Scientific and Engineering Manpower in Communist China, 1949-1963

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National Science Foundation, 1965 - 588 頁

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第 5 頁 - We won victories in the campaign against the three evils (corruption, waste and bureaucracy) and five evils (bribery, tax evasion, theft of state property, cheating on government contracts and stealing economic information for...
第 255 頁 - He encouraged intellectuals to open new paths in practical work and to adhere to the policy of letting "a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend
第 120 頁 - ... scientific talents. In 1959, it employed a research staff of 7,000. Among these, 800 were senior scientists. Each of the Academy's research institutes employes several outstanding senior scientists, most of them directors or deputy directors. They may also serve as department members in the Academy. In institutions of higher learning, qualified scientists are generally full professors, and a number also serve as deans or chairmen of departments. Many of these university professors are invited...
第 23 頁 - Plan period, we should continue to learn from the latest scientific and technical achievements in the Soviet Union and other countries, and start building up in our country the most advanced branches of science and techniques known to the world, such as the science of atomic energy, electronics, and the techniques of automation and remote control; we should also achieve marked results in other important fields of scientific and...
第 23 頁 - ... fertilizers, improvements in cultivation techniques, the growing of high-grade seeds and the breeding of better strains of livestock. At the same time, we should, in the light of specific conditions, make suitable use of tractors on state farms, in reclaimed areas, and in areas raising industrial crops. (11) We should energetically develop scientific research with emphasis on particular subjects in accordance with the needs of national construction. During the Second...
第 181 頁 - They suddenly and unilaterally decided to withdraw all their experts, totaling 1,390, who were assisting China in its work, tore up 343 contracts and supplementary provisions concerning the experts, and annulled 257 items of scientific and technical cooperation. After that, they heavily slashed the supply of whole sets of equipment and crucial parts of installations. This caused heavy losses to China's construction work and dislocated its original plan for the development of the national economy,...
第 227 頁 - Western-trained scientists and engineers now working on the Chinese mainland still will be around 4,500 with 900-1,000 holding Ph. D. degrees. These 4,500 Western- and Japanese-trained scientists and engineers constitute the backbone of China's professional, scientific, and technical manpower. They not only form much of the core of scientific personnel in the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other research organizations, but also they have become a leading force in institutions of higher learning.
第 194 頁 - ... being exported, while interior raw material-producing areas had little industrial productive capacity. Away from coastal areas, there was only one heavy industrial base, which the Japanese had developed in the Liaoning Province, and several additional centers of light industry. 9. "By February, 1960, the Soviet Union had sent to Communist China about 10,000 sets of specifications, including more than 1,250 designs for capital construction, about 4,000 blueprints for the manufacture of machinery...
第 247 頁 - Let a Hundred Flowers Bloom, Let a Hundred Schools of Thought Contend" to spur the prosperity of cultural and intellectual enterprises within the confines of strict socialist discipline.
第 206 頁 - The Origin and Development of the Difference Between the Leadership of the CPSU and Ourselves," and "On the Question of Stalin.

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