Do Fish Feel Pain?OUP Oxford, 2010年3月25日 - 208 頁 While there has been increasing interest in recent years in the welfare of farm animals, fish are frequently thought to be different. In many people's perception, fish, with their lack of facial expressions or recognisable communication, are not seen to count when it comes to welfare. Angling is a major sport, and fishing a big industry. Millions of fish are caught on barbed hooks, or left to die by suffocation on the decks of fishing boats. Here, biologist Victoria Braithwaite explores the question of fish pain and fish suffering, explaining what we now understand about fish behaviour, and examining the related ethical questions about how we should treat these animals. She asks why the question of pain in fish has not been raised earlier, indicating our prejudices and assumptions; and argues that the latest and growing scientific evidence would suggest that we should widen to fish the protection currently given to birds and mammals. |
內容
What Is Pain and Why Does It Hurt? | |
The Evidence That Fish Feel Pain | |
Suffer the Little Fishes? | |
Drawing the Line | |
Why It Took So Long to Ask the Fish Pain Questionand Why It Must Be Asked | |
Looking to the Future | |
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常見字詞
ability activity allow animal welfare answer appear associated avoid aware become begin behaviour birds body brain capacity catch caught cause changes chapter close cognitive concerned consciousness consider crabs damage debate detect determine developed discussed effects electric shocks emotions environment ethical evidence example experience fact farm feel pain fibres fighting fish given goldfish grouper groups handled hook humans hunting individual initially interact interest kinds less look mammals mean measured memory motivation move natural negative nerve nociception nociceptors object once position possible prefer prey problem protect question rats receptors recognize release requires response scientific seems sensation shell signal similar sometimes specialized species stress structures studies suffering swim tank treated trout turns types understanding University vinegar wanted