網頁圖片
PDF
ePub 版

5. The existence of organizations hostile to democracy and to the preservation of peace shall not be permitted on German territory. 6. All former members of the German army, including officers and generals, all former Nazis, excepting those who are serving court sentences for crimes committed by them, shall be accorded the same civil and political rights as all other German citizens so that they may participate in the rebuilding of a peace-loving, democratic Germany. 7. Germany shall undertake not to enter into any coalition or military alliance directed against any power whose armed forces took part in the war against Germany.

8. Germany will not be required to take over any obligations of a political or military character resulting from treaties or agreements concluded by the governments of the German Federal Republic and of the German Democratic Republic before the conclusion of a peace treaty with Germany and the restoration of Germany as a unified state

III. TERRITORY

The boundaries of the territory of Germany are to be those established by the decisions of the Potsdam conference of the Great Powers

IV. ECONOMIC PROVISIONS

1. Germany shall not be subject to any limitations on the development of its peaceful economy which shall promote the welfare of the German people.

Neither shall Germany be subject to any limitations on trade with other countries, on shipping, or on access to world markets.

2. Germany shall be fully released from the payment to the U. S. A to Great Britain, to France, and to the U. S. S. R. of her postwar state debts with the exception of her trade indebtedness.

V. MILITARY CLAUSES

1. Germany shall be permitted to have her own national, armed forces (land, air, and naval) necessary for the defense of the country The strength of these armed forces shall be limited in accordance with requirements of an internal nature, local defense of frontiers, and anti-aircraft defense.

2. Germany shall be permitted to produce military supplies and equipment, the number and types of which shall not exceed the needs of her armed forces, as established by the peace treaty.

VI. GERMANY AND THE UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION

Those states which conclude a peace treaty with Germany shall support Germany's application for membership in the United Nations Organization.

148. PREPARATION OF A PEACE TREATY WITH GERMANY AND CONVENING OF A CONFERENCE ON A GERMAN PEACE TREATY: PROPOSAL BY THE USSR, FEBRUARY 1, 19541

1. In conformity with the understanding previously reached by the Governments of the U. S. A., Great Britain, France, and the U. S. S. R. on the procedure for the preparation of a peace treaty with Germany, the deputies of the Foreign Ministers of the Four Powers will be instructed to prepare, within 3 months, a draft peace treaty with Germany;

2. The Allied states whose armed forces took part in the war against Germany will be given the opportunity of presenting their views on a peace treaty with Germany while the draft peace treaty is in preparation;

3. Provision will be made for appropriate participation of representatives of Germany at all stages in the preparation of the peace treaty. Pending formation of a provisional all-German government, representatives of the existing governments of Eastern Germany and Western Germany will participate in the preparation of the draft peace treaty with Germany;

4. A peace conference will be convened within 6 months, and in any case not later than October 1954, with the participation of the states duly concerned and also of representatives of Germany, to consider the draft peace treaty.

149. FORMATION OF A PROVISIONAL ALL-GERMAN GOVERNMENT AND THE CARRYING OUT OF FREE ALL-GERMAN ELECTIONS: PROPOSAL BY THE USSR, FEBRUARY 4, 19541

Considering it necessary to end the division of Germany and, in accordance with the agreements reached between the Four Powers, to achieve a national reunification of Germany on a democratic and peace-loving basis, the Governments of the U. S. S. R., France, the United Kingdom, and the U. S. A. have arrived at the following agreement:

1. To consider as a task which cannot be postponed the formation of a provisional all-German government by the parliaments of the German Democratic Republic and of the German Federal Republic, with a wide participation of democratic organizations.

Such a provisional all-German government may be set up to replace the existing governments of Eastern and Western Germany, or, should this prove difficult at the present time, those two governments may temporarily remain in existence.

2. The main task of the provisional all-German government shall be the preparation and the carrying out of free all-German elections, namely:

1Ibid.

(a) the working out of a draft all-German electoral law insuring that all-German elections are really democratic in nature with the participation of all the democratic organizations and the carrying out of these elections in conditions of real freedom, which would eliminate the possibility of any pressure by powerful monopolies on the voters;

(b) should it be considered necessary, the carrying out of an investigation to determine the presence throughout Germany of conditions essential for the carrying out of democratic elections. and the application of adequate measures to insure the existence of such conditions;

(c) the carrying out of all-German elections, as a result of which the German people would take their decisions, without any interference on the part of foreign countries, concerning the social and state organization of a democratic Germany, and on the basis of which shall be formed an all-German government. 3. To establish as the tasks of the provisional all-German government the following:

(a) representation of Germany in the preparation of a peace treaty and German representation in international organizations (b) prevention of Germany's being drawn into coalitions or military alliances directed against any power whose armed forces participated in the war against Hitler's Germany;

(c) questions of German citizenship;

(d) insuring the free activities of democratic parties and organizations, and banning of the existence of Fascist, militarist, and other organizations hostile to democracy and to the preservation of peace;

(e) development of economic, trade, and cultural relations between Eastern and Western Germany; questions of transport. of postal and telegraph services, questions of the free movement of people and goods throughout the whole territory of Germany and other questions concerning the interests of the German people as a whole.

4. With a view to insuring that the German people should have the right to solve their national affairs independently, to recommend to the Government of the German Democratic Republic and to the Govern ment of the German Federal Republic to immediately convene s conference of plenipotentiary representatives of Eastern and Western Germany, in order to agree on a procedure for setting up a provisional all-German government, its composition, functions, tasks, and powers 5. The Governments of the U. S. S. R., France, the United King dom, and the U. S. A., on their part, will take measures directed as the establishment of conditions which would contribute to the suc cessful execution by the provisional all-German government of the tasks imposed upon it, and would eliminate any interference and pressure on the part of foreign powers in the carrying out of allGerman elections. For these purposes the Governments of the Four Powers have agreed to withdraw, prior to the holding of elections their occupation forces from both the territory of Eastern Germany and the territory of Western Germany, with the exception of limited contingents which would remain to carry out guard duties arising from the control responsibilities of the Four Powers: those of the U. S. S. R. for Eastern Germany, those of the U. S. A., the Unite Kingdom, and France for Western Germany.

JRING EUROPEAN SECURITY: PROPOSAL BY THE USSR, FEBRUARY 10, 19541

Governments of France, the United Kingdom, the U. S. A. U. S. S. R. undertake to continue their efforts toward a ry solution of the German problem in conformity with the of national freedom and the maintenance of peace and rd the recognition of the rights of all other European states rotection against the violation of their national interests and by any other state.

ading the conclusion of a peace treaty with Germany and the tion of Germany on a democratic and peace-loving basis, the measures will be implemented:

a) Within 6 months, occupation forces shall be simultaneously hdrawn from the territory of both Eastern and Western Gerny, with the exception of such limited contingents as are cessary for the performance of protective functions connected th the control responsibilities of the Four Powers: the U. S. S. R. th regard to Eastern Germany; the United States, U. K. and rance with regard to Western Germany.

The size of such contingents shall be subject to agreement mong the Governments of the Four Powers.

(b) In the event that a threat to security in either part of Germany should arise, the powers at present performing occupaional functions in Germany shall have the right to call in their roops: the U. S. S. R. into Eastern Germany and the U. S. A., U. K., and France into Western Germany.

(c) For the maintenance of internal order and frontier defense the German Democratic Republic and the German Federal Republic shall have police units, the strength and armament of which shall be determined by agreement between the Four Powers.

n order to insure compliance with this agreement in Eastern and stern Germany, inspection teams composed of representatives of Four Powers shall be formed.

3. In conformity with the provisions set forth above, the implemention of which will insure that neutralization of Germany and the eation of conditions favorable to a solution of the German problem the interest of stabilizing peace in Europe, the Four Powers shall ke immediate steps to facilitate the conclusion between European tates of a treaty on collective security providing adequate guaranties gainst aggression and violation of peace in Europe. To this end he Four Powers agree to take the initiative in calling an appropriate conference of European States.

1 Ibid.

151. GENERAL EUROPEAN TREATY ON COLLECTIVE SECURITY IN EUROPE (BASIC PRINCIPLES): PROPOSAL BY THE USSR, JULY 20, 1955 1

I.

For the purpose of ensuring peace and security and of preventing aggression against any state in Europe,

For the purpose of strengthening international cooperation in conformity with the principles of respect for the independence and sovereignty of states and noninterference in their internal affairs, Striving to achieve concerted efforts by all European states in ensuring collective security in Europe instead of the formation of groupings of some European states directed against other European states, which gives rise to friction and strained relations among nations and aggravates mutual distrust,

Having in view that the establishment of a system of collective security in Europe would facilitate the earliest possible settlement of the German problem through the unification of Germany on a peaceful and democratic basis,

European states, guided by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations [,] conclude a General European Treaty on Collective Security in Europe the basic provisions of which are as follows:

1. All European states, irrespective of their social systems, and the United States of America as well, may become parties to the Treaty provided they recognise the purposes and assume the obligations set forth in the Treaty.

Pending the formation of a united, peace-loving, democratic German state, the German Democratic Republic and the German Federal Republic may be parties to the Treaty enjoying equal rights with other parties thereto. It is understood that after the unification of Germany the united German State may be a party to the Treaty under general provisions hereof.

The conclusion of the Treaty on Collective Security in Europe shall not affect the competence of the four powers-the U. S. S. R., the U. S. A., the United Kingdom and France-to deal with the German problem, which shall be settled in accordance with decisions previously taken by the Four Powers.

2. The States-parties to the Treaty undertake to refrain from aggression against one another and also to refrain from having recourse to the threat or use of force in their international relations and, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, to settle any dispute that may arise among them by peaceful means and in such a way as not to endanger international peace and security in Europe.

3. Whenever, in the view of any State-party to the Treaty, there is danger of an armed attack in Europe against one or more of the States-parties to the Treaty, they shall consult one another in order to take effective steps to remove the danger and to maintain security in Europe.

4. An armed attack in Europe against one or several States-parties to the Treaty by any state or group of states shall be deemed to be an attack against all the Parties. In the event of such an attack, each of the Parties, exercising the right of individual or collective self

1 Department of State Publication 6046, October, 1955.

« 上一頁繼續 »