Developments in aviation law in 1977 included the Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom concerning Air Service, signed at Bermuda on July 23, 1977; the litigation with regard to the landing rights in New York of the operators of the Concorde; and the implementation in several bilateral agreements of President Carter's low cost fare policy. The chapter dealing with state responsibility for injuries to aliens publishes for the first time several decisions by the Department of State on claims by U.S. citizens against the Egyptian Government pursuant to the Claims Agreement between the United States and Egypt signed on May 1, 1976. The environmental materials report portions of the affidavits and the environmental impact statement in the litigation involving the moratorium by the International Whaling Commission on the killing of bowhead whales. Included as well is information on the steps taken by the U.S.-Canadian International Joint Commission to prevent transfrontier pollution. The 1977 Digest also includes an appendix reporting summaries of Department of State decisions concerning the immunities of foreign states, their agencies and instrumentalities, their property, and their nondiplomatic and nonconsular officials from 1952 until the entry into force of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976. In this appendix the text of dozens of previously unpublished diplomatic notes are reported to show how U.S. practice with regard to these issues of international law evolved during the last quarter of a century. In his August 19, 1977, World Law Day Proclamation, President Carter observed that the "past twenty-five years have been marked by the unprecedented development of international law" and spoke of the hope of fostering through cooperation and mutual respect “a climate of justice and liberty in which each individual can achieve his or her full potential." The annual Digest of United States Practice in International Law is published in the hope that a better understanding by the world community of the international law practice of the United States will help to foster such a climate. HERBERT J. HANSELL Washington, D.C. SUMMARY OF CONTENTS § 1 States-International Status, Attributes, and Types § 2 Continuity and Succession of States § 3 Diplomatic Relations and Recognition § 4 International Organizations 83 Jurisdiction Based on Agreement With the Territorial State . § 4 Jurisdiction Based on Universal and Other State Interests 516 § 1 Conditions and Procedural Aspects of Assertion of Claim of State § 2 Substantive Bases for International Claims § 3 Claims Settlement Agreements. § 4 Agreements for the Protection of Foreign Investment. § 5 National Legal Provision for Protection of Foreign Investment |