former is worn on the left breast pocket, the latter on the right breast pocket. The guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery is authorized a badge on the right breast pocket, designated as "The Guard, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Identification Badge." UNIT DECORATIONS These are awarded to units of the Armed Forces for exceptional performance in armed conflict. As evidence of the award the unit displays an embroidered streamer with its colors or guidons, and an individual emblem is issued for wear with the uniform. There are two such decorations, the Distinguished Unit Citation and the Meritorious Unit Commendation. DISTINGUISHED UNIT CITATION. Awarded to units of the Armed Forces of the United States and cobelligerent nations for extraordinary heroism in action against an enemy on or after 7 December 1941. The degree of heroism required is the same as that which would warrant award of the Distinguished Service Cross to an individual. The Distinguished Unit streamer is blue, with the name of the action embroidered in white. A Distinguished Unit emblem may be worn permanently by all individuals who were assigned, or permanently attached and present for duty, as members of the unit, in the action for which it was cited. Persons who join the unit later may wear the emblem while serving with the unit. The emblem is a blue ribbon set in a gold-colored metal frame of laurel leaves, and is worn on the right breast centered over the pocket. A bronze oak leaf cluster is added for each subsequent citation. The equivalent unit decoration awarded by the United States Navy is the Presidential Unit Citation. That decoration has been awarded to a number of Army units; and it is a common error to use the name "Presidential Unit Citation" when referring to the "Distinguished Unit Citation." MERITORIOUS UNIT COMMENDATION. Awarded to units of the Armed Forces of the United States and cobelligerent nations for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services for at least 6 months during the period of military operations against the armed enemy occurring on or after 1 January 1944. The degree of achievement required is the same as that which would warrant award of the Legion of Merit to an individual. The Meritorious Unit streamer is scarlet, with the name of the theater of operations in which service was rendered embroidered in white. Meritorious Unit emblems may be worn permanently by all individuals who were assigned, or were permanently attached and present for duty, as members of the unit, for at least 60 days during the period for which the commendation was awarded. Persons who were with the unit in this period for less than 60 days, or who join it later, may wear the emblem while serving with it. The emblem is a golden laurel wreath on a square of cloth of the same material as the uniform. It is worn centered on the outside half of the right sleeve, with the points of the laurel wreath up, the lower half of the insignia 4 inches above the end of the sleeve. A golden numeral is centered within the laurel wreath, beginning with the numeral "2" to denote the second and succeeding periods during which an individual qualifies. FOREIGN DECORATIONS In recent wars our cobelligerents and other friendly nations have awarded numerous decorations to personnel of our Armed Forces. However, there is a clause in the Constitution which is interpreted to forbid the acceptance and wearing of such decorations without Congressional approval. Congress has passed blanket authorization laws covering wartime periods, and many foreign decorations have been accepted under their provisions. A member of the Army receiving a foreign award at a time when no such blanket authoriza tion law is in effect must forward the medal and accompanying documents to The Adjutant General, who in turn delivers them into the custody of the Secretary of State. Only the names of retired persons, for whom the Department of State is thus holding foreign awards, may be presented to Congress for individual authorization of the acceptance and wearing of the awards. Such a list is submitted to the second session of each alternate Congress. Persons connected with the Military Assistance Program are not permitted to receive decorations from the government of the foreign country in which they are stationed, unless in connection with actual combat operations, or for acts of heroism, such as the saving of life. A number of foreign governments have conferred decorations on units of our Armed Forces. Embroidered streamers are provided in distinctive colors for such a unit's colors or guidon. The only emblems authorized for individual wear on the uniform, to indicate such a foreign decoration received by a unit, are the French and Belgian Fourragères, the Netherlands Orange Lanyard, the Philippine Presidential Unit Citation Badge, and the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation Badge. Temporary wear is authorized only in the case of the French Fourragère. AWARDS TO CIVILIANS Three such awards are described below. MEDAL FOR MERIT. Awarded to any civilian who distinguished himself by exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services (the same criteria as for the Legion of Merit). The award was made by a Medal for Merit Board appointed by the President and responsible directly to him; nominations were made to the Board by the Armed Services. The Board has been disbanded, and no awards have been made since 1952. The medal is gold-finished bronze, upon which is displayed the eagle of the United States, resting on a sheaf of arrows and encircled by thirteen stars of white enamel on a gold-bronze ring; below is the motto "Novus ordo seclorum" ("A new order of the ages"). The ribbon is purple-red, with two white stripes placed centrally. MEDAL FOR FREEDOM. Awarded to any person other than a member of the Armed Forces who, after 6 December 1941, performed a meritorious act or service which aided the United States in the prosecution of a war, or similarly aided any nation engaged with the United States in prosecution of a war against a common enemy; or who, during a period of national emergency, has furthered the interests of the security of the United States or any nation allied or associated with the United States, when the award of a military decoration is inappropriate. Under special circumstances, without regard to the existence of a state of war or national emergency, it may be awarded for a meritorious act or service in the interest of the security of the United States. Awards to United States citizens are made without reference to degree. Awards to foreigners are made in one of the following degrees: with gold palm (equivalent of the Legion of Merit, Chief Commander), with silver palm (equivalent of Legion of Merit, Commander), with bronze palm (equivalent of Legion of Merit, Officer and Legionnaire), without palm (equivalent to a Bronze Star Medal). The medal is a bronze disk displaying the head, shoulders, and headdress of Freedom. In an arc at the bottom is the word "Freedom." The ribbon is red with four white stripes placed centrally. DISTINGUISHED CIVILIAN SERVICE MEDAL. Awarded to any civilian, other than an employee of the Department of the Army, who renders outstanding service during peacetime which makes a substantial contribution to the accomplishment of the Army's mission. The award is made by the Secretary of the Army on recommendation of a staff agency. The medal is a gold-filled bronze disk, displaying a laurel wreath, over which is a triangle with an eagle. The ribbon is white, with stripes of blue, red, and blue on each side. Organization Co C, 119th Inf Co H, 131st Inf Allworth, Edward C. Capt. MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS The following is a list of Medal of Honor recipients since our entrance into World War I LIST OF MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS FOR WORLD WAR I Name, ASN, & Rank Adkison, Joseph B. 1315019, Sgt. Allex, Jake 1387815, Cpl. 130th F.A., Observer 50th Aero Sqdn Co H, 364th Inf Co B, 344th Bn Tank Corps 356th Inf. Co A, 1st Engr 6 Oct 18 26-27 3 Nov 18 9 Oct 18 Cléry-le-Petit, France Consenvoye, France Bois de Bantheville, Pouilly, France Cunel, France Medeah Farm, France St. Souplet, France Binarville, France Eclisfontaine, France Varennes, France Le Champy Bas, France Verdun, France Bois de Consenvoye, Villers-Cotterets, France Belleau, France Sommerance-Landres-etSt. George Road, France Landres & St. George, France Montbrehain, France Grand Pré, France Bantheville, France Ronssoy, France Binarville, France Bois de Forges, France Bois Consenvoye, France Montbrehain, France Pouilly, France Gréves Farms, France Vaux-Andigny, France Name, ASN, & Rank Hill, Ralyn 1381313, Cpl. Hilton, Richmond H. 1312381, Sgt. Hoffman, Charles F. 116329, Gun Sgt. Holderman, Nelson M. Capt. Johnston, Harold I. 2202872, PFC Karnes, James E. 1307595, Sgt. Katz, Philip C. 2263512, Sgt. Kaufman, Benjamin 1709787, 1st Sgt. Kelly, John J. 121285, Pvt. *Kocak, Matej 116613, Sgt. Lathem, John C. 1212528, Sgt. *Lemert, Milo 1315827, Sgt. Loman, Berger 1389565, Pvt. *Luke, Frank, Jr. Neibaur, Thomas G. O'Neill, Richard W. 89741, Sgt. *O'Shea, Thomas E. 1212577, Cpl. Parker, Samuel I. 2d Lt. Peck, Archie A. 1704658, Pvt. *Perkins, Michael J. 60527, PFC *Pike, Emory J. Lt Col. Pope, Thomas A. 1387320, Cpl. *Pruitt, John H. 121222, Cpl. Regan, Patrick 2d Lt. Rickenbacker, Edward F. Co D, 101st Inf 82d Div, M.G. Officer, 328th Inf Co E, 131st Inf 6th Regt, 78th Co. USMC Co H, 115th Inf 94th Aero Sq. Air Service 369th Inf Co A, 344th Bn 25 Sep 18 29-30 Sep 18 4 Oct 18 8 Oct 18 28 Sep 18 Exermont, France Landreset-St. George, France Oureq River, France LeCatelet, France Soissons, France Argonne Forest Belieu Bois, France Vandiers, France Hamel, France Bois de Consenvoye, France Billy, France Sechault, France Montrebeau Wood, France St. Etienne, France Bourevuilles, France Bois de Forges, France Grand-Pré, France Epinonville, France Cheppy, France Consenvoye, France LIST OF MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND LIST OF MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS FOR WORLD WAR II Name, ASN, & Rank Adams, Lucian 38417242, S/Sgt Anderson, Beauford T. 36272960, T/Sgt Antolak, Sylvester 35035020, Sgt Atkins, Thomas E. 34517857, Pfc. Baker, Addison E. 0-280827, Lt. Col. Baker, Thomas A. 20201130, Sgt Barfoot, Van T. 0-1683485, 2d Lt Barrett, Carlton W. 12005025, Pvt Beaudoin, Raymond O. 0-1996633, 1st Lt Bell, Bernard P. 34336107, T/Sgt Bender, Stanley 6920404, S/Sgt Benjamin, George, Jr. 32956012, Pfc Bennett, Edward A. 35298489, Cpl Bertoldo, Vito R. 36068156, M/Sgt Beyer, Arthur O. 37020054, Cpl Bianchi, Willibald C. 0-389009, 1st Lt • Posthumous awards. 13 Apr 45 24 May 44 10 Mar 45 1 Aug 43 19 Jun-7 Jul 44 23 May 44 6 Jun 44 6 Apr 45 18 Dec 44 17 Aug 44 21 Dec 44 1 Feb 45 9-10 Jan 45 15 Jan 45 3 Feb 42 France Okinawa |