Language PolicyCambridge University Press, 2003年12月11日 Language policy is an issue of critical importance in the world today. In this introduction, Bernard Spolsky explores many debates at the forefront of language policy: ideas of correctness and bad language; bilingualism and multilingualism; language death and efforts to preserve endangered languages; language choice as a human and civil right; and language education policy. Through looking at the language practices, beliefs and management of social groups from families to supra-national organizations, he develops a theory of modern national language policy and the major forces controlling it, such as the demands for efficient communication, the pressure for national identity, the attractions of (and resistance to) English as a global language, and the growing concern for human and civil rights as they impinge on language. Two central questions asked in this wide-ranging survey are of how to recognize language policies, and whether or not language can be managed at all. |
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第 1 到 5 筆結果,共 60 筆
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... religious, demographic, educational and cultural factorsthat make up the full ecologyofhuman life. While many scholars arenow beginning to recognizethe interaction of economic and political and other factors with language, it iseasy and ...
... religious, demographic, educational and cultural factorsthat make up the full ecologyofhuman life. While many scholars arenow beginning to recognizethe interaction of economic and political and other factors with language, it iseasy and ...
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... religious, linguistic ortribal. Horowitz lists a number of recent examples of linguistic riots: Assam in 1960 and1972, Sri Lankain1956 and 1958, Ranchi in 1967, Mauritania in 1966, KarachiHyderabad in 1972and Bangalore in1994. Assam, a ...
... religious, linguistic ortribal. Horowitz lists a number of recent examples of linguistic riots: Assam in 1960 and1972, Sri Lankain1956 and 1958, Ranchi in 1967, Mauritania in 1966, KarachiHyderabad in 1972and Bangalore in1994. Assam, a ...
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... religious, cultural, psychological, bureaucratic and so on) regularly account for any attempt bypersons or groupsto intervene in the language practices and the beliefsof other persons or groups, and for the subsequent changes that do or ...
... religious, cultural, psychological, bureaucratic and so on) regularly account for any attempt bypersons or groupsto intervene in the language practices and the beliefsof other persons or groups, and for the subsequent changes that do or ...
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... religion of the State; Islamic Sharia [Islamic Law] a main source of legislation; andArabic the officiallanguage. (Bahrain Constitution 1973) The language of the Republicshall be French. (French Constitution amended to 1999) In 32 of ...
... religion of the State; Islamic Sharia [Islamic Law] a main source of legislation; andArabic the officiallanguage. (Bahrain Constitution 1973) The language of the Republicshall be French. (French Constitution amended to 1999) In 32 of ...
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... religion, and especially in religions like Judaism, ChristianityandIslam, wherethe deity isviewedas a spiritual being with personal qualities (Pickering 2001). Blasphemy continues tobea crime intheUK, butonly against the Church of ...
... religion, and especially in religions like Judaism, ChristianityandIslam, wherethe deity isviewedas a spiritual being with personal qualities (Pickering 2001). Blasphemy continues tobea crime intheUK, butonly against the Church of ...
內容
Pursuing | |
The nature of language policy and its domains | |
Two monolingual politiesIceland andFrance 6 How English spread 7 Does the US have a language policy or just civil rights? | |
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常見字詞
Académie française Africa Afrikaans andthe Arabic associated asthe Basque beliefs bilingual education Bilingual Education Act bythe Catalan central century colonial language complex Constitution continued countries cultural dialects diglossia dominant economic efforts endangered languages English Englishspeaking established ethnic European Fishman foreign languages France French language fromthe German globalization groups Hebrew Hindi human rights ideology immigrants implementation independence indigenous languages instruction inthe language management language planning language policy language practices language rights languageof Latvia linguistic minorities linguistic rights literacy major Māori Māori Language minority languages monolingual mother tongue multilingual national language Navajo nineteenth official language oflanguage ofthe onthe percent plurilingual political population proficiency programs Quechua recognition recognized regional languages religious Republic reversing language shift Russian schools social sociolinguistic Soviet Spanish speak speakers spoken Spolsky standard status teaching thatthe thelanguage thereis tobe tothe United varieties vernacular withthe writing system Yiddish