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TO THE

THIRD EDITION.

THE firft Edition of the following Work

was printed in the end of the year 1775, and in the beginning of the year 1776. Through the greater part of the Book, therefore, whenever the present state of things is mentioned, it is to be understood of the ftate they were in, either about that time or at fome earlier period, during the time I was employed in writing the Book. To the third Edition, however, I have made feveral additions, particularly to the chapter upon Drawbacks, and to that upon Bounties; likewise a new chapter entitled, The Conclufion of the Mercantile Syftem; and a new article to the chapter upon the expenses of the fovereign. In all these additions, the prefent ftate of things means always the state in which they were during the year 1783 and the beginning of the year 1784

ADVERTISEMENT

то тнЕ

FOURTH EDITION.

IN this fourth Edition I have made no alterations

of any kind. I now, however, find myself at liberty to acknowledge my very great obligations to Mr. HENREY HOP of Amfterdam. To that Gentleman I owe the most diftinct, as well as liberal information, concerning a very interesting and important fubject, the Bank of Amsterdam; of which no printed account had ever appeared to me fatisfactory, or even intelligible. The name of that Gentleman is fo well known in Europe, the information which comes from him muft do fo much honor to whoever has been favored with it, and my vanity is fo much interested in making this acknowledgment, that I can no longer refufe myself the pleasure of prefixing this Advertisement to this new Edition of my Book.

I

CONTENTS

OF THE

FIRST VOLUM E.

Reflections on the Formation and Distribution of Riches
Mr. Turgot.

INTRODU

NTRODUTION AND PLAN OF THE

WORK.

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BOOK I

Of the Causes of Improvement in the pro-
ductive Powers of Labor, and of the
Order according to which its Produce is
naturally distributed among the different
Ranks of the People.

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6

ibid.

19

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Of the real and nominal Price of Commodities
or of their Price in Labor, and their Price
in Money

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33

43

70

82

Of the Wages of Labor

96

CHA P. IX.

Of the Profits of Stock

133

СНАР. Х.

Of Wages and profit in the different Employ-
ments of Labor and Stock

Page 151

PART I. Inequalities arifing from the Nature
of the Employments themselves.

152

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PART II. Of the Produce of Land which
fometimes does, and fometimes does not,
afford Rent

PART III. Of the Variations in the Propor-
tion between the refpective Values of that
Sort of Produce which always affords Rent,
and of that which fometimes does, and fome-
times does not, afford Rent

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Digreffion concerning the Variations in the
Value of Silver during the Course of the Four
laft Centuries

Firft Period

Second Period

Third Period

227

252

V

273

276

299

301

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