Language PolicyCambridge University Press, 2003年12月11日 Language policy is an issue of critical importance in the world today. In this introduction, Bernard Spolsky explores many debates at the forefront of language policy: ideas of correctness and bad language; bilingualism and multilingualism; language death and efforts to preserve endangered languages; language choice as a human and civil right; and language education policy. Through looking at the language practices, beliefs and management of social groups from families to supra-national organizations, he develops a theory of modern national language policy and the major forces controlling it, such as the demands for efficient communication, the pressure for national identity, the attractions of (and resistance to) English as a global language, and the growing concern for human and civil rights as they impinge on language. Two central questions asked in this wide-ranging survey are of how to recognize language policies, and whether or not language can be managed at all. |
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第 1 到 5 筆結果,共 30 筆
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... standard spelling and pronunciation to be required of all radio announcers, teachers andcivil servants (The Straits Times, Singapore,November 17,2000). InAugust 2002, the TurkishParliament, applying for admission tothe European ...
... standard spelling and pronunciation to be required of all radio announcers, teachers andcivil servants (The Straits Times, Singapore,November 17,2000). InAugust 2002, the TurkishParliament, applying for admission tothe European ...
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... standard language. Linguistic conservatives claim a kind ofdivineright forthecorrect form,however it maybe established. Onthe other side, linguistic liberals argue that all formsoflanguage haveequal validity, although some forms ...
... standard language. Linguistic conservatives claim a kind ofdivineright forthecorrect form,however it maybe established. Onthe other side, linguistic liberals argue that all formsoflanguage haveequal validity, although some forms ...
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Bernard Spolsky. is decided according to local “community standards.” Many states and local governments in the USA have their own laws and regulations about bad language. Thestate of Georgia, for example, categorizes obscenity andwhat it ...
Bernard Spolsky. is decided according to local “community standards.” Many states and local governments in the USA have their own laws and regulations about bad language. Thestate of Georgia, for example, categorizes obscenity andwhat it ...
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... avoided saying that words were wrongand presented without judgmentthewords actuallyused byspeakers ofEnglish, was between these two ideologies,the one that standards for language can be derived from criteria other than use,
... avoided saying that words were wrongand presented without judgmentthewords actuallyused byspeakers ofEnglish, was between these two ideologies,the one that standards for language can be derived from criteria other than use,
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... standards. MANAGING. AND. MITIGATING. RACIST. LANGUAGE. One form oflanguage management, somewhat delicately labeled as“politicalcorrectness,” has accompaniedthe growing liberalconsciousness in many Western countries over thelatterdecadesof ...
... standards. MANAGING. AND. MITIGATING. RACIST. LANGUAGE. One form oflanguage management, somewhat delicately labeled as“politicalcorrectness,” has accompaniedthe growing liberalconsciousness in many Western countries over thelatterdecadesof ...
內容
Pursuing | |
The nature of language policy and its domains | |
Two monolingual politiesIceland andFrance 6 How English spread 7 Does the US have a language policy or just civil rights? | |
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常見字詞
Académie française Africa Afrikaans andthe Arabic associated asthe Basque beliefs bilingual education Bilingual Education Act bythe Catalan central century colonial language complex Constitution continued countries cultural dialects diglossia dominant economic efforts endangered languages English Englishspeaking established ethnic European Fishman foreign languages France French language fromthe German globalization groups Hebrew Hindi human rights ideology immigrants implementation independence indigenous languages instruction inthe language management language planning language policy language practices language rights languageof Latvia linguistic minorities linguistic rights literacy major Māori Māori Language minority languages monolingual mother tongue multilingual national language Navajo nineteenth official language oflanguage ofthe onthe percent plurilingual political population proficiency programs Quechua recognition recognized regional languages religious Republic reversing language shift Russian schools social sociolinguistic Soviet Spanish speak speakers spoken Spolsky standard status teaching thatthe thelanguage thereis tobe tothe United varieties vernacular withthe writing system Yiddish