Fluorescent nanodiamonds
Huan-Cheng Chang (Author), Wesley W.-W. Hsiao (Author), Meng-Chih Su (Author)
The most comprehensive reference on fluorescent nanodiamond physical and chemical properties and contemporary applications Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have drawn a great deal of attention over the past several years, and their applications and development potential are proving to be manifold and vast. The first and only book of its kind, Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is a comprehensive guide to the basic science and technical information needed to fully understand the fundamentals of FNDs and their potential applications across an array of domains. In demonstrating the importance of FNDs in biological applications, the authors bring together all relevant chemistry, physics, materials science and biology. Nanodiamonds are produced by powerful cataclysmic events such as explosions, volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts. They also can be created in the lab by high-pressure high-temperature treatment of graphite or detonating an explosive in a reactor vessel. A single imperfection can give a nanodiamond a specific, isolated color center which allows it to function as a single, trapped atom. Much smaller than the thickness of a human hair, a nanodiamond can have a huge surface area that allows it to bond with a variety of other materials. Because of their non-toxicity, nanodiamonds may be useful in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and gene therapy.' -The most comprehensive reference on a topic of rapidly increasing interest among academic and industrial researchers across an array of fields -Includes numerous case studies and practical examples from many areas of research and industrial applications, as well as fascinating and instructive historical perspectives -Each chapter addresses, in-depth, a single integral topic including the fundamental properties, synthesis, mechanisms and functionalisation of FNDs -First book published by the key patent holder with his research group in the field of FNDs Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is an important working resource for a broad range of scientists and engineers in industry and academia. It will also be a welcome reference for instructors in chemistry, physics, materials science, biology and related fields
1 online resource
9781119477105, 9781119477044, 9781119477099, 9781119477082, 1119477107, 1119477042, 1119477093, 1119477085
1035801966
Intro; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; Part I Basics; Chapter 1 Introduction to Nanotechnology; 1.1 Nanotechnology: FromLarge toSmall; 1.1.1 Feynman: Plenty ofRoom at theBottom; 1.1.2 Nanotechnology Today; 1.1.3 The Bottom-Up Approach; 1.2 Nanocarbons: Now andThen; 1.2.1 Classification; 1.2.2 Fullerenes; 1.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes; 1.2.4 Graphenes; References; Chapter 2 Nanodiamonds; 2.1 Ah, Diamonds, Eternal Beautiful; 2.2 Diamonds: FromStructure toClassification; 2.2.1 Structure; 2.3 Diamond Synthesis; 2.3.1 HPHT; 2.3.2 CVD; 2.3.3 Detonation. 2.4 Nanodiamonds: AScientist's Best FriendReferences; Chapter 3 Color Centers in Diamond; 3.1 Nitrogen Impurities; 3.2 Crystal Defects; 3.3 Vacancy-Related Color Centers; 3.3.1 GR1 andND1; 3.3.2 NV0 andNV−; 3.3.3 H3 andN3; 3.3.4 SiV−; 3.4 The NV− Center; References; Chapter 4 Surface Chemistry of Nanodiamonds; 4.1 Functionalization; 4.2 Bioconjugation; 4.2.1 Noncovalent Conjugation; 4.2.2 Covalent Conjugation; 4.3 Encapsulation; 4.3.1 Lipid Layers; 4.3.2 Silica Shells; References; Chapter 5 Biocompatibility of Nanodiamonds; 5.1 Biocompatibility Testing; 5.1.1 Cytotoxicity 5.1.2 Genotoxicity5.1.3 Hemocompatibility; 5.2 In Vitro Studies; 5.2.1 HPHT-ND; 5.2.2 DND; 5.3 Ex Vivo Studies; 5.4 In Vivo Studies; References; Part II Specific Topics; Chapter 6 Producing Fluorescent Nanodiamonds; 6.1 Production; 6.1.1 Theoretical Simulations; 6.1.2 Electron/Ion Irradiation; 6.1.3 Size Reduction; 6.2 Characterization; 6.2.1 Fluorescence Intensity; 6.2.2 Electron Spin Resonance; 6.2.3 Fluorescence Lifetime; 6.2.4 Magnetically Modulated Fluorescence; References; Chapter 7 Single Particle Detection and Tracking; 7.1 Single Particle Detection; 7.1.1 Photostability. 7.1.2 Spectroscopic Properties7.1.3 Color Center Numbers; 7.2 Single Particle Tracking; 7.2.1 Tracking inSolution; 7.2.2 Tracking inCells; 7.2.3 Tracking inOrganisms; References; Chapter 8 Cell Labeling and Fluorescence Imaging; 8.1 Cell Labeling; 8.1.1 Nonspecific Labeling; 8.1.2 Specific Labeling; 8.2 Fluorescence Imaging; 8.2.1 Epifluorescence andConfocal Fluorescence; 8.2.2 Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence; 8.2.3 Two-Photon Excitation Fluorescence; 8.2.4 Time-Gated Fluorescence; References; Chapter 9 Cell Tracking and Deep Tissue Imaging; 9.1 Cellular Uptake. 9.1.1 Uptake Mechanism9.1.2 Entrapment; 9.1.3 Quantification; 9.2 Cell Tracking; 9.2.1 Tracking In Vitro; 9.2.2 Tracking In Vivo; 9.3 Deep Tissue Imaging; 9.3.1 Wide-Field Fluorescence Imaging; 9.3.2 Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance Imaging; 9.3.3 Time-Gated Fluorescence Imaging; 9.3.4 Magnetically Modulated Fluorescence Imaging; References; Chapter 10 Nanoscopic Imaging; 10.1 Diffraction Barrier; 10.2 Superresolution Fluorescence Imaging; 10.2.1 Stimulated Emission Depletion Microscopy; 10.2.2 Saturated Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy; 10.2.3 Deterministic Emitter Switch Microscopy