網頁圖片
PDF
ePub 版

The Committee, assisted by the Council Deputies, will, in particular, consider and make recommendations to the Council on the following matters:

(a) Coordination and frequent consultation on foreign policy, having particular regard to steps designed to promote peace.

(b) Closer economic, financial and social cooperation designed to promote conditions of stability and well-being, both during the period of rearmament and thereafter, within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or through other agencies.

(c) Collaboration in the fields of culture and public information.

In these and other ways the Council will build up the inner strength of the North Atlantic community, without duplicating the work of other international organizations which promote the same objectives.

The Council endorses the recent declaration of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation which called on all sections of the European community to increase production and play their part in the collective effort for peace and well-being.1

In developing the North Atlantic community, the Council would act in conformity with and seek to strengthen the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. It is only by the work and by the enlightened understanding of the free peoples everywhere that the cause of freedom and democracy will be upheld against any challenge.

44. SEVENTH SESSION OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL (OTTAWA): Communiqué, September 21, 19512

1. The North Atlantic Council has concluded its Seventh Session, in which for the first time the member governments were represented by Foreign Ministers, Defense Ministers and Economic or Finance Ministers. The new composition of the Council reflects the wide fields in which coordination is being steadily developed.

2. In an exchange of views on the world situation, note was taken of the growing confidence and strength of the Atlantic community in a world of continuing tension. The Council was informed by the Occupying Powers of the progress of discussions directed toward the establishment of a new relationship with the German Federal Republic. It was also informed of the statement made by the three foreign ministers after their meeting in Washington in which they welcomed the plan for a European Defense Community of which Germany would form part.

3. The Council, considering that the security of the North Atlantic area would be enhanced by the accession of Greece and Turkey to the

1 Declaration of Aug. 29, 1951; Department of State Bulletin, Sept. 24, 1951, pp. 487-488.

2 Ibid., Oct. 1, 1951, pp. 523–524.

3 Communiqué released by the Foreign Ministers of the United States, the United Kingdom, and France on Sept. 14, 1951; infra, pp. 1720-1723.

North Atlantic Treaty, agreed to recommend to the member governments that, subject to the approval of national Parliaments under their respective legislative procedures, an invitation should be addressed as soon as possible to the Kingdom of Greece and the Republic of Turkey to accede to the Treaty.'

4. The Council considered the reports submitted by the military and civilian agencies of the Treaty Organization:

(a) The Standing Group reported on the establishment and development of the integrated force under General Eisenhower, and progress on other military matters.2

(b) The Defense Production Board reported on the problems relating to the further development of production and recommended means of dealing with these problems.3

(c) The Financial and Economic Board presented a report analyzing the economic and financial impact of the NATO defense effort with special reference to the equitable sharing of the burden."

(d) The Council Deputies, the permanent working body of the Treaty Organization, reported on their activities in political, organization, and administrative matters and in developing closer coordination between the Treaty agencies.

(e) The Chairman of the Council Deputies summarized the major issues before the Organization and suggested action to meet them.

As a result of the study of these reports, the Council issued guidance and directives to the respective agencies concerning their future work. 5. All member governments recognize as their joint aim the building up [of] defense forces to a sufficient level of strength, and the no less. important objective of a sound and stable economy necessary to support that effort. The reports of the Defense Production Board and of the Financial and Economic Board, and the discussion thereon, have indicated a number of difficulties in the production and economic fields. The member countries recognize the need to surmount such difficulties in order to assure the continued progress of their efforts to strengthen the free world. The Council has noted the danger of inflation, the burdens which increased defense efforts place on the balance of payments, and the obstacles to an adequate defense arising from price and allocation pressures on raw material supplies. The Ministers recognized that the common effort requires a common attack upon these problems, and agreed to take such action severally and jointly as they deem appropriate to find solutions to them.

1 The protocol for the accession of Greece and Turkey to the North Atlantic Treaty was signed Oct. 17, 1951; supra, pp. 853-854.

2 For the terms of reference of the Standing Group, see Section V of the Final Communiqué of the First Session of the North Atlantic Council, Sept. 17, 1949; supra, doc. 35.

The terms of reference of the Defense Production Board were included in Section VIII of the communiqué by the North Atlantic Council Deputies, May 5, 1951; supra, doc. 42.

+ Ibid., Section I.

5 For the terms of reference of the Council Deputies, see the Final Communiqué of the Fourth Session of the North Atlantic Council, May 19, 1950; supra, doc. 38.

6. Accordingly a temporary committee of the Council was established to survey urgently the requirements of external security, and particularly of fulfilling a militarily acceptable NATO plan for the defense of Western Europe, and the realistic political-economic capabilities of the member countries, with a view to determining possible courses of action for their reconciliation so as to achieve the most effective use of the resources of the member countries.

7. The Council received reports from the member governments on the status of the defense effort in their countries and referred them to the military agencies and appropriate commands for study and recommendations to improve the early effectiveness and availability of

forces.

8. The Council noted that agreement had been reached on the financing of an "infrastructure" program of airfields, communications, and certain installations for the support of forces. These projects will continue without delay.

9. The Council has issued a separate statement 1 making clear the importance which the member governments attach to the development of the Atlantic community, not only to safeguard their freedom and common heritage on an equal footing but also to strengthen their free institutions and to advance the well-being of their peoples. The statement announced the establishment of a ministerial committee to study and recommend lines of future action toward these objectives.

10. The Council resolved that, in order to develop more effective unity of action, and in accordance with its duties as the institution for forming the policy and directing the operations of the Treaty Organization, its meetings would be held more frequently and at more regular intervals. In order to continue progress on the problems discussed at the Seventh Session, it was agreed that a further meeting of the Council would be held in Rome in the near future.

45. EIGHTH SESSION OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL (ROME): Communiqué, November 28, 1951 2

1. The North Atlantic Council has today concluded its eighth session in Rome. It was a regular meeting of the Council held in accordance with the policy announced at Ottawa of holding frequent meetings to exchange views and to develop more effective unity of action on a continuing basis. It was attended by twenty-eight Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Finance, and Defense.

Pending parliamentary approval of the decision to invite Greece and Turkey to adhere to the North Atlantic Treaty, representatives

1 Supra.

2 Department of State Bulletin, Dec. 10, 1951, p. 952.

See paragraph 10 of the communiqué of the Seventh Session of the Council,

supra.

This decision was taken at the Seventh Session of the North Atlantic Council; see paragraph 3 of the communiqué of Sept. 21, 1951, supra.

of those two countries attended the plenary meetings of the Council as observers.

2. The Council considered progress reports from its military and civilian agencies. It instructed the pertinent agencies to put into action certain recommendations of the reports and to continue their work on others with a view to reporting further at the next session of the Council.

3. The chairman and one vice-chairman of the Temporary Council Committee informed the Council of the progress of the Committee's work directed toward the reconciliation of military requirements with political-economic capabilities. They stated that the Committee's final report and recommendations would be presented early in December for the consideration of member governments and the Council at its next session.

4. The Military Committee, consisting of the Chiefs of Staff of member countries, met in Rome before the Council meeting. The Council considered the reports of the Military Committee, including one on the readiness and effectiveness of NATO forces. The Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, and his Chief of Staff made oral statements. The Council exchanged views and took decisions on various military matters dealt with in these reports.

5. The North Atlantic Council received statements with respect to the status of negotiations for the establishment of a European defense community, and the status of negotiations with the German Federal Republic concerning the contractual arrangements to replace the occupation statute.2

The Council adopted a resolution expressing its hope that the Paris conference would conclude its activities at the earliest possible moment so that a definitive report could be made to the Council for consideration at its next meeting.

The resolution requested the appropriate North Atlantic Treaty agencies in the meantime to give early attention to the problem of correlating the obligations and relationship of the European defense community with those of the North Atlantic Treaty so that discussions with the Paris conference on this question may be held and concluded as soon as possible.

6. The Council approved an interim report submitted by the Committee on the North Atlantic community (consisting of representatives of Belgium, Canada, Italy, the Netherlands, and Norway).3 The report stressed the importance of further developing the habit of consultation on matters of common concern. The Council directed that fuller study be given to a number of proposals relating to economic, social, and cultural matters and to the coordination of the activities of NATO civilian agencies with those of other international organizations. In this connection the Council recommended that particular consideration be given to facilitating the movement of

1 Established as announced in paragraph 6, ibid.

2 See infra, pp. 1720-1726.

This committee was established in accordance with the statement released by the North Atlantic Council, Sept. 21, 1951; supra, doc. 43.

labor from member countries with excess manpower to others where it could be effectively utilized.

7. The Council directed the Committee to continue its work. The Council agreed that its next meeting should be held in Lisbon on February 2, 1952.

46. ADOPTION OF THE REPORT OF THE TEMPORARY COUNCIL COMMITTEE BY THE NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL: NAC Press Release, February 24, 1952 1

1. The North Atlantic Council yesterday adopted the plan of action of its Temporary Council Committee. The approval of the Council resolution on the Temporary Council Committee report brought to a successful conclusion the work of the Temporary Council Committee, established by the Council at its meeting at Ottawa on September 19, 1951.2

2. By its resolution on the Tcc report, the North Atlantic Council agreed on specific policies and plans for building NATO defensive strength during the present year. NATO nations agreed to provide approximately 50 divisions in appropriate conditions of combat readiness and 4,000 operational aircraft in Western Europe as well as strong naval forces. It further provided a definite program for taking measures this year necessary to increase the defensive power of NATO in following years. This defensive force does not include the contributions of Greece and Turkey.

There was general agreement that this increase in defensive power will constitute an important increased deterrent against aggression. While not covered specifically by the Council action at Lisbon, it was recognized that Allied strategic air power is already a powerful deterrent to aggression and in the event of attack would be a most valuable addition to the defense of Western Europe.

3. The primary task of the Tcc was to develop a plan of action reconciling the issues arising from the requirements of a militarily acceptable defense plan and the politico-economic capabilities of the member countries. Through the work of a screening and costing staff and ways under the direction of General McNarney, it considered means of building balanced effective defensive forces at minimum cost. At the same time it made a careful appraisal of the politico-economic capabilities of each NATO country and of the economic problems which will have to be dealt with in order to develop those capabilities. 4. The Council resolution, derived from the Tcc report, lays the emphasis on defense which is prompt, effective and practicable.

1 Department of State Bulletin, Mar. 10, 1952, pp. 368–370.

2 See the Council's communiqué of Sept. 21, 1951; supra, doc. 44.

3 See the communiqué of the Lisbon meeting of the Council, Feb. 26, 1952;

infra.

Gen. Joseph T. McNarney, USAF, Chairman of the Defense Management Committee, Headquarters, USAF, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Washington;

detailed to NATO.

« 上一頁繼續 »