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SPECIAL PAY FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, AND VETERINARY CORPS OFFICERS. Medical and Dental Corps officers are eligible for special pay as follows: Less than 2 years active service$100 monthly; 2-6 years of active service $150 monthly; 6-10 years active service-$200 monthly; over 10 years active service-$250 monthly. Veterinary Corps officers are entitled to a flat rate of $100.00 per month special pay, regardless of years served.

FOREIGN DUTY PAY. When enlisted members are on duty outside the continental limits of the United States or in Alaska, elsewhere than in a territory or possession of the United States of which they are residents, they are entitled to foreign duty pay as shown in the accompanying table.

FOREIGN DUTY PAY
Monthly

$2.57 daily if rations in kind are not available, and $3.42 daily under emergency conditions where no Government messing facilities are available.

Quarters. Officers and warrant officers without dependents are furnished individual rooms in bachelor officers' quarters ("BOQ"). Enlisted members without dependents are quartered in barracks; there are usually individual rooms for noncommissioned officers. All personnel with dependents are either provided with family quarters, including utilities, or paid quarters allowances. The amounts paid are shown in the accompanying tables, except that enlisted personnel without dependents are paid $51.30 monthly when government quarters are not available.

QUARTERS ALLOWANCES

With dependents

RESPONSIBILITY PAY. Officers in

Monthly

Grade

Rate

Grade

Rate

Pay grade

Without dependents

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- 5

136.80

102.60

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grades O-3, O-4, O-5, and O-6 may receive extra pay when serving in assignments of unusual responsibility. This extra pay is limited to 10% of all officers in grades O-4, O-5, and O-6 and to 5% of all officers in grade O-3. The amounts of extra pay are $50 monthly for grades O-3 and O-4, $100 monthly for grade O-5, and $150 monthly for grade O-6.

PROFICIENCY PAY. Recent legislation provides proficiency pay for enlisted men in either of two ways. First, he may be advanced to any grade and receive the pay but not the rank of the higher grade, or second, three proficiency ratings P-1, P-2, and P-3, paying monthly rates of up to $50, $100, and $150 respectively are authorized. Only one of the methods may be used throughout a particular service; the Army is to use the P-1, P-2, P-3 ratings, at less than the maximum rates authorized. P-1 payments of $30 per month began 1 November 1958.

ALLOWANCES. Subsistence. Officers and warrant officers receive a subsistence allowance of $47.88 monthly. Enlisted personnel receive $1.10 daily if they are authorized to mess separately,

Clothing Allowances. Enlisted members receive an initial issue of clothing. Commencing with the first day of the seventh month of active military service they receive a monthly maintenance allowance to cover the replacement of personal clothing and the cost of repairs. The allowance is $4.20 per month from the 7th through the 36th month of service; thereafter it is $5.40 per month for male members and $6.00 per month for female members.

Cost-of-Living Allowances. These are

granted to persons on duty in oversea areas where living costs are higher than those in the United States. They are based on information submitted by the commander of the oversea area, and are reviewed semiannually.

Travel and

Transportation Allowances. When Army personnel are ordered away from their home station on public business they are entitled to transportation at Government expense, or to transportation allowances in lieu thereof if they pay their own expenses. These allowances may include payment or reimbursement for meals, quarters, and travel expenses. The rates are specified in Joint Travel Regulations. If the orders direct a permanent change of station, officers, and enlisted members in grades E-4 (with more than 4 years service) or higher, are entitled to transportation of dependents and household goods at Government pense. A dislocation allowance, amounting to one month's quarters allowance, is provided on permanent change of station to members with dependents; this is designed to compensate for incidental expenses incurred in relocating a household.

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SERVICES GIVEN BY POSTS AND INSTALLATIONS. Army personnel are entitled to receive various services from the post or installation at which they are stationed, in the fields of medical care, shopping facilities, education and training, religion, and recreation. Responsibility for providing such services rests with the post commander.

Medical Care. Army personnel and their dependents are entitled to medical care. On this topic see chapter 15. For medical care of veterans see chapter 23.

Shopping Facilities. A military installation constitutes a community separate from nearby civilian towns or cities. To provide convenient facilities where Army members may purchase items needed in daily living, commissaries and post exchanges are operated. Food and groceries are sold by the commissary; the post exchange carries a selection of items, ranging from toilet articles to small electric appliances. In oversea areas, post exchange facilities are somewhat comparable to those of a department store.

Education, Military Personnel. In addition to professional training, the Army provides its members with facilities and incentives for continuing their general education. For details see chapter 8.

Education of Dependents. In the United States, schools are operated on Army posts whenever enough children of Army personnel are living there to warrant it. These schools are part of the public school system of the neighboring area, and therefore are not run by the Army. In oversea areas, however, the Army provides primary and secondary schooling, or furnishes financial assistance in payment for it, if the Secretary of the Army finds that the existing schools in the area are inadequate.

Religious Facilities. There are ample chapel facilities at all military installations, and chaplains are available to minister to the spiritual needs of followers of the Christian and Jewish faiths. (See also "The Chaplains," chapter 2.)

Recreation. Through its service clubs, libraries, gymnasiums, athletic programs, theaters, craft shops, and other related facilities, the Army Special Services sponsors a wide variety of recreational activities, which contribute to the physical and mental well-being of Army personnel and their families and help to create a healthy environment for the Army community.

The service club is the military "community center" for enlisted members, their families, and their guests. In their programs, service clubs include dances, parties, hobby and interest groups, games and tournaments, informal soldier shows, soldier choruses, package shows, contests, forums, and related activities. Other services sometimes given are the provision of materials for wrapping packages and gifts; long-distance telephone service; information on events of interest occurring on the post or in nearly civilian communities; and often free tickets to such events.

At posts and installations in the United States, and in noncombatant areas overseas, there are excellent libraries which provide advisory guidance, references, and hospital and field library service. Many of them also have facilities for lectures, reading clubs,

music hours, and the like. Branch libraries, deposit collections, and bookmobiles serve persons at a distance from the main library. In combat and maneuver areas and at small isolated stations the Army seeks to provide enough books and magazines for everyone, with something for every taste.

Gymnasiums and other facilities are available for individual and group athletics. Organized athletics include football, soccer, touch football, baseball, basketball, boxing, track and field, swimming and diving, golf, tennis, and bowling. Competition is with outside teams and also on an intra-unit basis. Outstanding athletes may be selected to represent the United States in international competitions, such as the Olympic and Pan-American Games.

Post theaters show motion pictures regularly. They are often used to present professional entertainment units provided by the USO, particularly in oversea areas. Shows are also put on by soldier actors in the theaters, and in recreation halls, hospital wards, sports arenas, field houses, and service clubs. They range from the informal type, such as quiz shows, jam sessions, and quartet parades, to more elaborate affairs such as variety shows, plays, music festivals, and musical comedies.

etc.

Crafts shops offer equipment, tools, and instruction in such activities as automobile repair, radio repair, photography, woodworking, model building, leather craft, ceramics, plastics, Many materials are available at cost. Accompanying tables list the numbers of recreation facilities of various types available in the Army as of 30 June 1957 and the recreational activities that took place during the three months ending 30 June 1957.

Open Messes. At each Army installation of any size there are an Officers' Open Mess, available to all officers stationed there, and a Noncommissioned Officers' Open Mess for the higher enlisted grades. Open messes ordinarily serve food to members and their families at reasonable rates, and sponsor dances and other social activities. They are self-sustaining, like a civilian country club, although membership fees are usually much lower.

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Leaves and Passes. Army personnel are in general entitled to leave at the rate of 22 days per month, or 30 days for a complete year, of active service. Leaves are approved by local commanders if military requirements per

mit. Oversea personnel may be granted emergency leave in the United States if a personal emergency requires their presence at home. Commanders may also grant special passes for up to 72 hours, not chargeable as leave.

RESERVE COMPONENTS NOT ON ACTIVE DUTY

Most members of the Army Reserve and National Guard are not serving on continuous Federal active duty. A reservist assigned to a reserve unit must participate in its scheduled drills and in 15 to 17 days of annual field training. For each drill session attended he earns one day's pay of his grade (allowances

are not included). During the annual field training, he receives the pay and allowances of a member of the active Army. Except for such periods of active duty, reservists are not eligible for post exchange and commissary privileges, medical care, or the other benefits afforded to members of the Active Army.

RETIREMENT

Army personnel may qualify for retirement by length of service, by age, or because of physical disability. Monthly retired pay based on length of service or age is computed by multiplying the basic monthly pay of the grade in which retired by 22% times the years of service creditable for basic pay. Pay for physical disability retirement is computed by multiplying the basic monthly pay of the grade in which retired either by the percentage of disability awarded or by 22% times the years of creditable active service. However, retired pay may not exceed 75% of basic pay. The retired pay as thus computed is reduced by amounts withheld for Federal income tax, insurance allotments, annuity payments under the Uniformed Services Contingency Option Act of 1953, or other debits to the member's account.

Public Law 85-422, which fixed the rates of pay for the Active Army shown earlier in this chapter, also provided that personnel retired before 1 June 1958 would receive a 6% increase in their retired pay and that personnel retiring after 31 May 1958 would compute their retired pay using the rates shown

for the Active Army. The accompanying tables therefore show the rates of retired pay after 20 years service and after 30 years service for both groups.

RETIREMENT FOR LENGTH OF SERVICE; OFFICERS. An officer may request retirement after 20 or more years of active service. At least 10 years of this must have been commissioned service if he is either a reserve commissioned officer or a Regular commissioned officer with less than 30 years' service. Such requests are acted upon in accordance with policies in effect at the time.

A Regular officer in the permanent grade of lieutenant-colonel, who has not been selected for promotion to the permanent grade of colonel before completing 28 years of service, is retired. A Regular officer in the grade of colonel or brigadier general, who has not been selected for promotion to a higher permanent grade after serving 5 years in grade or completing 30 years of service, whichever is later, is retired (unless he is a brigadier general selected for retention to age 60). A Regular officer in the grade of major general is

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MONTHLY RETIRED PAY FOR THOSE RETIRED BEFORE 1 JUNE 1958

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MONTHLY RETIRED PAY FOR THOSE RETIRED AFTER 31 MAY 1958

328.65

E-2

70.28

105.42

297.65

E-1

56.50

84.75

421.67

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retired after serving 5 years in grade or completing 35 years of service, whichever is later, unless he is approved for retention to the age of 60 or to age 64 if he is serving in grade O-9 or 0-10.

The grade which an officer holds on the retired list, and on which his retired pay is computed, is either the grade in which he retired, or any higher temporary grade which he may have held in the past provided he held it satisfactorily for at least six months.

Regular officers retired for length of service are subject to recall to active duty at any time. Retired Reserve officers may be recalled only with their consent.

RETIREMENT FOR LENGTH OF SERVICE; ENLISTED MEMBERS. Enlisted personnel of the Regular Army may request retirement after 20 or more years' active service. They are retired in the grade held at the time of retirement. If an enlisted member held a

higher grade or rank on active duty, he or she will be advanced to the highest temporary grade satisfactorily held after completing 30 years total service (active plus retired).

RETIREMENT FOR AGE. If not retired earlier, officers in the permanent grade of brigadier general or below are retired at age 60; permanent major generals, at age 62. Professors of the United States Military Academy are retired at age 64. Male warrant officers are retired at age 62 if they have completed 20 years service; female warrant officers, at age 55 if they have completed 20 years service. There is at present no provision of law for retiring enlisted personnel for age.

RETIREMENT FOR PHYSICAL DISABILITY. If a member of the Army becomes permanently disqualified for active duty as a result of a service-connected disability, not brought about by his own misconduct or negligence, and

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