forth to supply what had hitherto been a desideratum in English pictorial history, viz. a collection of the most exact likenesses of the monarchs of this country. The price of these thirty-six portraits was very high, varying from 31. 12s. to 127. 12s., according to the state desired; but this, I suppose, was owing to the great care and time taken in procuring portraits that for correctness should be indisputable.

It is well known that the publishers of histories of England, a century ago, and even later, were not very particular in the representations of our early sovereigns; and as long as the pictures garnishing their books were expressive of the popular character given to our kings and queens, they were satisfied, and so were the readers.

May I ask if this painting at St. James's has received any attention of late? JNO. C. HOTTEN. Piccadilly, London.

Replies to Minor Queries.

Lady Chichester (2nd S. iv. 169.) - MR. MACLEAN is correct in stating that Frances, Lady Chichester, was the only sister of Lucy, Countess of Bedford. She married Sir Robert Chichester, who is described in Wright's History of Rutland as K. B., and of Rayleigh in the county of Devon, a place I never heard of. They had issue an only daughter, Anne, who became the wife of Lord Bruce, ancestor of the Marquises of Ailesbury. The old lady about whom MR. MACLEAN inquires, must have been the widow of the first Lord Harrington, who had recently lost her only son, who survived his father only a few months.

BRAYBROOKE.

The Cake and the Lotos (2nd S. iv. 161.) The transmission of the cake throughout the Indian regiments may very possibly have a direct connection with some high act of worship towards the Baal Krishna. The lotos, self-generating by means of its bean (the Pythagorean myth), appears in the Hindoo mythology of various colours. If dark blue be the colour in which it travelled, it would probably refer to Krishna again, but it may be rather assigned to the goddess KALI, and hence the horrible mode by which our English residents in India have been put to death. I take the Indian outbreak to arise from the ancient cause, Baal-Peor against the LORD OF HOSTS, or the Linga against the LOGOs, the Yoni against the DOVE. Tammuz (Adonis) and Astoreth (Venus), the God of the Grove and High Place, and the Queen of Heaven, are in India, by whatsoever names called, as powerfully fascinating to humanity as in the days of Judah and Israel, when the calf and the cow, the abomination, the horror, and the unclean thing, led aside the holy nation to their utter destruction. I believe at this period

of England's history the DEITY was never more worshipped by the nation or more outwardly honoured. The feeling has touched all classes, and of course it is apparent in our army. The annals of the Crimean war test the truth of the observation. Our soldiers in India have probably given much graver offence than we are aware of in this matter to the high-caste natives, and the rising in defence of Baal-Peor has been the result. I shall be glad if this note stirs up MR. POTE, who is, I know, well able to give the readers of "N. & Q." certain information touching the tangled web of Hindoo mythology. HENRY JOHN GAUNTLETT.

I have an impression that some time before the outbreak of the Mutiny in Bengal there appeared in one of the newspapers a detailed account of the mysterious transmission of these cakes and lotos flowers throughout the whole length and breadth of India, accompanied by speculations as to the object of their circulation. A reference to the article in question would oblige L. F.

Hay-Lifts (2nd S. iv. 164.) — Will your correspondent J. D. D. accept the following case of hay-lift for his portfolio? Many years ago I was journeying from London to Edinburgh, not with the volant speed of a modern aërial-like flying train, but in the ancient stage coach, yclept the Royal Charlotte, in honour of the consort of our noble king, and which, although it was announced to accomplish the journey in a shorter time, did it in 78 hours. We left the George and Blue Boar, Holborn, at 6 P. M., and the following day I got outside to ride with the coachman, and to gain some instruction in charioteering. Arriving at Wandsford, Northamptonshire, we pulled up at a a heap of hay, and inquiring the origin of such depublic-house, where there was a sign of a man on lineation, I was told, that un beau matin a haymaker fell asleep upon a haycock, when a storm arose attended with an inundation of rain, and he was floated away a considerable distance. After a time he awoke from his profound sleep, and inquiring from the bystanders where he was? they

answered at Wandsford. What Wandsford in all England? To which they replied, Yes. And this wonderful transmigration was celebrated by the sign in question. It is now so long since that I only recollect the prominent parts of the story, but no doubt some reader of "N. & Q." can supply a fuller detail of this strange incident.

---

OLIM.

Envelope (Engl.): Enveloppe (Fr.), féminine (2nd S. iv. 170.) The practice of using covers in epistolary correspondence most probably originated with the French. I find it in the Gil Blas of Le Sage, when he speaks of Aurora de Gusman, and says she took two billets, "les cacheta tous deux, y mit une Enveloppe et me donnant le

paquet," etc. (Hist. de Gil Blas, livre 4ieme, chapit. v.)

The first use of envelope which I find is in the 4th stanza of Swift's Advice to the Grub-street Verse-writers, 1726. Although such covers were in general use in France, yet it was not the custom to employ them here unless in official or franked correspondence; but the introduction of the penny postage, which is now regulated by weight instead of "single" or "double" as the case might be, caused the alteration, which is at this time almost universally adopted.

While on this subject, I would ask, is there any rule, when words are adopted by us from the French, as regards their orthography and orthoëpy? we writing the word with a single p and pronouncing it ongvelope, as if it were French; that is, should we make it rhyme with hope or hop?

DELTA.

The Earl of Selkirk's Seat (2nd S. iv. 149.) I am not aware that there is any engraving, or drawing, either of the house or demesne of St. Mary's Isle, Lord Selkirk's seat.

The house was originally a small monastery pertaining to the monks of Holyrood at Edinburgh; it has, at various periods, been added to, and the present earl has also built some additions. It is an irregularly built house, not presenting any features of architectural beauty.

Formerly thirty or forty pipes of genuine was the whole annual produce. Several hundred pipes are now exported, but of inferior quality. This wine, said to be from a Burgundy grape, is found on board all the Mediterranean steamers from Southampton, not much to the contentment of the passengers.

Should these remarks meet the eye of a Lisbonian of the olden time, (there cannot be many remaining,) they will call to mind Caviglioli, who kept an inn at Cintra, and was afterwards a seller of Collares wine at Lisbon. When at Cintra he had a cellar well stocked with Collares wine, and on the occasion of the French troops under General Soisson passing through, and not choosing to trust his wine to their tender mercies, he set forth, met the General, and delivered the keys of his cellar, offering the contents at his disposal. The General ordered sentries to be placed and the cellar strictly guarded; and Caviglioli had the satisfaction of finding it at their departure minus only such reasonable quantity as the General, his staff, and friends, had freely but fairly partaken of.

J. B.

Rev. H. Hutton (2nd S. iv. 150.) —This gentleman, I am happy to inform X., is alive and well, and resides at No. 2. Provost Road, Camden Town, London, N.W. The following advertisement, which has just met my eye, will, perhaps, afford additional satisfaction to your correspond

ent:

Paul Jones's log-book is also preserved at St. Mary's Isle. It was presented to the late earl by a merchant of Boston into whose hands it had fallen. H. CUTHBERT.

Paul Jones (2nd S. iv. 149.)- Some years ago I was acquainted with an old sailor of the name of Pinkerton, but who enjoyed the title of "the Bloody Drake," because having fought in the action of the 24th April, 1778, he used, when he was elevated (which was very often), to boast that he was 66 a bloody Drake;" which, I suppose, indicated the desperate nature of the encounter. My grandmother was an eye-witness of the action. FRAS. CROSSLEY. Bucellas (2nd S. iii. 450.) Bucellas is not the name of a vineyard, but of a small village about ten miles from Lisbon. Sixty years ago the quantity of genuine Bucellas was small, little more than thirty pipes annually. It was of a peculiar flavour, and said to be from a hock grape transplanted. As the demand increased, the quality was deteriorated by the admission of the neighbouring produce.

The same thing has occurred regarding the wine from Collares, a small village beyond Cintra.

"Ready for the Press, to be published by Subscription, Hugh Hutton, M.A."

Bristol.

J. R. W.

Criticism on Gray's Elegy (2nd S. iv. 35.) — John Young was, as your correspondent T. G. S. indicates, forty-six years Professor of Greek in the University of Glasgow. As he died in 1820, it follows that at least forty-six years beforethat is to say in 1774, he was old enough to write this very clever and now little known work. Writing from the country, and having no access to my library until my return to Edinburgh, I cannot say whether he died in harness; but the period he held the professorship is quite enough to show that, as regards date, his claim of authorship admits of no question.

But what I have now to 'communicate is, I think, tolerably conclusive. Prior to January, 1817, when a youth, I had the happiness of calling a young gentleman a nephew of the amiable author of The Sabbath - my intimate friend. He was, to the regret of all who knew him, and to my inexpressible sorrow, removed from this world by typhus fever at the beginning of that month. His tastes were literary, and he resided with his accomplished mother in Edinburgh, who had re

moved from Glasgow, where her position in life gave her access to the best society in that city. It was to these estimable persons that I was indebted for a knowledge of the Criticism on Gray's Elegy, and from them I learned that it was the veritable production of Professor Conway, with whom both informants were well acquainted, and that this fact was never doubted.

I have in my library two copies, one (8vo.) privately printed, and apparently between 1780 and 1790. The other, the reprint by Ballantyne, who, I rather think, passed the pages through the press. The London published edition I never J. M.

saw.

Scallop Shells (2nd S. iy. 150.)—With reference to Pecten Jacobus (not P. Jacobæa, as written by MR. BUCKTON), I can adduce a note from that charming work on conchology of the late Dr. Johnston, published by Van Voorst, 1850:

"It is not easy to account for the origin of the shell as a badge worn by pilgrims; but it decidedly refers to much earlier Oriental customs than the journeys of Christians to the Holy Land, and its history will probably be found in the mythology of Eastern nations.". Clarke's Travels, ii. 538., 4to.

F. C. H.

The Devil and Church Building (2nd S. iv. 25. 144. &c.) The builders of the parish church at Kidderminster endeavoured to erect it on the brow of the rising ground on the Bewdley side of the river Stour; but their day's work was always destroyed in the night. As, therefore, it was very evident that the devil interfered with their designs, they left him in full possession of his territory, and removed the site of their church to the rising ground on the opposite side of the Stour. They there completed their work without farther inter

ference, and named the scene of their failure the "Curst Field," which is now corrupted into "Cusfield."

A somewhat similar legend is told of the Galilee at Durham Cathedral, with the exchange of St. Cuthbert for the devil.

66

began to erect a New Work at the East Angle of the said Cathedral, for which several Pillars of Marble were brought from beyond Sea; and the Work being advanced to a small Height, began, through great Clifts peared unacceptable to God and holy St. Cuthbert, espevisible therein, to fall down; whence it manifestly apcially for the Access Women were to have so near his Feretory; Whereupon that Work was left off, and a new one begun and soon finished, at the West End of the said Church; into which it was lawful for Women to enter, there being before no holy Place where they might have Admittance for their Comfort and Consolation. It is called the Galiley, by Reason, as some think, of the Translation thereof; being once begun, and afterwards removed.". Sanderson's Antiquities of Durham Abbey, CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A.

p. 45.

The Devil looking over Lincoln (2nd S. iii. 308.) ford, enumerated by the Rev. John Pointer, in - Among the curiosities of Lincoln College, Oxhis Oxoniensis Academia, p. 53., is

"The Image of the Devil, that stood many Years on the Top of this College (or else that over Lincoln Cathedral), gave Occasion for that Proverb, To look on one as the Devil looks over Lincoln.” — 1749.

Cuthbert Bede, B.A.

Whatever may be the origin of this proverb, I send you an application of it, which is too good to be lost. Some fifty years since a house adjoining the garden of the Deanery at Hereford, with a window overlooking it, was occupied by a Mrs. Lincoln as a ladies' boarding school. A reverend doctor, son-in-law of the then Dean, resided in the Deanery, and felt a strong objection to be gazed upon by so many bright eyes. He required, inblocked up. As the doctor grew peremptory, the stead of requesting, that the window should be old lady grew angry, and at last she closed the correspondence by saying that there was a wellin this case it was reversed, for Lincoln overlooks known proverb, the devil overlooks Lincoln, but

the devil.

66

EFFIGY.

Huntington Divertisement" (2nd S. iv. 31.) In answer to the query touching this play, of which L'Estrange was only the licenser, "the scene is placed in "Hinching-brook-Grove-Fields and Meadows:" it might be conjectured that the author, S. M., might be a Montague-Hinchingbrook being the family seat of the Montagues, Earls of Sandwich. The author in his address to the

nobility and the most generous gentry, that are pleased to grace this annual festivity with their presence," commences thus: "Our due resentment of your kinde presence at this Our annual convention animated us to a resolution for some

66

novel divertisement," &c. This would naturally induce a belief that the writer was a Huntingdon man. He tells us moreover that the drama was never designed to be duly modelled into the dimensions of acts and scenes as ought to become a theatre, but only for a small fascicle of Rustick drollery."

This piece is very scarce. With the copy before me is bound up "The Female Wits, or the Triumvirate of Poets at rehearsal- — a comedy,” written by Mr. W. M.; and the former possessor has noted that "the initials, W. M., subscribed to the dedication of the first of these pieces and inserted in the title-page of the second, seem to designate them as the work of the same author. The Female Wits appears from the Biographia Dramatica to have been first published in 1697."

This conjecture may be correct, but the latter play is very different in every respect from the former. The satire is biting, and there is much humour in it, whereas the Huntington divertisement is very crude and nonsensical. Mrs. Manly, Mrs. Pix, and Mrs. Trotter are the female wits, and are shown up by Mr. W. M., for the amusement of the public. If any of the three ladies had got hold of the Huntingdon Divertisement they might have turned the tables with a vengeance. J. M.

Edinburgh.

Mental Condition of the Starving (2nd S. ii. 288.) -In Dr. Kane's Arctic Explorations in 1853, 4, and 5, in the instance of his attempt to rescue an exhausted exploring party, together with the document of the same date by the surgeon, in the Appendix of vol. ii., will be found a tragico-comical example (the page I cannot now give). Indeed the book throughout bears on the subject in question. Dr. Kane says of his men when prostrated by scurvy and starvation,

"Some were intensely grateful for every little act of kindness. some querulous; others desponding; others, again, only wanted strength to become mutinous." -Vol. ii. p. 58.

The result of his experience is thus expressed: "The number is unfortunately small of those human beings whom calamity elevates."- Vol. ii. p. 175.

J. P.

Old Ballad of the Mearns (2nd S. iv. 170.) — The hole in K.'s old ballad is too large to be filled up through the pages of "N. & Q," extending as it does to eighteen eight-line stanzas. He will, however, find it in Whitelaw's Book of Scottish Song, Glasgow, 1844; where it is said "this diverting ditty was at one time very popular among the country people of Scotland. It can be traced no farther back than to the New British Songster, a Collection published at Falkirk in 1785." In the chap form it is yet common enough Captain Wedderburn's Courtship." My copy, in this shape, is bound up with others, or I would give it to K.; but he will easily procure it at any depôt of literature for the million. J. O.

as

66

Cardinal Campeggio (2nd S. iii. 486.) — MR. DENTON asks whether Lingard may not have supposed the cardinal to have been a widower when ordained, merely out of a wish to vindicate his memory ? I know Lingard to be unreliable, when his religious prejudices are in the way but in this case he has good authority. The rare and accurate work of De la Roche-posai, Bp. of Poitiers, Nomenclator Sanctæ Romanæ Ecclesiæ Cardinalium, published at Toulouse in 1614, gives the epitaph as found in the church of S. Maria in Trastevere:

"Laurentii tituli S. Mariæ trans-Tyberim patris, et Alexandri S. Lucia in Silice filii, ex legitimo matrimonio ante Sacerdotium suscepti; ex nobili Compegiorum [sic] Bononiensium familia S. R. E. Cardinalium ossa ex eminenti loco anno salutis 1571 huc translata in unum re

quiescunt."

Laurence Campegio read in civil law at Padua at the early age of nineteen. He died at Rome in 1539. W.

Baltimore, U. S. A.

Gravestones and Church Repairs (2nd S. iv. 136.) In many churches repairs were done by masons for their own convenience and profit, by using tombstones from the churchyard.

In the porch of Lyme Church were the oolitic slabs of the tomb erected to the memory of William Hewling, executed for his connexion with the Duke of Monmouth's rebellion. All these were used just for the masons' benefit about fifty years ago, after having been stored away in the great porch by Dr. Tucker, the curate and minister of the parish.

A large tomb to the memory of Arthur Tucker, at the head of the churchyard, disappeared about thirty years since. The slabs of Portland stone

420. Milton (J.) Paradise Lost. First edition, with three different title-pages, dated 1667, Simmons 1668, and 1669, russia. 1667-69. 147. 10s.

506. Chaucer (Geffrey) Boke of the Tales of Canterburie, in whiche ben many a noble historie of wisdome, policie, mirth, and gentilnes. Black-letter, excessively rare, but having the first two and the last leaf in facsimile by Harris, and wanting only 12 leaves, viz. A 3, 6, 7, 8; I 1, 2, 7, and 8; and K 1, 2, 3, and 4, in the Parson's Tale. A very fine clean and tall copy, but some short leaves inlaid towards the end. This is thought by some to be the first book printed by Pynson, about 1490. According to the Bibliotheca Grenvilliana only one perfect copy is known. Richard Pynson, n. d. 512.

509. De Bry (Theodori, Johannis Theodori, et Israelis) Collectiones Peregrinationum in Indiam Orientalem et in Indiam Occidentalem xxv partibus comprehensæ, bound in 10 vol. with a profusion of copper-plates exhibiting the costume, customs, manners, and habits of the inhabitants of countries met with by the early navigators. First edition throughout, with the scarce Elenchus, and the very rare Appendix Regni Congo, fine set, in dark blue morocco, gilt edges, by Thouvenin. Francof. 1590-1634. 1602.

The Collector of Voyages and Travels is but too conscious of the immense difficulty of obtaining a complete copy of De Bry's Collection in any shape, and considers himself extremely fortunate although it should be made up by a mixture of the various editions. As published in the most seductive form the work was eagerly bought up by the public on its appearance in parts, and as of the more popular portions there were several editions, it is not surprising that in most copies one or more of these should be of the second impression. A complete first edition is, however, the grand desideratum of the Connoisseur, and an opportunity is now presented of securing one of the most desirable copies ever offered for sale, which if neglected may not occur again in a lifetime.

513. Dives et Pauper (A compendious Treetise Dyalogue of) that is to say, the riche and the pore, fructuously tretyng upon the X Comaundmentes. Black-letter, dark morocco extra, gilt edges, by F. Bedford. Finished the Vth day of Juyl, the yere of oure Lord God MCCCCLXXXXIII. Emprented by me Richarde Pynson, at the Temple Barre of London. 50%.

The first work printed by Pynson with a date, very rare. The work commences on sig. a ii (the first having been left blank); a 6, in the contents is a facsimile, and a few of the margins have been most skilfully restored, otherwise a sound and perfect copy of a very uncommon book.

516. (Glanvil) Bartholomeus de proprietatibus rerum (translated into English by John de Trevisa). Blackletter, large copy, slightly wormed, extremely rare, complete, with the exception of first and second leaf beautifully facsimiled, brown morocco extra, gilt edges, old style, by F. Bedford. Wynkyn de Worde, circa 1494.

351. 10s.

The most magnificent production of Wynkyn de Worde's press.

517. Higden (Ranulph, Monk of Chestre) Polycronycon, in whiche book ben comprised briefly many wonderful historyes englisshed by one Trevisa, vycarye of Barkley, which atte request of one Sir Thomas lord Barkley translated this sayd book, the Byble and Bartylmen de proprietatibus reru out of Latyn in to Englyssh, And now at this tyme symply emprynted & sette in forme by me William Caxton and a lytel embelysshed fro tholde makyng, and also have added suche storyes as I coude fynde fro thende that the said Ranulph fynyshed his book which was the yere of our Lord MCCCLVII unto the yere of the same мCCCCLV, &c. &c. Black-letter, first edition, extremely rare, quite complete, with the exception of 4 leaves in the table, viz. A 2, 3, 4, and 8, which are in beautiful facsimile. Splendidly bound in brown morocco super extra, gilt edges, by F. Bedford. William Caxton, 1482. 707.

Perfect copies are of extremely rare occurrence. Dent's sold for 1037. 19s.

518. Higden (Ranulphe) Policronicon, in whiche booke ben comprysed bryefly many wonderfull hystoryes, Englisshed by one Trevisa, vycarye of Barkley, whiche atte requeste of one Syr Thomas lorde Barkley translated this sayd booke, the Byble, and Barthylmen de proprietatibus rerum out of Latyn in to Englysshe. And now at this tyme symply emprynted newe and sette in forme by me Wynkyn de Woorde, and a lytyll embelysshed fro tholde makynge, &c. &c. Black-letter, most rare, dark morocco, ancient style, by F. Bedford, a few of the margins have been skilfully replaced, the title and leaf at end, with Caxton's large device, in capital facsimile. Ended the thyrtenth daye of Aprill, the tenth yere of Kyng Harry the seventh, and of the Incarnacyon of our Lord MCCCCLXXXXV. Emprynted at Westmestre, by Wynkyn The Worde. 371.

A volume remarkable for the beauty of its typographical execution.

556. [Shakespeare (William)] Venus and Adonis. Very rare, fine copy in blue morocco extra, by F. Bedford. London, printed by J. H., and are to be sold by Francis Coules, in the Old Baily without Newgate, 1636.

567.

This copy was purchased at these rooms in May 1856, for 497. 10s., since when the elegant binding has been added. The only other perfect copy known is in the British Museum.

659. Shakespears (Mr. William) Comedies, Histories and Tragedies. The third impression, and unto this impression is added seven Playes never before printed in folio. Fine tall copy (but wants five leaves and portions of 2 others near the end), with portrait by M. Droeshout, having Ben Jonson's verses beneath, calf extra. Printed for P. C. 1664. 267. 10s.

This copy has also the cancelled title-page "Printed for Philip Chetwinde, 1663," in which a space is left for the portrait. It has also the excessively rare verses by Ben Jonson printed on a separate leaf in a