Includes estimated usage of local currencies in the equivalent amount of $325,000.

Mr. ROONEY. At page 634 is a statement called, Summary of requirements by categories of expense, which we shall insert at this point in the record, together with page 635.

COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION ON FULBRIGHT GRANTS

Mr. ROONEY. In the report of this committee last year there was contained a recommendation that more emphasis be placed on the so-called Fulbright grants, for which counterpart funds are used, rather than on the system of grants under which there is a cash expenditure of appropriated dollars.

What is the current situation in regard thereto, Mr. Johnstone?

81707-51-63

Mr. JOHNSTONE. The situation with regard to that, sir, is that we have been trying to develop, as far as we can, private dollar resources, so that these Fulbright travel grants may be utilized.

Mr. ROONEY. What have you done? Where is it in the justifications?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. You will find this is broken down, sir, by categories of persons.

Mr. ROONEY. Where?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. Page 636. You will find the breakdown there of the exchange of professors and research scholars.

Mr. ROONEY. Where do we find the amount of money used in cash and the amount of money used in counterpart funds?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. Just a minute, sir. I have that here. That is broken down in each by category. The first category that appears is on page 639.

Mr. ROONEY. Do you have a summary of the whole matter, including all the categories?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. I do not think we have a summary in this budget. I can furnish it for the record. It is under each category. I can give you the page reference to each category.

The amount of foreign currency funds are indicated in parentheses. A summary is being prepared by us right now, I understand, sir.

Mr. ROONEY. Which has been the greater amount spent in connection with this exchange of persons program, cash or counterpart funds?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. In our 1951 estimate, the total of the Fulbright funds

Mr. ROONEY. I asked a simple preliminary question, which is greater?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. In cash, sir?

Mr. ROONEY. Can you tell us how much at this time?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. $6,665,000 in credits in fiscal year 1951, and slightly larger in credits in 1951. There is $6,220,271.

Mr. ROONEY. Do I understand that the first answer you gave is incorrect?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. No; I was looking at the 1952 column, where the amount we are requesting is larger because we are requesting more money for the leaders and specialist program, which you will recall we testified about in our campaign of truth supplemental.

Mr. ROONEY. If you will please look, Mr. Wilber and Mr. Johnstone, at pages 643 and 644, there is a statement that the increase of 334 in number of grants to be awarded for 1952 is attributable to the expansive programs in the crucial zones, and so forth.

This is to cover how long a period?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. This is for fiscal year 1952, sir.

TOTAL COST PER GRANT

Mr. ROONEY. In the paragraph previous to the one from which I have been reading, we find this statement: "All grants in this category are estimated for a period of 4 months and the total cost for grants under this program was computed from unit cost tables developed by country."

Mr. JOHNSTONE. I thought you were talking about the estimate. The length of grant is for 4 months.

Mr. ROONEY. If we take the figure $1,739,900, which is the amount of the requested increase above the amount allowed in the current fiscal year, and divide it by 334, we have a figure of approximately $5,210 per grant, is that correct?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. I assume that is correct.

Mr. ROONEY. Do not assume it. I do not want you to assume anything with regard to it.

Are we to understand that the $5,210 is to cover a 4-months' period for the grants?

Why do you hesitate, Mr. Johnstone?

Mr. BARRETT. Sir, our budget officer was out of the room at that

moment.

Mr. JOHNSTONE. What I was hesitating for, Mr. Chairman, is because I have a break-down of the average cost of grants. I wanted to check that.

Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, Mr. Bundy, who is familiar with this program is on the way. We did not expect you to finish the previous activity quite that fast. He will be here in just a moment.

Mr. ROONEY. Who is Mr. Bundy?

Mr. MAY. Mr. Bundy is the man directly in charge of this activity. I believe he can answer that.

Mr. ROONEY. I thought Mr. Johnstone was in charge.

Mr. BARRETT. Mr. Bundy is the administrative officer and has had the immediate statistical preparation under his control.

Mr. ROONEY. Will you insert at this point in the record the total amount to be spent for this program in 1952 from sources other than this appropriation, such as the Finnish funds and Fulbright funds? Mr. JOHNSTONE. Mr. Chairmain, I thought I had it in my budget here, a break-down of that cost.

(The requested information was subsequently furnished.)

Statement of funds for grants completely or partially financed in 1952 fiscal year from other sources but administered from USIE-appropriated funds

Finnish program (Public Law 265).
Iranian trust fund (Public Law 861)
Fulbright program (Public Law 584).

1 Dollar equivalent of foreign currencies.

$284,000 71, 040 17, 210, 304

Mr. ROONEY. Turn to page 649 of the justifications. I believe you will find under the 1951 exchange of teachers, 502, at a cost of $510,000 in cash. That would mean approximately $1,000 per grant; is that right?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. Yes.

Mr. ROONEY. Then turn to the requested figure for 1952, $1,131,150. I believe that would disclose that the amount per grant would be approximately $1,500 in USIE funds. How do you account for that requested increase?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. Mr. Chairman, on the previous page you will see the exchange-of-teachers program, and the total number of grants is broken down by those grants, those which are non-Fulbright countries in which we give grants

Mr. ROONEY. I am directing your attention now to the set of four figures.

Mr. JOHNSTONE. The average cost of grants

Mr. ROONEY. If you divide 502 into $510,000 you get approximately $1,000 apiece. If you divide 727 into $1,131,150 you get approximately $1,500 apiece. How do you account for that difference?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. That difference is in part, at least, accounted for because we have attempted to get teachers from countries where the travel cost has gone up. We brought them here in 1951. Some of those teachers are staying a longer time, sir.

Mr. Bundy has the break-down of that figure, and I think he can give you the answer, sir.

Mr. ROONEY. Are there any questions on this, gentlemen?
Mr. Marshall.

CRITICISM OF FOREIGN STUDENTS' TRAINING

Mr. MARSHALL. I believe there has been some criticism about this program, Mr. Johnstone, from the standpoint of the students getting the proper kind of training when they go to some of our schools.

Could you comment on that? Have you heard any criticism of it? Mr. JOHNSTONE. We have been working closely with the colleges and universities in the handling of foreign students. We have had checks made of the kind of training and orientation they are given.

In accordance with the recommendations of this committee more than a year ago, we have arranged for a more extensive orientation for foreign students prior to their coming to the United States, and also while they are here.

We are working with community groups and private groups in the college communities to see they get a chance to live in American homes-to see they get to see more of the United States than the campus itself.

I feel that the criticisms that you refer to, which perhaps were valid, are far less valid today than they were.

We have worked very closely with foreign student advisers-with our exchange committees in all the colleges and universities. There is far more attention being given to this than a year ago.

Mr. MARSHALL. You are watching the curriculum, locations, and all that closely?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. Yes. We are trying to get them out to smaller colleges and universities, where it is possible.

Mr. MARSHALL. I believe that is all, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Stefan.

ELIMINATION OF CASH PAYMENTS

Mr. STEFAN. Why would it not be a good idea to eliminate all the cash and put all of it in the Fulbright program?

Mr. JOHNSTONE. Mr. Chairman, there have been comments, I know, in this committee as to the relative value of bringing foreign nationals to the United States and sending Americans abroad.

I think if you will look at these figures you will see there are more foreign nationals coming to the United States than we are sending Americans abroad under this program.