China Urbanizes: Consequences, Strategies, and Policies

Shahid Yusuf, Anthony Saich

World Bank Publications, 2008年1月22日 - 228 頁

The key challenges facing China in the next two decades derive from the ongoing process of urbanization. China's urbanization rate in 2005 was about 43%. Over the next 10-15 years, it is expected to rise to well over 50%, adding an additional 200 million mainly rural migrants to the current urban population of 560 million. How China copes with such a large migration flow will strongly influence rural-urban inequality, the pace at which urban centers expand their economic performance, and the urban environment. The growing population will necessitate a big push strategy to maintain a high rate of investment in housing and the urban physical infrastructure and urban services. To finance such expansion will require a significant strengthening and diversification of China's financial system. Growing cities will greatly increase consumption of energy and water. Containing this without at the same time constraining the economic performance of cities or the improvement in the standards of living will call for enlightened policies, strategies, careful urban planning, and significant technological advances. This volume identifies the key developments to watch and discusses the policies which would affect the course as well as the fruitfulness of change.

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Chapter 1 Optimizing Urban Development	1

Table 11 Percentage of Population Living in Urban Areas in Selected Asian Countries 19802005	2

Figure 11 Financial Development in Selected Countries 2005	10

Table 13 Rice Wheat and Maize Yields in Selected Countries and Regions 19972002	16

Figure 12 Investment in Urban Infrastructure in Shanghai as Percentage of GDP 19852004	22

Chapter 2 RuralUrban Inequality in China	41

Figure 21 Real Urban and Rural per Capita Income 19782005	42

Figure 22 Ratio of Real Rural to Real Urban per Capita Income 19892005	43

Table 64 Energy Intensity 19912005	131

Table 65 Total Energy Consumption by Sector 19972005	136

Table 66 Imports and Exports of Energy by Type 19912005	143

Chapter 7 Water and Urbanization	157

Table 71 Population of China 19802005 by Region	159

Table 72 Gross Water Availability per Capita in North and South 19802005	160

Table 73 Water Use by Sector 19802005	165

Chapter 8 The Changing Role of Urban Government	181

Figure 23 Grain and Agricultural Input Price Indices 19932005	52

Chapter 3 Migration Hukou and the City	65

Table 31 Size of Floating and Migrant Population 1990 and 2000	71

Table 32 Interprovincial Migration within and between Regions 1990 and 2000	73

Table 33 SelfDeclared Reasons for Intercounty Migration	74

Chapter 4 Poverty and Vulnerability	91

Chapter 5 Finance for Urban Centers	105

Chapter 6 Energy Policy	125

Table 61 Energy Production and Consumption 19912005	128

Table 62 Projected Demand for Primary Energy and Oil in Selected Countries in 2025	129

Table 63 Alternative Projections of Growth in Final Energy Demand in China by Sector	130

Table 81 Subnational Expenditure Shares and Functional Allocations in Selected Asian Countries	184

Box 81 The Survey on Citizen Satisfaction with Government	189

Figure 81 Government Service SatisfactionImportance Matrix	190

Figure 82 Citizen Satisfaction with Different Levels of Government 200305	191

Figure 83 Citizen Satisfaction with Different Levels of Government by Income Level 2003	192

Table 83 Highest and LowestRated Categories of Government Service by Urban Residents 2003 and 2005	194

Figure 84 Urban Respondents Rating of Satisfaction with and Importance of Various Government Functions 2003	196

Figure 85 Organization of Urban Government	201

Index	207

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China Urbanizes: Consequences, Strategies, and Policies
Tony Saich
部分預覽 - 2008

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agricultural allocation aquifers Asian Development Bank Beijing bonds capital census chapter Chen China’s population China’s urban Chinese cities Chongqing coal consumer costs countries economic efficiency electricity employment energy consumption energy intensity enterprises Environmental expenditure fiscal floating population fuels funds global groundwater growth Guangdong households hukou hukou system increase industrial infrastructure investment Jiangsu labor levels Liudong migrants million municipal Nabeshima Okadera People’s pollution poor poverty line problems production programs provinces Qianyi regions Renkou Research revenue role rural and urban rural areas rural incomes rural migrants rural–urban rural–urban gaps rural–urban migration sector Shanghai share Shenzhen Sichuan social sources state-owned enterprises strategy supply survey tion townships transport urban areas urban development urban hukou urban incomes urban population urban residents Wang Washington wastewater Water Resources Wen Jiabao workers World Bank Yusuf Zhong Zhongguo Zhou

書目資訊

書名	China Urbanizes: Consequences, Strategies, and Policies Directions in Development Directions in Development - Countries and Regions
編者	Shahid Yusuf, Anthony Saich
版本	圖解
出版者	World Bank Publications, 2008
ISBN	0821372122, 9780821372128
頁數	228 頁

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