A Tri-Generational Study of Language Choice and Shift in Port HarcourtUniversal-Publishers, 2007 - 448 頁 This book is intended as a textbook for advanced undergraduate or graduate students in the field of bilingualism and language choice. It reports on a sociolinguistic study of the language choice patterns of the minority Ikwerre ethnic group of Port Harcourt City, Nigeria. Further, it aims primarily to present a systematic and coherent account of the extent and patterning of Ikwerre-NPE bilingualism within the Ikwerre community, focusing on: the means by which people in this community deploy two different codes in their day-to-day communicative interactions and the social and attitudinal motivations for language choice at both the group and individual level. To satisfy these objectives this study has taken into account the pre-existing linguistic, socio-economic and macro-sociological distinctiveness of the Ikwerre community. Thus, it has investigated prevailing local attitudes towards Ikwerre and NPE by incorporating matched guise tests to deepen our understanding of the processes of language choice and shift operating in the community. This was done to demonstrate that contemporary local linguistic attitudes working together with personal network ties would offer fuller and more adequate explanations of why members of the Port Harcourt Ikwerre community select either Ikwerre and/or NPE in their normal every day interactions. From the observations and findings made in this study I propose an account of the language choice patterns attested in my Port Harcourt Ikwerre community data that is based on establishing a broad typology which can be directly related to the bilingualism continuum. This framework should be equally applicable to similar bilingual settings around the world, which, like Port Harcourt, have experienced rapid metropolitan growth as a result of radical socio-economic change in their recent history. Finally, it is my hope that in the course of reading this book the reader can come to a place where their understanding and appreciation of the effects of languages in contact in non-Western communities is enriched with the illustrative material in this book. |
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第 ii 頁
Kelechukwu Ihemere. with family members 202 Table 8 Generalised patterns of language choice with non-family members 203 Table 9 Mean age of speakers of different language choice patterns 204 Table 10 Distribution of male and female ...
Kelechukwu Ihemere. with family members 202 Table 8 Generalised patterns of language choice with non-family members 203 Table 9 Mean age of speakers of different language choice patterns 204 Table 10 Distribution of male and female ...
第 iii 頁
... non-family members on the indigenous index of exchange networks Mean scores of speakers with four language choice patterns with family members on the generational index of exchange networks 243 244 245 Table 10 Mean scores of speakers ...
... non-family members on the indigenous index of exchange networks Mean scores of speakers with four language choice patterns with family members on the generational index of exchange networks 243 244 245 Table 10 Mean scores of speakers ...
第 45 頁
... non-Ikwerre indigene. In fact, she is Yoruba, an entirely different ethnic group from the Ikwerre minority ethnic group. Kinship: In anthropology, kinship is defined as a unit composed of a family ... members of the family outside the ...
... non-Ikwerre indigene. In fact, she is Yoruba, an entirely different ethnic group from the Ikwerre minority ethnic group. Kinship: In anthropology, kinship is defined as a unit composed of a family ... members of the family outside the ...
第 47 頁
... members of the community who have forged relationships with non-Ikwerre indigenes bring with them to these associations the paraphernalia of this new experience: part of which is language. Thus, the members ... family fosters the ...
... members of the community who have forged relationships with non-Ikwerre indigenes bring with them to these associations the paraphernalia of this new experience: part of which is language. Thus, the members ... family fosters the ...
第 150 頁
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內容
Correlations between language choice | 220 |
Impact of Social Network Ties | 230 |
Average number of Indigenous ties | 233 |
Networks and Language Choice | 243 |
Mean scores of speakers with seven | 244 |
and Language Proficiency | 250 |
Correlations between language | 251 |
Networks and Language Proficiency | 252 |
Table 2 | 103 |
Notes | 127 |
Chapter Four | 129 |
Table 4 | 155 |
Patterns of Language Choice | 186 |
Table 5 | 197 |
Generalised patterns of language choice | 203 |
Language Choice | 208 |
Proficiency and Observed Language | 219 |
Table 18 | 253 |
IkwerreNigerian Pidgin English | 266 |
Harcourt | 274 |
Conclusion and Implications | 316 |
Interview Schedule | 330 |
Appendix II | 335 |
Language Attitudes Scores | 337 |
Transcription Symbols for Verbal | 346 |
常見字詞
76 speakers African age-mates analysis attending school Auer Batibo bilingual chapter code-switching cohort communities of practice contacts conversation correlations cultural dialect diglossia discussion domain Eckert ethnic group example exchange networks family members Fasold female speakers fieldwork Fishman Further grandparents Gumperz Harcourt Ikwerre community Igbo Igbo language Ikwerre and NPE Ikwerre language Ikwerre monolinguals Ikwerre society Ikwerre-dominant Ikwerreland implicational scales indicate individual informants instance interactive networks interlocutors investigate IP IP IP language attitudes language choice patterns language proficiency scores language shift level of education Li Wei linguistic linguistic behaviours Male Female male speakers markedness matched guise test Milroy multilingual Myers-Scotton network score Nigeria non-family members non-Ikwerre NPE scale NPE-dominant Number of speakers older speakers organisation parents participant observation personal network Pidgin pikin Port Harcourt Ikwerre present relationship Sebba significant social network sociolinguistic speak NPE structure switching Table talk traditional types variables variation younger speakers
熱門章節
第 69 頁 - DIGLOSSIA is a relatively stable language situation in which, in addition to the primary dialects of the language' (which may include a standard or regional standards), there is a very divergent, highly codified (often grammatically more complex) superposed variety, the vehicle of a large and respected body of written literature, either of an earlier period or in another speech community, which is learned largely by formal education and is used for most written and formal spoken purposes but is not...
第 115 頁 - Over time, this collective learning results in practices that reflect both the pursuit of our enterprises and the attendant social relations.
第 90 頁 - Choose the form of your conversation contribution such that it indexes the set of rights and obligations which you wish to be in force between speaker and addressee for the current exchange.
第 5 頁 - The president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability. Despite some irregularities, the April 2003 elections marked the first civilian transfer of power in Nigeria's history.
第 64 頁 - Linguists who study language contact often seek to describe changes at the level of linguistic systems in isolation and abstraction from speakers. Sometimes they tend to treat the outcome of linguistic interaction in static rather than dynamic terms, and lose sight of the fact that the bilingual individual is the ultimate locus of contact.
第 138 頁 - The essential core of ethnography is this concern with the meaning of actions and events to the people we seek to understand' (1979: 5), and the researcher's job in the ethnographic interview, then, is to communicate genuinely, in both subtle and direct ways that 'I want to know what you know in the way that you know it. ... Will you become my teacher and help me understand?
第 1 頁 - The regional background of the theme and its characters and (B) the sociolinguistic contexts. (B) here brings into focus the sociolinguistic significance of dialects and foreign language use in the literature of any language. As stated by Fasold, Not only do people use language to share their thoughts and feelings with other people, they exploit the subtle and not so subtle aspects of language to reveal and define their social relationships with the people they are talking to, with people who can...
第 114 頁 - Communities of practice are formed by people who engage in a process of collective learning in a shared domain of human endeavor" (p. 1). Further, "communities of practice are groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly
第 114 頁 - Wenger (1999), communities of practice are formed by people who engage in a process of collective learning in a shared domain of human endeavour: a tribe learning to survive, a band of artists seeking new forms of expression, a group of engineers working on similar problems, a clique of pupils defining their identity in the school, a network of surgeons exploring novel techniques, a gathering of first-time managers helping each other cope.