on October 6, 1909, President Lowell said: "A discussion of the ideal college training would appear to lead to the conclusion that the best type of liberal education in our complex modern world aims at producing men who know a little of everything and something well." Soon after taking office he introduced a radical change in Harvard's elective system by abandoning the plan of unlimited electives and providing for a considerable amount of work by the student in some one field and the general distribution of other subjects under the direction and advice of the faculty.

His writings have won him international recognition as one of the few high authorities on the history and science of government in the English-speaking world. They are: 'Transfer of Stock in Corporations,' in collaboration with Judge Francis C. Lowell (1884); 'Essays

on

Government' (1889); 'Governments and Parties in Continental Europe' (1896); 'Colonial Civil Service,' in collaboration with Professor H. Morse Stevens (1900); 'The Influence of Party upon Legislation in England

and_America' (1902); and 'The Government of England' (1908). From the moment President Lowell began his teaching at Harvard he impressed both students and colleagues with his forceful personality. His elementary course in government was considered the most stimulating line of instruction, as well as the most popular, given to undergraduates. He was a member of the Boston school committee and the executive committee of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and is now a member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity. President Lowell has been trustee of the Lowell Institute of Boston since 1900. In that capacity he has the full financial management of the trust, selects the lectures and in all ways carries on the affairs of the Institute in the service of public education. He was married June 19, 1879, to Anna Parker, daughter of George G. Lowell of Boston, also a descendant of the above mentioned Judge John Lowell.

Henry Gordon Stott was born in the Orkney Islands, off the northern coast of Scotland, May 13, 1866, the son of the Reverend David and Elizabeth Jane (Dibblee) Stott. He received his early education from his father, who was a highly cultured man, and also attended the public schools of his home town. He then took a course at the Watson College Schools, Edinburgh, and subsequently entered the College of Science and Arts, Glasgow (now the Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical College) where he studied mechanical engineering and electricity, graduating in the class of 1885.

Having secured an education he proceeded to gain some practical experience, at first being employed in the engine and boiler room of an electric light company at Glasgow. He then accepted a position as assistant electrician on the steamship Minia, owned by the AngloAmerican Telegraph Company, where for four years and a half he most acceptably performed the difficult duties attendant upon such employment. Beside assisting in repairing the deep sea cables in the Atlantic he also did much independent experimental work on various methods of locating faults in submarine cables. He also did similar work in connection with duplexing the main cable of the United States Cable Company, at that time the largest cable ever duplexed (2,750 knots).

In 1889, however, he decided to make a change and, resigning his position, he accepted employment as assistant engineer in the electric light plant of the Brush Electric Engineering Company at Bournemouth, England. But he remained there for the short period of a year only, and in 1890 went to Madrid, Spain, as assistant engineer on a power plant, underground cable and installation work for the Cia.

In

Inglesea de Luz Electrica. This work was brought to a rapid completion and for a few months he was again in the employ of the Brush Electric Engineering Company. September, 1891, he came to the United States to take charge of the work of installing an underground conduit and cable system for the Buffalo Light and Power Company (later the Buffalo General Electric Company) and his successful performance of the difficult task not only entirely satisfied the officials of the company but was the means of gaining for him wide recognition and an enviable reputation as an exceedingly able electrical engineer. This work also earned for him the appointment of engineer to the company and during the next 10 years he had full charge of all the most important construction work undertaken by that company in Buffalo, including the designing and construction of the new power plant on Wilkeson Street.

With a reputation that was now international Mr. Stott began to reap the reward of patient labor and hard work, and his services were sought by many large corporations. At last on March 1, 1901, he accepted the offer of the Manhattan Railway Company of New York to become superintendent of the new department of motive power, and soon had the operating force organized and running in smooth shape. In this position he also had charge of the completion of the power plant, sub-station and transmission lines at Seventy-fourth Street. In 1904, the Manhattan Railway was leased to the Interborough Rapid Transit Company, but this in no way affected Mr. Stott, as he was requested to remain in the position of superintendent of motor power with the new company. The erection and construction of the power

plant at Fifty-ninth Street was also placed under his direct supervision and he has since devoted his entire time and ability to the affairs of his department, which comprehends both elevated and subway divisions and includes the power houses, high tension transmission lines, 16 sub-stations and the low transmission lines to the third rail.

Mr. Stott is also favorably known as a fluent writer and a brilliant lecturer on technical subjects, among the more noteworthy of his writings being 'The Conversion and Distribution of Received Currents,' 'Power Plant Economics,' 'Notes on the Cost of Power,' and various other papers read before the American Institute of Electrical Engineers; 'Steam Pipe Covering and Its Relation to Station Economy,' read before the Association of Edison Illuminating Companies; and Tests of a 15,000 Kw.

Steam Engine-Turbine Unit,' read before the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He delivered a series of lectures on the subject of "Power Plant Design and Operation," in the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, and has also lectured before the Engineering Society of Columbia University.

Mr. Stott is an active member in the engineering societies to which he belongs and from 1907 to 1908 was president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. He is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the New York Electrical Society, the American Society of Civil Engineers, and the Engineers' Club; he belongs to the Wykagyl Country Club; and is also a 32° Mason. On July 23, 1894, he was married at Brooklyn, N. Y., to Miss Anna Mitchell, and they maintain a beautiful residence at New Rochelle, N. Y.

Enos Melancthon Barton was born at Lorraine, N. Y., December 2, 1842, the son of Sidney William and Fanny (Bliss) Barton. He comes from a family of school teachers, his father being a school superintendent, and his mother, the daughter of Rev. Enos Bliss, a graduate of Yale and an early missionary of Jefferson county. Enos M. Barton was educated in the public and private schools of Lorraine. He early developed remarkable mental aptitude for mathematics, having mastered all the propositions in the school arithmetic as well as those in Davies's 'Elementary Algebra' by the time he was nine years of age. Owing to his father's poor health and limited means, he was early thrown upon his own resources. After working in a country store he became telegraph messenger in the Watertown telegraph office, where he soon became sufficiently expert as an operator, and was occasionally left in temporary charge of the office. Subsequently (in 1856) he secured a position in the postoffice at Watertown, his fellow clerk being Roswell P. Flower. His next position was in the editorial office of the 'Jefferson County News,' conducted by Messrs. Eddy and Schram, but while he performed his duties faithfully and satisfactorily to his employers, such work did not appeal to him so well as the telegraph business, and finally after spending another term at school he went to Syracuse and entered the service of a telegraph company as operator. Shortly afterwards he was transferred to Rochester to be night operator there, a position that pleased him better because it gave him an opportunity to study. He attended a preparatory school in the afternoons while in Rochester, taking advantage of every opportunity to better his education. He even attended the University of Rochester for one year, meanwhile continuing his night work in the telegraph office, but this close application to both work and study began to tell upon him, and he was forced to give up his university course. He did this

just at the outbreak of the Civil War, and was sent to New York by the Western Union Telegraph Company to handle the press reports. He remained there two years, during which he perfected himself in the details of the telegraph business and at the same time completed the sophomore year at the University of New York.

Upon reaching his majority the company transferred him back to Rochester, where he was placed in charge of the day telegraph service. He continued in this office for five years, and it is much to his credit to record that while supporting himself and adding to his education at every opportunity, he was regularly contributing to the support of his aged mother. In the fall of 1868 the company served notice that the salaries of its employees would be reduced 10 per cent., and young Barton thought it time to apply his energies and abilities in another direction. Recognizing the enormous possibilities in the field of electricity, he formed a partnership with George Shawk, of Cleveland, O., to engage in the manufacture of electrical supplies. In the following year, Mr. Shawk sold his interest to Elisha Gray, the inventor, and the firm of Gray and Barton, which was successful from the start, soon became recognized as an important factor in the electrical business. In the fall of 1869 General Anson Stager became a general partner, and in the following year the firm removed to Chicago, where Gray and Barton became still better known. The company very fortunately escaped loss during the conflagration of 1871.

Immediately after that event the Western Electric Company was organized with a capital of $150,000, and among its original stockholders were General Anson Stager, Elisha Gray, Milo G. Kellogg, and Enos M. Barton, General Stager becoming the first president of the new company, and Mr. Barton, secretary. He was vice-president during 1882-86, and in the latter year became president of the company, a position he still holds. The Western Electric Com