broad and everlasting, and have deeply and firmly implanted virtue; Our subjects ever united in loyalty and filial piety have from generation to generation illustrated the beauty thereof. This is the glory of the fundamental character of Our Empire, and herein also lies the source of Our education.
第 117 頁 - All people shall have the right to maintain the minimum standards of wholesome and cultured living. In all spheres of life, the State shall use its endeavors for the promotion and extension of social welfare and security, and of public health.
第 107 頁 - Government shall remove economic obstacles to the revival and strengthening of democratic tendencies, establish respect for the dignity of man, and destroy the economic bondage which has enslaved the Japanese farmer to centuries of feudal oppression...
第 69 頁 - In order that we will not have problems, either pay them money or kill them in some obscure place after you have finished.' " — "If the army men who participated in the war were investigated individually, they would probably all be guilty of murder, robbery or rape.
第 175 頁 - Yuki Tanaka, Hidden Horrors: Japanese War Crimes in World War II (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1998).
第 67 頁 - J apanese society, it is no wonder that the masses, who in ordinary civilian or military life have no object to which they can transfer oppression, should, when they find themselves in this position, be driven by an explosive impulse to free themselves at a stroke from the pressure that has been hanging over them. Their acts of brutality are a sad testimony to the Japanese system of psychological compensation.
第 xiv 頁 - Japan, with the support of a postdoctoral fellowship from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
第 51 頁 - ... exposing themselves to death. In utter disregard of poverty-stricken farmers the enormously rich zaibatsu pursue their private profit. Meanwhile the young children of the impoverished farmers of the northeastern provinces attend school without breakfast, and their families subsist on rotten potatoes. I thought that to let a day go by without doing anything was to endanger the Army for one day longer.
第 51 頁 - ... concern to all thoughtful people. It is the same with the fishing villages and the small merchants and industrialists. Among the troops the farmer conscripts make a good showing, and the farmers of the northeastern provinces provide the Army with model soldiers. It is extremely dangerous that such soldiers should be worried about their starving families when they are at the front exposing themselves to death. In utter disregard of poverty-stricken farmers the enormously rich zaibatsu pursue their...
第 87 頁 - Food was normally provided by each of the roughly thirty households that made up a typical group, in addition to some purchases made with collected funds. A difficult issue was who to appoint as cook for the group. Different groups handled this issue differently, with some appointing the least busy women on an unpaid basis, others appointing the most skilled cooks and paying them.