Brain Injury and Recovery: Theoretical and Controversial IssuesC. Robert Almli, Stanley Finger, T.E. LeVere, Donald G. Stein Springer Science & Business Media, 2012年12月6日 - 362 頁 The idea for the present volume grew from discussions that the four of us had among ourselves and with our colleagues at recent scientific meetings. All of us were impressed by the wealth of empirical data that was being generated by investigators interested in brain damage and recovery from both behavioral and biological orientations. Nevertheless, we were concerned about the relative paucity of attempts to evaluate the data provided by new technologies in more than a narrow context or to present new theories or reexamine time-honored ideas in the light of new findings. We recognized that science is guided by new technologies, by hard data, and by theories and ideas. Yet we were forced to conclude that, although investi gators were often anxious to publicize new methods and empirical fmdings, the same could not be said about broad hypotheses, underlying concepts, or in ferences and speculations that extended beyond the empirical data. Not only were many scientists not formally discussing the broad implications of their data, but, when stimulating ideas were presented, they were more likely to be heard in the halls or over a meal than in organized sessions at scientific meetings. |
內容
Invasion | 193 |
Chapter 14 | 201 |
Nerve Growth Factors Functional Roles in the CNS | 208 |
Chapter 15 | 215 |
Cellular Mechanisms | 225 |
Chapter 16 | 235 |
Regressive Influences | 241 |
Chapter 17 | 249 |
Summary | 65 |
Methodological Assumptions and Empirical Origins | 73 |
Psychological Deficits following Brain Damage | 79 |
Chapter 6 | 86 |
Multiple Functions of Neural Systems | 92 |
The Extent of StrokeInduced Damage | 99 |
Mass Action and Equipotentiality Reconsidered | 103 |
Conclusions | 114 |
Historical Antecedents | 121 |
Other Pursuits and Later Contributions | 127 |
Chapter 9 | 133 |
Chapter 10 | 151 |
The Somatosensory System | 157 |
Chapter 11 | 165 |
Conclusions | 177 |
Historical and Contemporary | 187 |
Is There a Critical Postoperative Period for Transplant | 258 |
Systemic Injections of Trophic Factors Can also Promote | 267 |
Problems and Risks in Using Embryonic Brain Tissue Grafts | 269 |
Recent History of Functional Electrical Stimulation for Patient | 275 |
Physiological Changes and Physical Conditioning Responses | 281 |
Functional Electrical Stimulation and Walking | 294 |
Summary | 301 |
Right Hemisphere Compensation | 308 |
Chapter 20 | 323 |
Practical Considerations | 331 |
Arousal Emotion and Motivation after Brain Damage | 337 |
The Problem of Motivation in Neurological Rehabilitation and | 344 |
Sources of Controversy | 351 |
Recovery and the Null Hypothesis | 357 |
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ablations acetylcholine activity adult afferent Almli anatomic animals aphasia auditory axons behavioral recovery bilateral brain damage brain function brain injury Brain Res cells cerebral cortex changes cholinergic clinical Comp concept contralateral cortical cues deficits dendritic diaschisis discrimination early brain damage Ebbesson effects electrical stimulation equipotentiality example Finger and Stein frontal cortex Glassman Goldstein hemispherectomy hippocampus impairments input Jackson Kennard language Lashley learning lesions LeVere localization mechanisms mediate memory Meyer monkeys motor muscle neocortex neocortical nerve growth factor neural systems neurological neurons neuropsychological Neurosci normal observed occur organization patients performance Petrofsky Physiol physiological plasticity Psychol quadriplegic receptive field receptors recovered recovery from brain recovery of function regions reorganization response right hemisphere sensory sensory substitution showed somatosensory cortex sparing specific speech sprouting studies subjects subsystems suggest superior colliculus synaptic testing theory tion tissue transplants trophic visual cortex visual decorticate York