The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial ChinaStanford University Press, 2001 - 580 頁 In 1644, the Manchus, a relatively unknown people inhabiting China s rude northeastern frontier, overthrew the Ming, Asia s mightiest rulers, and established the Qing dynasty, which endured to 1912. From this event arises one of Chinese history s great conundrums: How did a barely literate alien people manage to remain in power for nearly 300 years over a highly cultured population that was vastly superior in number? This problem has fascinated scholars for almost a century, but until now no one has approached the question from the Manchu point of view. This book, the first in any language to be based mainly on Manchu documents, supplies a radically new perspective on the formative period of the modern Chinese nation. Drawing on recent critical notions of ethnicity, the author explores the evolution of the "Eight Banners, a unique Manchu system of social and military organization that was instrumental in the conquest of the Ming. The author argues that as rulers of China the Manchu conquerors had to behave like Confucian monarchs, but that as a non-Han minority they faced other, more complex considerations as well. Their power derived not only from the acceptance of orthodox Chinese notions of legitimacy, but also, the author suggests, from Manchu "ethnic sovereignty, which depended on the sustained coherence of the conquerors. When, in the early 1700s, this coherence was threatened by rapid acculturation and the prospective loss of Manchu distinctiveness, the Qing court, always insecure, desperately urged its minions to uphold the traditions of an idealized "Manchu Way. However, the author shows that it was not this appeal but rather the articulation of a broader identity grounded in the realities of Eight Banner life that succeeded in preserving Manchu ethnicity, and the Qing dynasty along with it, into the twentieth century. |
搜尋書籍內容
第 1 到 5 筆結果,共 85 筆
第 6 頁
... dynasties established by those peoples . This proposition would seem to be supported by evidence from the Inner Asian ... dynasty , when exten- sive debates were held on the nature of legitimacy . As Chan shows , while champions of ...
... dynasties established by those peoples . This proposition would seem to be supported by evidence from the Inner Asian ... dynasty , when exten- sive debates were held on the nature of legitimacy . As Chan shows , while champions of ...
第 21 頁
... dynasty ( 960-1279 ) allowed control of the northern quarter of the Central Plain , China's heartland , to pass to the Khitan Liao dynasty , founded by a seminomadic tribe descended from peoples who for centuries had raided the ...
... dynasty ( 960-1279 ) allowed control of the northern quarter of the Central Plain , China's heartland , to pass to the Khitan Liao dynasty , founded by a seminomadic tribe descended from peoples who for centuries had raided the ...
第 22 頁
... dynasties before the Mongol onslaught in 1279 meant that the whole empire was under the rule of an alien people . Only with the rise of the " native " Ming dynasty , which overthrew the Mongol Yuan dy- nasty in 1368 , was " China " once ...
... dynasties before the Mongol onslaught in 1279 meant that the whole empire was under the rule of an alien people . Only with the rise of the " native " Ming dynasty , which overthrew the Mongol Yuan dy- nasty in 1368 , was " China " once ...
第 24 頁
... dynasties , in order to make the Chinese forget their origins .... The Chinese have the Chinese language ; but now ... dynasty fell in 1912 — revolutionaries like Zhang Binglin having employed the same type of racist propaganda as the ...
... dynasties , in order to make the Chinese forget their origins .... The Chinese have the Chinese language ; but now ... dynasty fell in 1912 — revolutionaries like Zhang Binglin having employed the same type of racist propaganda as the ...
第 25 頁
... dynasty , " 88 as capitulatory Qing policies led to national disgrace before finally ( and deservedly ) bring- ing down the dynasty itself . The Marxist variation on this theme is that the Manchus were evil because they were " feudal ...
... dynasty , " 88 as capitulatory Qing policies led to national disgrace before finally ( and deservedly ) bring- ing down the dynasty itself . The Marxist variation on this theme is that the Manchus were evil because they were " feudal ...
內容
XIV | 39 |
XV | 42 |
XVI | 47 |
XVII | 52 |
XVIII | 56 |
XIX | 63 |
XX | 72 |
XXI | 78 |
L | 234 |
LI | 235 |
LII | 241 |
LIII | 246 |
LIV | 255 |
LV | 257 |
LVI | 263 |
LVII | 268 |
XXII | 89 |
XXIII | 90 |
XXIV | 93 |
XXV | 98 |
XXVI | 105 |
XXVII | 116 |
XXVIII | 122 |
XXIX | 128 |
XXX | 133 |
XXXI | 134 |
XXXII | 138 |
XXXIII | 146 |
XXXIV | 152 |
XXXV | 156 |
XXXVI | 160 |
XXXVII | 164 |
XXXVIII | 175 |
XXXIX | 182 |
XL | 191 |
XLI | 197 |
XLII | 210 |
XLIV | 212 |
XLV | 216 |
XLVI | 219 |
XLVII | 225 |
XLVIII | 227 |
XLIX | 230 |
其他版本 - 查看全部
常見字詞
acculturation Archives banner garrisons banner households banner officials banner system Beijing bondservant BQTZ capital Ch'ing Chapter China Chinese banner Chinese bannermen chubanshe cited civil clan companies conquest court Crossley cultural Ding dynasty early edict Eight Banners eighteenth century elite Fusen Gaozong Gaozong shilu garrison bannermen Green Standard Army Guangzhou gurun Han Chinese Hangzhou Hong Taiji Hosoya hunt Ibid institutional janggin Jianzhou Jingzhou Jurchen Kangxi emperor KXMaZPZZ language Late Imperial later lieutenant lineage Manchu and Mongol Manchu banners Manchu cities Manchu identity Manchu language Manju Manzhou Manzu MBRT memorial military Ming minzu Mongol Mongol banners Nanjing nation Ningxia niru Nurhaci original palace percent political population posts practice provincial garrisons Qianlong emperor Qing Dynasty Qing rule Qingdai baqi zhufang QLMaZPZZ shamanism Shengzu shilu Shinchō slaves status SYBQ taels Taizu tion troops University Press Xi'an yanjiu Yongzheng emperor YZMaZPZZ Zhapu
熱門章節
第 xxv 頁 - Our youth, of labor patient, earn their bread ; Hardly they work with frugal diet fed. From ploughs and harrows sent to seek renown, They fight in fields, and storm the shaken town.
第 xxv 頁 - Th' inverted lance makes furrows in the plain. Ev'n time, that changes all, yet changes us in vain — The body, not the mind — nor can controul Th' immortal vigour, or abate the soul.
第 22 頁 - I have heard of men using the doctrines of our great land to change barbarians, but I have never yet heard of any being changed by barbarians.
第 xx 頁 - Additional research was assisted by a research grant from the Joint Committee on Chinese Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Research Council, with funds provided by the Andrew W.