Recent Progress in the Study of Variation, Heredity, and EvolutionE. P. Dutton, 1910 - 334 頁 |
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ABAB acquired characters actual afforded ancestors animal or plant animals and plants appearance arise arisen Bateson behaviour biometry cells chapter colour correlation crossed Darwin definite described discontinuous division equal numbers evidence example existence fact factors female fertilization flowers Francis Galton further Galton gametes germ-cells give rise grains groups Herbert Spencer hereditary heredity heterozygote homozygote hybrid individual inheritance J. J. Thomson JOSEPH GOTTLIEB KÖLREUTER Karl Pearson kind known Kölreuter Lamarck large number male Mendel's law Mendelian method mitosis modification mutation natural selection nucleus number of chromosomes observed obtained offspring organic evolution origin of species ovum pairs of allelomorphs parent particular phenomena phenomenon pollen present produced purple R. C. Punnett race recent regarded represented resemblance result seeds separate similar single somatic spermatozoa stature structure supposed takes place theory tion variability variety Vries Weismann whilst x-generation yellow zygote
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第 45 頁 - There is, in short, no bound to the prolific nature of plants or animals, but what is made by their crowding and interfering with each other's means of subsistence. Were the face of the earth vacant of other plants, it might be gradually sowed and overspread with one kind only, as, for instance, with fennel; and were it empty of other inhabitants, it might in a few ages be replenished from one nation only, as, for instance, with Englishmen.
第 30 頁 - ... the world itself might have been generated, rather than created; that is, it might have been gradually produced from very small beginnings, increasing by the activity of its inherent principles, rather than by a sudden evolution of the whole by the Almighty fiat.
第 281 頁 - the study of agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations, either physically or mentally.
第 322 頁 - I do not know whether you have any illusions left on the subject of education, progress, and so forth. I have none. Any pamphleteer can shew the way to better things ; but when there is no will there is no way. My nurse was fond of remarking that you cannot make a silk purse out of a sow's ear ; and the more I see of the efforts of our churches and universities and literary sages to raise the mass above...
第 48 頁 - But if variations useful to any organic being ever do occur, assuredly individuals thus characterised will have the best chance of being preserved in the struggle for life; and from the strong principle of inheritance, these will tend to produce offspring similarly characterised. This principle of preservation, or the survival of the fittest, I have called Natural Selection.
第 293 頁 - Its first object is to check the birth-rate of the Unfit, instead of allowing them to come into being, though doomed in large numbers to perish prematurely. The second object is the improvement of the race by furthering the productivity of the Fit by early marriages and healthful rearing of their children.
第 124 頁 - Mr. Darwin's position might, we think, have been even stronger than it is if he had not embarrassed himself with the aphorism, " Natura non facit saltum," which turns up so often in his pages. We believe, as we have said above, that Nature does make jumps now and then, and a recognition of the fact is of no small importance in disposing of many minor objections to the doctrine of transmutation.
第 167 頁 - The vigor of the growth, the size of the seeds produced, and the season of maturity, were the same, though the one was a very early, and the other a very late variety. I had, in this experiment, a...
第 48 頁 - ... a severe struggle for life, and this certainly cannot be disputed; then, considering the infinite complexity of the relations of all organic beings to each other and to their conditions of existence, causing an infinite diversity in structure, constitution and habits...
第 292 頁 - ... a hundred boys and girls under fourteen, could pick out, with the least chance of success, those who should be kept, as certain to be serviceable members of the polity, and those who should be chloroformed, as equally sure to be stupid, idle, or vicious. The "points...