Mr. JOLLEY. That make a habit of it.

Senator FRAZIER. How are your buildings here in the reservation? Mr. JOLLEY. Some of the buildings in the reservation need replacement.

Senator FRAZIER. Yes.

Mr. JOLLEY. This building we are in needs replacement.

Senator FRAZIER. We will have to take a recess until 1.30 for lunch. (At 12.10 o'clock p. m. a recess was taken until 1.30 o'clock p. m. of the same day.)

AFTERNOON SESSION

The subcommittee met at 1.30 o'clock, pursuant to the taking of the recess; all parties present as heretofore noted.

Senator FRAZIER. The hearing will come to order.

H. B. JOLLEY was recalled as a witness and, having been previously duly sworn, testified further as follows:

Senator FRAZIER. I was asking you in regard to recommendations in reference to buildings, replacements, and so forth, before lunch. You stated this building should be replaced. What else have you along that line?

Mr. JOLLEY. We should have an employees' club building, capable of furnishing rooms for probably eight single employees, with a dining room in it to accommodate that. That would greatly relieve the congestion in the other quarters here and take care of some additional employees.

Senator FRAZIER. Any other suggestions or recommendations?

Mr. JOLLEY. Well, our boys' building is old and decrepit and should be replaced with a new building.

Senator FRAZIER. What is the condition of it now?

Mr. JOLLEY. It is a very old adobe building. The wash rooms and toilets are old and can not be replaced.

Senator FRAZIER. Unsanitary?

Mr. JOLLEY. Unsanitary.

Senator WHEELER. How many field men have you got here?
Mr. JOLLEY. You mean farmers?

Senator WHEELER. So-called farmers.

Mr. JOLLEY. I just have one at present. The agency farmer posi tion is vacant.

Senator WHEELER. Is he a farmer or just a messenger boy?

Mr. JOLLEY. He will be our farm agent when the position is filled Senator WHEELER. You have one farm man here now?

Mr. JOLLEY. One farm man.

Senator WHEELER. Does he go out among the Indians at all and show them how to farm?

Mr. JOLLEY. Very little. He does the actual running of the schoo and agency farm and looks after the dairy herd.

Senator WHEELER. Do you not think you ought to have a man of some one that would go out among the individual Indians, wher they have a piece of land, and teach them to do something? It doe not do very much good to take and put an Indian on a piece of land unless he knows something about farming and expect him to d something with it. It seems to me you ought to have a farmer go ou and when the Indian is actually putting in his crop show him how to do some farming, what to do about it, and so forth.

Mr. JOLLEY. That is our contention, and when the farm-agent position is filled

Senator FRAZIER. When is that position to be filled?

Mr. JOLLEY. Very soon now, so I hear from the Director of Extension Work.

Senator FRAZIER. I think that is a good thing.

Senator WHEELER. It would be a good thing if you get a man that is any good and knows something about it, and who will go out and actually show the Indians how to farm.

Senator FRAZIER. You have to have some one who knows irrigation and some one who knows how to handle the water.

Senator WHEELER. Do you have anybody on the reservation here that goes out among these Indian homes and shows the women folks something about how to keep their houses in a sanitary and cleanly condition?

Mr. JOLLEY. No, sir; not at the present time.

Senator WHEELER. You do not have anybody?
Mr. JOLLEY. No.

Senator FRAZIER. They have to have some homes first.

Senator WHEELER. They could keep what they have got in better shape than they do keep them and they should be taught to do so. Mr. JOLLEY. I would like to volunteer one statement, if I may. I appear to have given the impression that there were no houses on the reservation. There are at least 15 quite good farm houses, with wood floors, kept in a sanitary condition, and so forth, occupied by Indians. Senator FRAZIER. How are they built?

Mr. JOLLEY. Built by the Indians under the reimbursable plan, by the Government.

Senator FRAZIER. The Government furnished them the money? Mr. JOLLEY. Yes, sir.

Senator FRAZIER. Are there more like to have homes of that kind? Mr. JOLLEY. Yes, sir; I think there are.

Senator FRAZIER. Is the money available?

Mr. JOLLEY. Not at the present time.

Senator WHEELER. Would most of these Indians like to have better houses or would they prefer to live outdoors?

Mr. JOLLEY. I think there are quite a number of them who would like to have better houses right now. There are others who would

not change their present mode of living.

Senator WHEELER. I think that you ought to try to furnish everyone of these Indians that really want a better house to live in and will take care of it, better facilities. They ought to be encouraged to have that house and you ought to loan him the money.

Mr. JOLLEY. Yes.

Senator WHEELER. I was just calling Mr. Scattergood's attention to the fact that when I was out in the Philippine Islands I found some of the Philippine women who were going out among the other Philippine women and actually showing them and encouraging them, for instance, how to take care of their babies, how to take care of their homes. They were accomplishing a tremendous lot of good in that particular locality which I happened to be in, with these Philippines. It seems to me that that same thing could be done on most of these Indian reservations; that some of these Indian women ought to be trained as nurses or in professions of some kind in order that they

may go in and probably do more with the Indian women than some white person could, if you could encourage them along that line. Senator FRAZIER. Do you have a field nurse here?

Mr. JOLLEY. No, sir; we have no field nurse.

Senator FRAZIER. There has been some complaint made, sometime ago, about the highway that goes across here to the valley and which traverses the Indian lands. The Indians claim they have been promised a payment for the damages done and never got the payment. Has that ever been settled?

Mr. JOLLEY. That has been settled. It must be two years since that has been settled.

Senator FRAZIER. And satisfactory to the Indians?

Mr. JOLLEY. I think so.

Mr. GRORUD. Is there another proposed highway project?
Mr. JOLLEY. That is just hard surfacing the present highway.
Senator FRAZIER. And widening it a little?

Mr. JOLLEY. Perhaps.

Senator THOMAS. How many of these Indians live on their own land?

Mr. JOLLEY. I would say

Senator THOMAS. I will request that those who live on their own lands hold up their hands.

Mr. JOLLEY. The Indians who live on their own lands please arise. (A number of Indians stood up.)

Senator THOMAS. One other question: Suppose the bureau had funds enough to employ men to go out among the Indians to show them how to farm. Do all of these Indians who live on their own land have horses, harness, implements, and so forth, with which to farm?

Mr. JOLLEY. Not all.

Senator THOMAS. What per cent do have?

Mr. JOLLEY. I would say about three-fourths.

Senator THOMAS. Three-fourths of the Indians have equipment with which to farm in the event the Government would furnish an agent to go among them and instruct them?

Mr. JOLLEY. Either have or could get them.

Senator THOMAS. Do they have funds?

Mr. JOLLEY. They could borrow from their next door neighbor. exchange equipment, and in that way he could farm his land.

Senator THOMAS. Do you think that would be a desirable policy in order to encourage them to raise something to sell and to live on, for food and to sell something to buy clothing with?

Mr. JOLLEY. Yes, sir.

Senator THOMAS. And such necessities as they might want?
Mr. JOLLEY. I do.

Senator THOMAS. Are they doing that to any considerable extent?
Mr. JOLLEY. Not to any great extent.

Senator THOMAS. Are they being encouraged to do that?

Mr. JOLLEY. Yes, sir; hay and cotton is being raised for sal; but general products not to any great extent.

Senator THOMAS. To what extent do you visit among the Indians? Mr. JOLLEY. Well, I am out on the reservation around some place pretty nearly every day.

Senator THOMAS. Have you any one else working out of the office among the Indians and in their homes?

Mr. JOLLEY. Not at the present time.
Senator THOMAS. Have you ever had?
Mr. JOLLEY. Yes, sir.

Senator THOMAS. How long since you have had?

Mr. JOLLEY. The farmer resigned on December 13 last.

Senator THOMAS. Why has the position not been filled; do you know?

Mr. JOLLEY. Well, the position of farmer was declared abolished and the Civil Service examination was to be held for the new position of farm agent. They did not want to fill the position until the new position became effective. In the meantime I employed a temporary man for a while, but a temporary man can not take the place of a permanent farmer because he can not outline the program like a permanent man can.

Senator THOMAS. That is all I have.

Mr. GRORUD. You stated that there is a suit now pending involving title to the land which the Cocopah Indians have?

Mr. JOLLEY. Yes, sir.

Mr. GRORUD. Is the Indian Bureau defending that suit?

Mr. JOLLEY. The Department of the Interior and the Department of State are defending that suit.

Mr. GRORUD. How long has the suit been pending?

Mr. JOLLEY. About three years now; three or four.
Senator THOMAS. Where is that suit pending?
Mr. JOLLEY. Well, it is in Washington, D. C.

Senator THOMAS. In the courts in Washington?

Mr. JOLLEY. No; it is between the Mexican Government and our State Department.

Senator THOMAS. It is a diplomatic matter, a State Department matter?

Mr. JOLLEY. Yes, sir.

Senator THOMAS. Through the Mexican-American Claims Commission?

Mr. JOLLEY. The Mexican claims ownership of the farmers' land upon which the Cocopah Reservation is located.

Senator THOMAS. Is that in Arizona?

Mr. JOLLEY. It is on the Arizona side of the river, in Arizona; yes, sir.

Senator THOMAS. That is all.

Mr. JOLLEY. I wonder if I could offer to the committee a resolution by some of the Yuma Indians.

Senator FRAZIER. We will be glad to have it.

Mr. JOLLEY. I am sending the original of this into the department. (The document referred to above is as follows:)

FORT YUMA, CALIF., April 9, 1931.

The Yuma Indians gathered at the assembly hall of the Yuma Indian Boarding School and discussed the following items. The undersigned committee was appointed to present said items to the honorable Senators of the Senate Indian Affairs Committee.

I. Extension of trust period. In view of the fact that the 25-year trust period on our allotments will soon expire, and considering that we have a large debt to be met, due to the reimbursable money appropriated from time to time for the purpose of buying stock and implements and to build houses and other

necessities, and considering the poverty of our people, we urgently request the honorable Senators on the Indian Committee to grant us an extension of the trust period on our allotments.

II. Water charge.-A source of much worry and unhappiness is existing among our Yuma Indians on account of the accumulation of water and construction charges on our allotments. We are doubtful that at the end of the trust period we will receive our patent free from all charge and encumbrance. There is a dark cloud of uncertainty hanging over us to this extent; therefore, we beg the honorable Senators to clear this up so that our children will inherit our lands and property free from all encumbrances whatsoever.

III. Schools.-A report was submitted to the department with a recommendation of the discontinuance of our boarding school in the Yuma Reservation. This report has discouraged quite a number of our Indians, and by reason of the fact that this school has been of great benefit to our children, and we believe the present plan is best suited for the education of our children; therefore, we, the Yuma Indians, in counsel assembled, whole-heartedly request the continuation of the present school.

Senator THOMAS. In reference to the trust period when does their

trust period expire?

Mr. JOLLEY. In 1939.

Senator THOMAS. Does it take an act of Congress to extend the trust period or can it be done through proclamation by the President? Mr. JOLLEY. I am not able to answer the question.

Senator WHEELER. It has to be done by Congress.

Senator THOMAS. Under certain laws it can be done by presidential proclamation. In 1878 a law was passed giving the President the right to extend the period. If it is necessary to have a presidential proclamation, that could be done upon request of the department. If it takes an act of Congress, the suggestion is made that you take the matter to your Senator or Congressman and you will have no trouble to have done what you want to have done, or what the Indians wish to have done.

Senator FRAZIER. Anything else?

Mr. JOLLEY. Just another statement. We talked here about the industry and ability of the Yuma Indian. I did not get the opportunity to state that we have several outstanding citizens who would be a credit to any race. The principal linotype operator and mechanic at the Sun office is a full-blood Indian.

Senator THOMAS. What is his name?

Mr. JOLLEY. Edmond Jackson. One of the men in the Phoenix post office is a full-blood Indian.

Senator THOMAS. What is his name?

Mr. JOLLEY. Bernard Jackson. The superintendent of the Arizona Edison Co. is a half-blood Yuma Indian.

Senator THOMAS. If you have his name, give it?

Mr. JOLLEY. Samuel De Corse. There are other Indians who are away from the reservation-I can not recall their names at the present time-holding quite good positions.

Senator THOMAS. Do you not think it would be a good policy to advertise these Indians who have made a success in order to let the other Indians know that it is possible for them likewise to do something of that sort?