Multilingualism in Post-Soviet CountriesAneta Pavlenko Multilingual Matters, 2008 - 234 頁 In the past two decades, post-Soviet countries have emerged as a contested linguistic space, where disagreements over language and education policies have led to demonstrations, military conflicts and even secession. This collection offers an up-to-date comparative analysis of language and education policies and practices in post-Soviet countries. |
內容
Multilingualism in PostSoviet Countries Language | 1 |
Language Management | 41 |
A Tense and Shifting Balance | 66 |
Uneasy Compromise Language and Education | 99 |
Language | 122 |
Estonianization Efforts PostIndependence | 149 |
Language Policies of Kazakhization and Their | 166 |
Language and Education Policies | 227 |
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Accessed According administration areas attitudes Baltic Belarus Belarusian bilingual Census Central century changes cities communication competence Constitution contexts continue countries cultural discussion documents dominant economic English established Estonian ethnic European example foreign language functions groups higher education identity implementation increased independence institutions instruction integration International issue Kazakh Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Kyrgyzstan language education language policy Latvia learning legislation levels linguistic Lithuanian majority minority languages Moldova Moldovan language multilingual native language offered official organizations parents particular planning political population position post-Soviet practices present Press problems proficiency regions remains reported Republic respondents result Romanian Russian language Russian speakers Russian-speaking schools secondary shift situation social society sociolinguistic Soviet speak standard status survey Table Tajik Tajikistan taught teachers teaching territory titular language Ukraine Ukrainian University urban USSR Uzbek