Dislocating China: Muslims, Minorities, and Other Subaltern SubjectsUniversity of Chicago Press, 2004 - 414 頁 Until quite recently, Western scholars have tended to accept the Chinese representation of non-Han groups as marginalized minorities. Dru C. Gladney challenges this simplistic view, arguing instead that the very oppositions of majority and minority, primitive and modern, are historically constructed and are belied by examination of such disenfranchised groups as Muslims, minorities, or gendered others. Gladney locates China and Chinese culture not in some unchanging, essential "Chinese-ness," but in the context of historical and contemporary multicultural complexity. He investigates how this complexity plays out among a variety of places and groups, examining representations of minorities and majorities in art, movies, and theme parks; the invention of folklore and creation myths; the role of pilgrimages in constructing local identities; and the impact of globalization and economic reforms on non-Han groups such as the Muslim Hui. In the end, Gladney argues that just as peoples in the West have defined themselves against ethnic others, so too have the Chinese defined themselves against marginalized groups in their own society. |
內容
Introduction Locating and Dislocating Culture in Contemporary China | 1 |
RECOGNITION | 6 |
The politics of ethnic identification | 9 |
The politics of Han nationalism | 13 |
The politics of ethnic separatism | 17 |
coming out in the 1990s | 20 |
The politics of unofficial ethnicity | 23 |
The disuniting of China? | 26 |
Three families three nations | 181 |
making hybridity | 187 |
Relational alterity and oppositional identities | 189 |
indigeneities of place space and state recognition | 193 |
nomadic nostalgia and the power of genealogy | 195 |
Unscrambling overstructured identities | 200 |
Relational alterities | 202 |
INDIGENIZATIONS | 205 |
Mapping the Chinese Nation | 28 |
derivative discourses of nationalism | 29 |
a protopath? | 31 |
Mixed media blurred genres and derivative discourses | 34 |
Mapping the Chinese Ethnic Culture Park | 39 |
Path dependence and the seductiveness of theme parks | 46 |
Scrambling and unscrambling paths | 47 |
Breaking path dependence | 49 |
REPRESENTATIONS | 51 |
The display and commodification of the minority other in China | 54 |
Essentializing the Han | 59 |
Han modernity and the construction of primitivity | 60 |
Exoticizing and eroticizing minorities in China | 64 |
the invention of the Yunnan School | 69 |
Marginalizing the center of Chinese film | 74 |
eroticizing even the Muslims | 78 |
Woman as minority and other in China | 81 |
Film and Forecasting the Nation | 85 |
Horse Thief and its critics | 88 |
Minority representation in China | 89 |
The background to minorities film | 92 |
Representing Horse Thiefs minorities | 95 |
Majority agendas minority subjects | 96 |
FOLKLORIZATIONS | 99 |
human and Hui origins | 103 |
imperial imprimatur | 107 |
marriage and miscegenation | 111 |
Betwixt and between | 116 |
Localization and Transnational Pilgrimages | 120 |
Historic tombs and international prominence | 121 |
Sufi tombs and transnational networks | 125 |
Local tombs and communal interests | 139 |
Local gongbei and ethnic folklore | 143 |
Tombs and Hui ancestral tradition | 147 |
ETHNICIZATIONS | 150 |
in search of an ethnic group | 152 |
A northwestern Sufi community | 153 |
A Hui community in Oxen Street Beijing | 154 |
A Hui community on the southeast coast | 155 |
Hui communities in Chinas minority areas | 156 |
Ethnicity and the nationstate | 158 |
The dialogical nature of ethnic identity | 159 |
from Huijiao to Huimin | 160 |
The social life of labels | 165 |
The local expression of Hui identity | 167 |
The rise of panHui ethnic identity | 169 |
State definition minority identity and Han nationalism | 170 |
The dialogue and contestation of ethnicity in China | 173 |
Relational Alterities | 176 |
Ethnogenesis and the nationstate | 208 |
Thc ethnogenesis of the Uyghur | 210 |
Twentiethcentury Chinese expansion and Uyghur identity | 216 |
The incorporation of Xinjiang and modem Uyghur identity | 219 |
Uyghur identity and the Chinese nationstate | 225 |
CyberSeparatism | 229 |
Salman Rushdie and transEurasian railways | 231 |
Islamization and Chinese geopolitics | 235 |
virtual voices in the Uyghur opposition | 238 |
Contesting otherness | 257 |
SOCIALIZATIONS | 260 |
Education and Chinas civilizing mission | 261 |
Representation of Muslims as minority nationalities | 264 |
Muslim selfrepresentation | 265 |
Chinese education of Muslims | 266 |
Post1949 Chinese education of Muslims | 269 |
male female education discrepancies among Muslim nationalities | 275 |
The rise of Islamic education and its influence on Chinese education | 277 |
Public and private discourse on Islamic knowledge in China | 280 |
Subaltern Perspectives on Prosperity | 282 |
Muslim nationality Chinese state | 285 |
Ethnoreligious revitalization in a northwestern Sufi community | 288 |
Hui economic prosperity and ethnic reinvention in Fujian | 294 |
Reflections on Hui prosperity north and south | 298 |
Han capitalism in socialist China | 299 |
contrasting moralities | 309 |
POLITICIZATIONS | 312 |
Transnational Islam and Muslim national identity in China | 315 |
Islamic movements and revivalism in China | 319 |
dividing lines | 322 |
Mutual withdrawal and a peaceful resolution | 324 |
Colonialism under different masters | 328 |
But what about the cost of lamb? | 329 |
a war on Islam? | 331 |
Open doors guarded expressions | 334 |
Bodily Positions Social Dispositions | 336 |
Tiananmen requiem | 339 |
Bodily efficacy and River Elegy | 344 |
Bodily dispositions and Tiananmen | 348 |
Bodily occupation of the public sphere | 357 |
Conclusions | 360 |
Subaltern perspectives on the Chinese geobody | 362 |
Chinese nationalism and its subaltern implications | 363 |
Subaltern separatism and Chinese response | 364 |
China s expanding internal colonialism | 366 |
368 | |
402 | |
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