1. Special features of Shinka-gun_

83

2.

Appendix II. JAPANESE WEIGHTS AND MEASURES LIST OF TABLES

Taxed land in Taiwan by character of use, area, number of taxable units and total taxes, 1939__ 3. Untaxed land in Taiwan by character of use, area, number of taxable units, and ownership, 1939__ 4. Taxed land in Tainan Province by character of land use, area, number of taxable units, and total taxes, 1939.

5. Untaxed land in Tainan Province by character of land use, area, number of taxable units, and ownership___

6. Value of agricultural production, Taiwan and Tainan Province, 1939.

1

3

3

4

85

7.

8.

Farm households and size of farms, 1939Income and expense per ko of sugar cane cultivation..

66

85

9. Income and expense per ko of rice cultivation. 10. Rice: area and production, 1939.

85

e. Rokko-sho

87

12. Common agricultural products; area and production, 1939____

11

88

1. Main features of Toseki-gun_

90

2. The gai and sho..

90

90

24. Number of companies and capitalization, by type

90

91

Table

27. Taihoku wholesale price index, October, 1942 28. Insurance companies in Taiwan, 1940. . 29. Nokai budget for Taiwan and Tainan Province, 1940

14

16

30. Chikusan-kai budget for Taiwan and Tainan Province, 1940_..

97

98

33. Estimated expenditure for Tainan Provincial Government, 1939__

30

1. General statement. Tainan is on the western coast of Taiwan 25 miles from the Pescadores and 150 miles from Amoy on the China coast. The population is the largest of any of the provinces, numbering 1,487,999 in 1940, of whom 47,854 were Japanese and 7,071 were foreign Chinese.

Political divisions in Tainan consist of ten gun (counties), two shi (cities), 8 gai (towns) and 58 sho (clusters of villages). The aborigine area comprises 165 square miles of the total of 2,100. Ordinarily in Taiwan the aborigine territory corresponds to the mountain area, but apparently the large forestry development at Arisan has served to cut down the area so designated in Tainan Province. The aborigines numbered 14 villages, 284 households, and 1,710 individuals in 1938.

Tainan City had been the capital of Taiwan under the Dutch and under the Chinese administration, but lost much of its importance with the deterioration of its harbor, the improvements of the harbors at Keelung and Takao, the removal of the capital to Taihoku, and the re-orientation of the island from China to Japan when the Japanese acquired sovereignty in 1895.

Tainan is a rich agricultural area, with most of the Taiwan salt beds, a large part of the fish-cultivation area of Taiwan, and the very extensive commercial lumbering development at Arisan east of Kagi. The Gyunikuki oilfield is near Bansha in Shinei-gun. A little to the northeast is the Rikujukei oilfield and farther north near Chusho in Kagi-gun is the Toshikyaku field. Oil production is not thought to be large.

2. Geography. Tainan Province is about 65 miles from north to south and 45 miles from east to west, with an area of 2,100 square miles. The eastern part is mountainous, with foothills sloping to the west into the plain which extends to the sea. The highest mountain in the Japanese Empire, the 13,000 foot Mt. Niitaka, is on the eastern border. The Tainan plain is the largest plain in Taiwan, extending about 62 miles from north to south and 25 miles from west to east. The coast is very low and continually is being extended by the sediment of the many rivers.

The Dakusui River (sometimes called the Seira River in its lower reaches) separates Tainan Province on the north from Taichu Province. To the south, in order of direction, the main rivers running into the sea are: Shinkobi River, Kyukobi River, Hokko River, Bokushi River, Hassho River, Sobun River, and the Nisoko River on the southern border between Tainan and Takao Provinces.

The combination of heavy rains, steep mountains, short rivers and low plains has resulted in much damage from flash floods and overflow. The possibility of damage has been greatly minimized by extensive river conservation measures, in particular by the immense Kanan ir

rigation system and the embankments along the Dakusui River.

The river mouths are used for small fishing craft, but there are no good ports. Ampin formerly was a very important port for trade with the China Coast and still is so used, but silting has greatly reduced its value. Next in importance is Toseki, but it is reported to have exports per year valued at only ¥10,000. Hotei, south of Toseki,

is of still less importance.

3. Climate. As shown in table 1 the annual rainfall at Tainan City is 66 inches with a maximum over a period of some 20 years of 101 and a minimum of 38 inches. The average monthly temperature varies from 62° F. in February to 82° F. in July. The humidity varies from 77 to 84 percent. Thunderstorms occur about 12 days per month in July and August, and one day or less per month in January, February, October and November. At Arisan the mean 1939 temperature was 70.7° F. and the rainfall 197 inches. Between Kagi and Mizukami is a post marking the Tropic of Cancer.

From March to about the first of July there are southwesterly and heavy westerly winds. From August until about the first of March the winds are usually northerly and northeasterly. The winds are variable during March, August and September, often changing from north to south.