views of the Department. Furthermore, from time to time, we assist in writing the report.

Mr. PRESTON. All right, let us go back to the question of the preparation of bills. How many bills did your section actually prepare of the 96? You said a moment ago that 36 were submitted to Congress. How many did you actually prepare in your section?

Mr. BROWN. We did not write any, entirely by ourselves. We cooperated in the drafting of all of them.

Mr. PRESTON. I get then, from your description of the work done in this section, that you are a very vital link in this chain of red tape in the Department; you seem to fit into the picture, but you do not actually do very much, do you?

Mr. BROWN. I think we do a great deal.

Mr. PRESTON. You do not prepare any bills; you do not write any reports. You receive congressional requests?

Mr. BROWN. Yes.

Mr. PRESTON. When you get a congressional request you do not do anything except to refer it to the proper service in the State Department which has to do the work?

Mr. BROWN. No; we refer it to them for action, but we work with them in the preparation of reports affecting other areas of the department besides the one to which it has come for action, from Economic Affairs, for instance.

We get the people together and come up with the Department's position on the bill.

Mr. PRESTON. As a matter of fact, it seems to me your most important function is, from the Department of State standpoint, that of exercising control over congressional relationships for the benefit of the Department rather than having the various subdivisions of the State Department deal directly with Members of Congress.

Mr. BROWN. That I can say is not the purpose of the Department, but from comments we have had we think it is beneficial to the Congress, to have one office that they know they can call and get service. Mr. PRESTON. Well, that is a debatable statement.

Mr. BROWN. As I say, that is based on information that has come to us from Members of Congress who have called on us.

Mr. PRESTON. If you will go back and look up the import tax on lumber by the Cuban Government and see how long that item has been in your office, without any effective action being taken

Mr. BROWN. There are some problems, of course, that are not immediately solvable.

Mr. PRESTON. That should not be, by agreement, under the reciprocal trade agreement-and I have even gone to Habana myself and talked to the Ambassador there about it, and yet the situation stays the same. I know I have called down there trying to get something done about this, but have not been able to do anything so far. That is a matter that the liaison section handles; I have contacted Mr. McFall on that, but still the tax is charged. Ambassador Butler has tried to obtain relief but to no avail.

Mr. ROONEY. While we are on this subject: Is there any particular reason why we have been denied the privilege of meeting with Mr. Moreland?

Mr. BROWN. No, and I shall see that is corrected.
Mr. ROONEY. Perhaps you will not need to do so.

PREPARATION OF LETTERS TO MEMBERS OF CONGRESS

Now, you say you wrote 6,300 letters to Members of Congress. That is about 31 a day, is it not?

Mr. BROWN. Over the whole year, yes. That is the average. Of course, they were not all received in that ratio.

Mr. ROONEY. You do not show very much in results with regard to bills before the Congress, and now it turns out that you are answering only approximately 31 letters a day, and you have a staff of 27 people that cost the taxpayers $171,747.

OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY

Mr. MARSHALL. I have a question concerning the item on page 15, the Office of the Under Secretary. In 1950 you showed 26 actually employed, and in 1951 it shows 36. This next year also the same figure of 36. Would you comment on that, please?

Mr. ROONEY. That was when Mr. Webb came into the Department and we gave him additional employees, following the reorganization of the Department, pursuant to the so-called Hoover Commission report. Is that correct?

Mr. HUMELSINE. That is correct, yes.

Mr. WILBER (interposing). Also, the scientific staff came in about that time.

SPECIAL ASSISTANT TO THE UNDER SECRETARY, FISH AND WILDLIFE

Mr. MARSHALL. I think it is on page 16 you refer to about eight positions for the Special Assistant to the Under Secretary, Fish and Wildlife Service. Briefly what is the State Department's connection with Fish and Wildlife?

Mr. McWILLIAMS. Mr. Chairman, the Department has responsibility for negotiating all of the international treaties concerning fishing rights. For example, at the present time, on the east coast and also on the west coast, fishermen, United States nationals, are fishing in international waters. It is necessary to have conservation measures in effect as between governments.

For example, with Canada we have the halibut treaty and the salmon treaty by which each Government undertakes to conserve the fish in the area in which both countries fish, to see that there is a continual reproduction of resources and that the fisheries are not depleted. There is a commission which regulates and which conserves the fisheries in those territories.

We have treaties with several South American countries as to fisheries rights. This section has the responsibility of negotiating those treaties, under which the United States fisheries industry is protected in international waters. When fishermen from the United States get into trouble by moving outside the boundaries of waters covered by treaty, and where they have no right to be, they may be arrested or they may be put in prison, and this section has the responsibility to see that appropriate diplomatic action is taken to assure that proper safeguards are give to United States fishermen.

Mr. MARSHALL. Do you have anything to do with the oyster proposition out here in Virginia-Maryland?

Mr. McWILLIAMS. No; our responsibility is not inland; it is international.

Mr. MARSHALL. Who handles that-the Department of the Interior?

Mr. McWILLIAMS. Yes; the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior.

Mr. MARSHALL. In connection with the activities of the Department of the Interior you work rather closely with them?

Mr. McWILLIAMS. We work closely with the Department, and they furnish us with the technical information which we need to do our negotiating with other governments. We confine our activities to dealing with other governments, and on fish and wildlife matters the technical information, such as how fast certain kinds of fish can reproduce, and what waters produce most highly, and things of that nature we leave to specialists and technicians in the Department of the Interior, who furnish us with advice and with the information we require in our negotiations with other governments.

OFFICE OF THE AMBASSADOR AT LARGE

Mr. STEFAN. Who is the Ambassador at Large?

Mr. McWILLIAMS. That is Ambassador Philip C. Jessup.

Mr. STEFAN. Does this $78,637 for that office include travel?
Mr. WILBER. No.

Mr. STEFAN. How is that shown?

Mr. WILBER. That is included in the allotment for the Office of the Secretary.

Mr. STEFAN. How much?

Mr. WILBER. The total amount is $32,000 for 1951.

Mr. STEFAN. What is the estimate for the next fiscal year?

Mr. WILBER. $35,000; that is both domestic and foreign travel.

POLICY PLANNING STAFF

Mr. STEFAN. Tell me about this Policy Planning Staff. What are the duties of those 28 people?

Mr. McWILLIAMS. The Policy Planning Staff was established about 3 or 31⁄2 years ago at the time General Marshall became Secretary of State. Its responsibility is to look forward to what problems may confront the United States in the coming period and to try to develop policies or procedures which will give us a head start on facing the things which are coming up. It is an attempt to look into the future and to plan in advance.

I might say over the 3 years it has been very successful. As I am sure you are aware, Mr. George Kennan was its first chief. He developed procedures by which the staff brings to bear the combined judgment of a group of outstanding men on the particular things they have need to study. In addition, they bring in outside experts, people who are known to be specialists in certain areas, on certain types of problems-to give the Department their best advice.

Mr. STEFAN. This $223,957 does not include travel or the employment of specialists?

Mr. McWILLIAMS. No, sir; that is correct.

Mr. WILBER. That is also included in the total amount for the Secretary's office, Mr. Stefan.

TRAVEL EXPENSES

Mr. STEFAN. How much is that?

Mr. WILBER. That is $32,000 as the total for the Secretary's office for 1951 and $35,000 is requested for 1952.

Mr. STEFAN. Is that the same for the Ambassador at Large?

Mr. WILBER. That is the grand total travel appropriated for the Office of the Secretary, which includes the Planning Staff's travel. Mr. STEFAN. $35,000 would be for both items?

Mr. WILBER. Yes, sir.

Mr. STEFAN. Not just one?

Mr. WILBER. That is the total Office of the Secretary travel.

Mr. STEFAN. Then the $32,000 figure I have been given for Mr. Jessup's office would not be entirely for his office?

Mr. WILBER. No, sir. I am sorry; I perhaps confused you. The total $32,000 provided for this year is the total allotment for travel for the Office of the Secretary.

Mr. STEFAN. This entire amount?

Mr. WILBER. That is right, except for the Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations and the Special Assistant for Press Relations. There are separate allotments for those two.

Mr. STEFAN. What is the separate allotment for Congressional Relations?

Mr. WILBER. That is $500 this year, and the same amount is requested for 1952.

Mr. STEFAN. $500 for travel?

Mr. WILBER. Yes, sir.

Mr. STEFAN. You could not do much traveling for that; could you? Mr. WILBER. That is correct. It includes only five domestic trips and one foreign trip in that figure.

Mr. STEFAN. For $500?

Mr. WILBER. That is correct-$244 for the domestic trips and $256 for the foreign trip. I do not know what that foreign trip is.

Mr. STEFAN. Where could one go outside the United States for $256? Mr. WILBER. Possibly to South America. I am not sure where. It represents a very short trip.

PERSONNEL IN OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR CONGRESSIONAL

RELATIONS

Mr. STEFAN. Now, as to these 25 people in Congressional Relations you are putting in the record their names and salaries?

Mr. WILBER. Yes, sir; we are.

Mr. STEFAN. And their duties?

Mr. WILBER. Yes, sir. One employee has been added since December 31, 1950, so the list will be of 26 employees.

(The information is as follows:)

Jack K. McFall, $15,000—Assistant Secretary

Directs Department-congressional relations and manages Department's legislative program, which encompasses participation in formulation of policies and legislative proposals from their inception through congressional presentation; directs the preparation of replies to congressional requests received through correspondence and telephone; and consults with and arranges for consultation with Members of Congress on foreign policy, its development and problems. Advises the Secretary, Under Secretary, and other Assistant Secretaries on congressional aspects of foreign-relation policies and problems.

Ben H. Brown, Jr., GS-16, $11,200-Deputy Assistant Secretary

Serves as Deputy to the Assistant Secretary, assisting in performance of all Assistant Secretary's functions and carrying on those functions in the absence of the Assistant Secretary.

William H. Dodderidge, $7,600, GS-13-Executive assistant

Serves as executive assistant to the Assistant Secretary, manages office and insures that all matters coming to the attention of the Office of the Assistant Secretary are referred to the appropriate officers of that Office and properly disposed of. Acts as personnel officer and coordinates the work of the Office of the Assistant Secretary in the expeditious disposition of all congressional relations action.

Allen H. Moreland, GS-15, $10,000; Horace H. Smith, GS-15, $10,700-Congressional liaison officers

Serve as liaison officers between the Department and Senate and House of Representatives, respectively, attend all committee hearings in which the Department is involved, and advise the Assistant Secretary and other Department officers on comments and expressions of opinions by committees and members. Advise and consult with individual Members of Congress on foreign policy programs and legislative requirements and arrange meetings between departmental officers and members on matters in which members are particularly interested.

Philander P. Claxton, Jr., GS-15, $10,750--Legislative management officer

Responsible for legislative matters pertaining to the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs, the Bureau of Near Eastern and African Affairs, and the Administrator of the Technical Assistance Program. Advises these Bureaus of congressional aspects of their policies and programs and manages the legislative proposals originating in these Bureaus, including participation in the drafting of bills, preparation of written presentation materials and briefing papers for witnesses. Coordinates legislative matters with other interested departments of the Government and the Bureau of the Budget. Arranges and participates in consultation between officers of these Bureaus and interested committees and Members of Congress. Florence K. Kirlin, GS-15, $10,750-Legislative management officer

Performs same functions as above with respect to the Bureau of European Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Office of Economic Affairs, and the Office of Intelligence Research.

George O. Gray, GS-14, $8,800-Legislative management officer

Performs same functions above with respect to the Bureau of German Affairs, Office of the Legal Adviser, Office of Public Affairs, the Office of the Deputy Under Secretary for Administration, and the Bureau of United Nations Affairs. Clara G. McMillan, GS-13, $7,600-Legislation assistant

Assists Members of Congress by servicing their telephone calls to the Department regarding matters of a general nature. These calls amount to approximately 5,000 per year. Reviews all congressional mail prior to signing or clearance by the Assistant Secretary for Congressional Relations-approximately 6,500 during 1950. Generally assists the Assistant Secretary in his efforts to supply the Members of Congress with information and material.

Louise White, GS-13, $8,400—Legislation assistant

Obtains and analyzes information in congressional debate and public statements concerning discussions, action and trends in the Congress on foreign-policy legislation and programs, and provides such information to policy officers of the Department for their use in the formulation and preparation of departmental plans, programs and policies, in the preparation of legislative proposals, and in consultations with Members of the Congress on foreign-policy issues, programs and legislation.

Edith Mamish, GS-9, $5,100-Research assistant (Bureau of the Budget Liaison)

Analyzes all bills, resolutions, reports and hearings, and legislative publications and maintains history of those of interest to the Department, apart from the Department's legislative program. Works closely with the Bureau of the Budget, other Departments and agencies, and with Departmental officers in insuring prompt reply and clearance within the Department of Congressional and Budget Bureau requests for the Department's position on le islation. Prepares a daily