Language PolicyCambridge University Press, 2003年12月11日 Language policy is an issue of critical importance in the world today. In this introduction, Bernard Spolsky explores many debates at the forefront of language policy: ideas of correctness and bad language; bilingualism and multilingualism; language death and efforts to preserve endangered languages; language choice as a human and civil right; and language education policy. Through looking at the language practices, beliefs and management of social groups from families to supra-national organizations, he develops a theory of modern national language policy and the major forces controlling it, such as the demands for efficient communication, the pressure for national identity, the attractions of (and resistance to) English as a global language, and the growing concern for human and civil rights as they impinge on language. Two central questions asked in this wide-ranging survey are of how to recognize language policies, and whether or not language can be managed at all. |
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第 6 到 10 筆結果,共 80 筆
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... management that led to changes in language policy. Rather, itwas associatedwith the return to the isolated village ... language that markedtheir added status. Itwasthe new language that was mosteasily shared with the othervillagers, for ...
... management that led to changes in language policy. Rather, itwas associatedwith the return to the isolated village ... language that markedtheir added status. Itwasthe new language that was mosteasily shared with the othervillagers, for ...
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... language situation. When a person or group directs such intervention, I call this language management(I preferthistermto planning, engineering ortreatment). Thelanguagemanagermight be a legislative assembly writinga national ...
... language situation. When a person or group directs such intervention, I call this language management(I preferthistermto planning, engineering ortreatment). Thelanguagemanagermight be a legislative assembly writinga national ...
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... language practices, beliefs and management decisions ofa community or polity. Consider a westernized primaryschool classroom. Pupils quickly discoverwhich language choices(and language items, too) are appropriate andwhich are ...
... language practices, beliefs and management decisions ofa community or polity. Consider a westernized primaryschool classroom. Pupils quickly discoverwhich language choices(and language items, too) are appropriate andwhich are ...
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... Language management may apply to an individual linguistic microunit (a sound, a spelling or the form ofa letter) ortoa collectionof units (pronunciation ora lexicon or a script)or toa specified,named macrovariety (a language or a ...
... Language management may apply to an individual linguistic microunit (a sound, a spelling or the form ofa letter) ortoa collectionof units (pronunciation ora lexicon or a script)or toa specified,named macrovariety (a language or a ...
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... language.” Language. policyand. policies. Language management refers to the formulation and proclamationof an explicit plan or policy,usually but not necessarily writtenina formal document,about language use. Aswe willsee, the existence ...
... language.” Language. policyand. policies. Language management refers to the formulation and proclamationof an explicit plan or policy,usually but not necessarily writtenina formal document,about language use. Aswe willsee, the existence ...
內容
Pursuing | |
The nature of language policy and its domains | |
Two monolingual politiesIceland andFrance 6 How English spread 7 Does the US have a language policy or just civil rights? | |
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常見字詞
Académie française Africa Afrikaans andthe Arabic associated asthe Basque beliefs bilingual education Bilingual Education Act bythe Catalan central century colonial language complex Constitution continued countries cultural dialects diglossia dominant economic efforts endangered languages English Englishspeaking established ethnic European Fishman foreign languages France French language fromthe German globalization groups Hebrew Hindi human rights ideology immigrants implementation independence indigenous languages instruction inthe language management language planning language policy language practices language rights languageof Latvia linguistic minorities linguistic rights literacy major Māori Māori Language minority languages monolingual mother tongue multilingual national language Navajo nineteenth official language oflanguage ofthe onthe percent plurilingual political population proficiency programs Quechua recognition recognized regional languages religious Republic reversing language shift Russian schools social sociolinguistic Soviet Spanish speak speakers spoken Spolsky standard status teaching thatthe thelanguage thereis tobe tothe United varieties vernacular withthe writing system Yiddish