Growth Triumphant: The Twenty-first Century in Historical PerspectiveUniversity of Michigan Press, 2009年11月10日 - 216 頁 Taking a longer view than most literature on economic development, Richard A. Easterlin stresses the enormous contrast between the collective experience of the last half century in both developed and developing countries and what has gone before. An economic historian and demographer, the author writes in the tradition of the "new economic history," drawing on economic theory and quantitative evidence to interpret the historical experience of economic theory and population growth. He reaches beyond the usual disciplinary limits to draw, as appropriate, on sociology, political science, psychology, anthropology, and the history of science. The book will be of interest not only to social scientists but to all readers concerned with where we have been and where we are going. ". . . Easterlin is both an economic historian and a demographer, and it is the combination of these two disciplines and the fine balance between theory and experience that make this well-written, refreshingly optimistic book excellent reading." --Population and Development Review "In this masterful synthesis, Richard Easterlin draws on the disciplines of economic history, demography, sociology, political science, psychology, and the history of science to present an integrated explation of the origins of modern economic growth and of the mortality revolution. . . . His book should be easily accessible to non-specialists and will give them a sense of why economic history can inform our understanding of the future." --Dora L. Costa, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, EH.Net and H-Net "Growth Triumphant is, simply, a fascinating book. Easterlin has woven together a history of economic growth, economic development, human mortality and morbidity, the connections each has with the others, and the implications of this nexus of forces on the future. . . . This book deserves a wide audience." --Choice "In what must surely be the most fair-minded, well-balanced, and scrupulously reasoned and researched book on the sensational subjects implied in its title--the Industrial Revolution, the mortality and fertility revolutions, and the prospects for future happiness for the human race--Professor Easterlin has set in place the capstone of his research career." --Journal of Economic History Richard A. Easterlin is Professor of Economics, University of Southern California. |
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advances agriculture areas Asia associated average capita income chapter childbearing contraceptive costs coun Date Invention demand demographic demographic transition developed countries disease Easterlin economic epoch economic history epoch of modern Europe evidence factors family planning family size limitation fertility transition GDP per capita growth rates happiness health technology higher impact improvement increase Industrial Revolution infant and child innovation Japan Karnataka labor force limit family living levels Maddison major measures modern eco modern economic growth Mokyr mortality decline Mortality Revolution motivation nineteenth century nomic growth occurred onset output pattern percent period political population growth projected public health rapid rate of population real per capita reduce relative rise Second Industrial Revolution shift social spread of modern sub-Saharan Africa tality techniques technological change Third World Third World countries tion today's developed countries trade trends typically United Nations urban workers World Bank World War II
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第 140 頁 - A house may be large or small; as long as the surrounding houses are equally small it satisfies all social demands for a dwelling. But let a palace arise beside the little house, and it shrinks from a little house to a hut.
第 137 頁 - Taken all together, how would you say things are these days — would you say that you are very happy, pretty happy, or not too happy?
第 140 頁 - In all societies, more money for the individual typically means more individual happiness. However, raising the incomes of all does not increase the happiness of all. The happiness-income relation provides a classic example of the logical fallacy of composition — what is true for the individual is not true for society as a whole.
第 143 頁 - The advancement of the arts from year to year taxes our credulity and seems to presage the arrival of that period when human improvement must end.
第 28 頁 - Thus it is that our minds having been formed under the influence of phenomena governed by the laws of mechanics, certain conceptions entering into those laws become implanted in our minds, so that we readily guess at what the laws are.
第 28 頁 - Thus although societies can accelerate or decelerate scientific growth by lending or denying support to science or certain parts of it, they can do relatively little to direct its course.
第 96 頁 - When this is done it would seem that the typical workingclass mother of the 1 890's, married in her teens or early twenties and experiencing ten pregnancies, spent about fifteen years in a state of pregnancy and in nursing a child for the first year of its life. She was tied, for this period of time, to the wheel of childbearing.
第 57 頁 - Central to this syndrome are: (1) openness to new experience, both with people and with new ways of doing things such as attempting to control births; (2) the assertion of increasing independence from the authority of traditional figures like parents and priests...
第 121 頁 - It is seldom realized that a child absorbs more resources than an old person, on the average. At current mortality and current standards of consumption, educational performance, and social security in the Federal Republic of Germany, it costs society about onefourth to one-third more to bring up an average child from birth to the age of 20 than to support an average person of 60 years over the rest of his or her life.
第 86 頁 - Lanka's reply provides an illustration: unless there is some prospect of a slowing down in the rate of population growth and relative stability in at least the long run, it is difficult to envisage substantial benefits from planning and development. It is not so much the size of the population in an absolute sense; but rather the rate of increase that tends to frustrate attempts to step up the rate of investment and to increase income per head. Apart from the difficult process of cutting present...